Umshini ulahlekelwa ukushajwa kwawo. Kungaba yini isizathu?
Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi uma inkomba yebhethri ikhanyisa kudeshibhodi yethu, khona-ke, njengomthetho, i-generator ihlulekile. Yini ngempela ephuka kule ngxenye futhi kanjani ukususa ngokuphumelelayo isici?
Izimoto zanamuhla zikaphethiloli nodizili zidinga ugesi owengeziwe ngenxa yokwanda kwazo okuyinkimbinkimbi. Sezadlula izinsuku lapho, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokushaja, kwakwanele ukuqala imoto "ngokunengqondo", hhayi ukusebenzisa izibani nama-wiper, futhi, uma ube nenhlanhla, ungashayela ngakolunye uhlangothi. . Poland ngaphandle ukushajwa. Ngakho-ke kuyiphutha elihle elicasulayo kulezi zinsuku. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kithi, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izizathu ezivame kakhulu zalokhu, ukuze sikwazi ukukhuluma nomakhenikha kalula futhi sazi ukuthi yini okufanele siyibuze ngesikhathi sokulungiswa.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokushaja kuhlotshaniswa nokwehluleka kwe-generator. Ake sicacise ukuthi i-alternator iyi-alternator umsebenzi wayo ukuguqula amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi. Ezimotweni, unomthwalo wemfanelo wokunika amandla zonke izinto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye nokushajwa kabusha kwebhethri. Ukuphila kwejeneretha kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kwesistimu yokushaja yilezi:
Ibhande eliphukile
Ngokuvamile, isibani sokulawula sikhanya ngenxa nje yebhande eliphukile elixhuma ijeneretha ku-crankshaft. Uma iphuka, okokuqala thola imbangela yalokhu kuphuka. Uma inkinga kuphela ibhande ngokwalo, elidala kakhulu noma, isibonelo, lonakaliswe ngenxa yokuhlangana okungalungile, ngokuvamile ukufaka esikhundleni sebhande elisha kwanele ukulungisa inkinga. Kodwa-ke, ibhande eliphukile lingase futhi liholele ekuvinjweni kwesinye sezakhi zesistimu noma ukulimala komshini - isibonelo, enye ye-roller, ezobe isika ibhande ngomkhawulo obukhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndaba iba nzima nakakhulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukusungula nokuqeda imbangela yokuphulwa kwebhande.
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Isilawuli esishile kanye nokulimala kwepuleti le-diode
I-voltage regulator ku-generator isetshenziselwa ukugcina i-voltage engaguquki ngaphandle kokushintsha kwesivinini senjini. Amaphutha kulesi sici avame ukubangelwa amaphutha omhlangano - ngokuvamile phakathi nokuhlanganiswa kwefekthri. Lokhu ukuxhumeka okungalungile kwezintambo zebhethri. Umjikelezo omfishane ongazelele ungalimaza isilawuli futhi ushise ama-diode esilungisisi esinesibopho sokushajwa kabusha kwebhethri.
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isilawuli sishile
Uma kuphela isilawuli sonakalisiwe, futhi ipuleti le-diode lihlala linjalo, khona-ke izikhukhula cishe ziyimbangela yokuwohloka. Amanzi, uwoyela noma olunye uketshezi olusebenzayo olugeleza lusuka emibhobolweni engaphansi kwesivalo semoto lungangena kusilawuli. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukukhomba umthombo wokuvuza ukuze ugweme ingozi efanayo esikhathini esizayo.
I-stator eshile
I-stator ephendukayo iyingxenye ye-alternator ekhiqiza ugesi. Isizathu sokushiswa kwe-stator ukugcwala ngokweqile nokushisa kwe-generator. Umthwalo oweqile ungadalwa yizizathu eziningi - ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezingxenye zemoto (isibonelo, ukuhlinzekwa komoya), isimo esingesihle sebhethri, isidingo sokushajwa njalo kujeneretha, noma ukuguga kokusebenza kwezingxenye zejeneretha. Umphumela wokushisa kwe-stator ukubhujiswa kwe-insulation kanye nesifunda esifushane phansi.
i-rotor ephukile
I-stator current idalwe umsebenzi we-rotor, odala insimu yamagnetic. I-rotor ithola amandla emishini ku-crankshaft. Iphutha layo livame ukuhlotshaniswa nokugqoka kokusebenza kokushintsha, i.e. ingxenye enesibopho sokugeleza kwamandla. Amaphutha omhlangano angaba yimbangela yesici, isibonelo, i-solder ebuthakathaka kakhulu phakathi kwe-rotor nomqoqi.
Ukugqokwa kwe-bearing noma i-pulley
Ijeneretha nayo ingahluleka ngenxa yokuguga kokusebenza kwezingxenye zayo. Isizathu sokugqokwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwama-bearings ngokuvamile izinga eliphansi lezinto ezisetshenziswayo. Noma yikuphi ukungcoliswa kwangaphandle okungama-liquid noma okuqinile nakho kungaba nomthelela. I-alternator pulley iyaguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isibonakaliso esingalungile ikakhulukazi ukugqoka kwayo okungalingani, okubangelwa, isibonelo, ibhande elisontekile le-V (eligugile kakhulu noma elifakwe ngokungalungile). Isizathu sokucekelwa phansi kwesondo singaba yisistimu yokuqinisa ibhande engalungile emotweni kanye nezinto ezifakwe ngokungalungile zokukhwelana.
