Ithangi elikhanyayo M24 "Chaffee" Ithangi elikhanyayo i-M24, I-Chaffee. Ithangi le-M24 laqala ukukhiqizwa ngo-1944. Yayihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezinyunithi zokuhlola zezigaba zamasosha kanye nezikhali, kanye nasemabuthweni asemoyeni. Nakuba imoto entsha isebenzise amayunithi ahlukene we-M3 kanye ne-M5 (isibonelo, i-gearbox kanye ne-fluid coupling), ithangi le-M24 lihluke kakhulu kunamanduleli alo ngesimo se-hull ne-turret, amandla ezikhali, kanye nomklamo we-undercarriage. I-hull ne-turret zishiselwe. Amapuleti ezikhali cishe anogqinsi olufanayo nalawo ochungechunge lwe-M5, kodwa atholakala kuma-engeli amakhulu kakhulu wokuthambekela kokuma mpo. Ukuze kube lula ukulungiswa ensimini, amashidi engxenye ye-aft yophahla lwe-hull ayasuswa, futhi i-hatch enkulu yenziwa eshidini eliphezulu elingaphambili. Ku-chassis, amasondo omgwaqo angu-5 anobubanzi obuphakathi ebhodini kanye nokumiswa komuntu ngamunye kwe-torsion bar. Isibhamu sendiza esilungisiwe esingu-75 mm kanye nesibhamu somshini esingu-7,62 mm esinaso kwafakwa ku-turret. Esinye isibhamu somshini esingu-7,62 mm sasifakwe endaweni ehlangene yebhola ku-front hull plate. Ophahleni lombhoshongo kwakubekwe isibhamu esingu-12,7 mm esilwa nendiza. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kokudubula ngenganono, kwafakwa i-Westinghouse-type gyroscopic stabilizer. Iziteshi zomsakazo ezimbili kanye ne-intercom yethangi kwasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuxhumana. Amathangi e-M24 asetshenziswa esigabeni sokugcina seMpi Yezwe Yesibili, futhi ngesikhathi sangemva kwempi ayesebenza namazwe amaningi omhlaba.   Uma kuqhathaniswa nethangi elikhanyayo i-M5, elathatha indawo yalo, i-M24 yayisho isinyathelo esibalulekile esiya phambili, i-M24 yadlula kude zonke izimoto ezilula zeMpi Yezwe Yesibili mayelana nokuvikelwa kwezikhali kanye namandla omlilo, ngokuphathelene nokuhamba, ithangi elisha lalingenakukwazi ukuhamba kancane. kuneyandulela i-M5. I-cannon yayo engu-75-mm yayicishe ibe yinhle njengesibhamu sika-Sherman ngokwezimpawu zayo futhi yadlula izikhali zamathangi aphakathi nendawo yemodeli ka-1939 mayelana namandla omlilo. Izinguquko ezingathi sína ezenziwe ekwakhiweni kwe-hull kanye nokuma kwe-turret kusize ukuqeda ubungozi, ukunciphisa ukuphakama kwethangi futhi kunikeze ama-angles okutsheka okunengqondo. izingxenye kanye nemihlangano. Umsebenzi wokuklama wokufakwa kwesibhamu esingu-75 mm ethangini elikhanyayo waqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye nokuthuthukiswa kwethangi eliphakathi elihlome ngenganono efanayo. I-Howitzer engu-75-mm T17, eyakhiwe ngesisekelo semoto yokulwa ye-M1E3, yayiyisinyathelo sokuqala kulokhu, futhi kamuva, lapho kuphakama isidingo sethangi elikhanyayo elinomlilo ofanayo no-M4, I-Howitzer ezishayelayo i-M8 yenze ukuguqulwa okuhambisanayo. Ihlome ngenganono engu-75mm M3, le modeli yathola, nakuba ingakafiki ngokusemthethweni, igama elithi M8A1. Yayisekelwe ku-chassis ye-M5, ekwazi ukumelana nemithwalo evela ekudutshulweni kwesibhamu esingu-75-mm, kodwa inguqulo ye-M8A1 yayingenazo izimfanelo eziyisisekelo ezitholakala ethangini. Izidingo zemoto entsha zithatha ukulondolozwa kwesitshalo samandla esifanayo, esifakwe i-M5A1, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-chassis, ukunciphisa isisindo sokulwa kuya kumathani angu-16,2 kanye nokusetshenziswa kokuqina kokubhuka okungenani okungama-25,4 mm nama-engeli aphinyisiwe. yokuthambekela. I-drawback enkulu ye-M5A1 yayiyivolumu encane ye-turret yayo, okwenza kube nzima ukufaka i-cannon engu-75 mm. Kwabe sekuba nesiphakamiso sokwakha ithangi elilula i-T21, kodwa lo mshini, onesisindo samathani angu-21,8, wabonakala usinda kakhulu. Khona-ke ithangi elikhanyayo i-T7 lakhanga ukunaka komyalo wamabutho ethangi. Kodwa le moto yathuthukiswa ngomyalo webutho laseBrithani ngenganono engu-57 mm, futhi lapho amaMelika ezama ukufaka isibhamu sika-75-mm phezu kwayo, isisindo salo modeli sanda kakhulu kangangokuthi i-T7 yadlulela esigabeni amathangi aphakathi. Ukuguqulwa okusha kwaqala ukwenziwa njengethangi eliphakathi kwe-M7 elihlome ngenganono engu-75 mm, kwase kuthi ukumiswa kwamiswa kwakhanselwa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhlela ezivele ngenxa yokuba khona kwamathangi amabili aphakathi nendawo. Ngo-Okthoba 1943, inkampani yeCadillac, eyayiyingxenye yeGeneral Motors Corporation, yethula amasampula emoto ehlangabezana nezidingo ezibekiwe. Umshini, oqokwe i-T24, wanelisa izicelo zomyalo wamasosha amathangi, owayala amayunithi ayi-1000, ngaphandle kokulinda ngisho nokuqala kokuhlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasampula okuguqulwa kwe-T24E1 ngenjini evela kumbhubhisi wamathangi e-M18 ayalwe, kodwa le phrojekthi yashiywa ngokushesha. Ithangi le-T24 lalihlome ngesibhamu esingu-75 mm T13E1 esinomshini we-TZZ we-recoil kanye nesibhamu somshini esingu-7,62 mm ohlakeni lwe-T90. Isisindo esamukelekayo se-cannon sichazwa ukuthi yasungulwa ngesisekelo sesibhamu se-M5 futhi igama layo elisha elithi M6 lalisho ukuthi kwakuhloswe ukuthi libekwe hhayi endizeni, kodwa ethangini. Njenge-T7, izinjini ezingamawele ze-Cadillac zagitsheliswa ukuze kube lula ukulondolozwa. Ngendlela, i-Cadillac yakhethwa ukukhiqiza ngobuningi be-T24 ngoba i-T24 ne-M5A1 yayinesitshalo samandla esifanayo. I-T24 ifakwe ukumiswa kwe-torsion bar ye-M18 tank destroyer. Kunombono wokuthi lolu hlobo lokumiswa lwasungulwa abaklami baseJalimane, empeleni, ilungelo lobunikazi laseMelika lokumiswa kwe-torsion bar lakhishwa ngoDisemba 1935 ku-WE Preston kanye no-JM Barnes (ugeneral wekusasa, inhloko yenkonzo yocwaningo yoMnyango we Izikhali kuze kube ngu-1946). I-undercarriage yomshini yayinamasondo omgwaqo amahlanu anerabha enobubanzi obungu-63,5 cm, isondo langaphambili lokushayela kanye nesondo eliqondisayo (ebhodini). Ububanzi bamathrekhi bufinyelele ku-40,6 cm. Umzimba we-T24 wawenziwe ngensimbi egoqiwe. Ubukhulu obukhulu bezingxenye zangaphambili bufinyelele ku-63,5 mm. Kwezinye, izindawo ezingabalulekile kangako, izikhali zazincane kakhulu - ngaphandle kwalokho ithangi lalingeke lingene esigabeni sokukhanya. Isembozo esikhulu esikhiphekayo eshidini elingaphambili elithambekele linikeze ukufinyelela ohlelweni lokulawula. Umshayeli nomsizi wakhe bebenezilawuli ezigqagqene onazo. NgoJulayi 1944, i-T24 yahlanganiswa ngaphansi kwegama elithi M24 ithangi elikhanyayo futhi yathola igama elithi "Chaffee" ebuthweni. NgoJuni 1945, 4070 yale mishini yayisivele yakhiwe. Ngokuhambisana nomqondo weqembu lokulwa elilula, abaklami baseMelika bathuthukise inqwaba yezikhali ezizihambelayo ngesisekelo se-chassis ye-M24, okwakuthakazelisa kakhulu okwakuyi-T77 multi-barrel ZSU: i-turret entsha enemiphongolo eyisithupha. Umshini wokukhweza isibhamu esingu-24-caliber wafakwa ku-chassis ojwayelekile we-M12,7, owenze izinguquko ezincane. Ngandlela-thile, lo mshini waba sibonelo yesimanje, futhi eziyisithupha-barreled, anti-aircraft uhlelo "Volcano". Ngenkathi i-M24 isathuthukiswa, i-Army Command yayinethemba lokuthi i-lightweight entsha ithangi ingathuthwa ngendiza. Kodwa ngisho nokuthutha ithangi le-M54 Locast elilula ngendiza ye-C-22, i-turret kwadingeka isuswe. Ukufika kwendiza yezokuthutha i-C-82 enamandla okuthwala amathani ayi-10 kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthutha i-M24 ngendiza, kodwa futhi ne-turret ehlakaziwe. Nokho, le ndlela yayidinga isikhathi esiningi, umsebenzi kanye nezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindiza ezinkulu zokuthutha sezakhiwe kakade ezingakwazi ukugibela izimoto zokulwa zohlobo lwe-Chaffee ngaphandle kokuhlakazwa ngaphambili. Ngemva kwempi, "i-Chaffee" yayikhonza namabutho amazwe amaningana futhi yabamba iqhaza ekulweni eKorea nase-Indochina. Leli thangi lakwazi ukubhekana ngempumelelo nokuqaliswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zemisebenzi futhi lasebenza njengesisekelo sezivivinyo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ku-chassis ye-M24 kwafakwa umbhoshongo we-tank French AMX-13; endaweni yokuhlola e-Aberdeen, ukuguqulwa kwe-M24 kwahlolwa ngokumiswa kukagandaganda waseJalimane wamathani ayi-12 onezibungu izingxenye ezintathu kwezine ze-chassis, nokho, lapho i-prototype isuka emgwaqeni, imiphumela yokuhlolwa yayingekho. eyanelisayo; isibhamu esingu-24 mm esilayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo safakwa esakhiweni se-M76, kodwa izinto azihambanga ngale kwalokhu kuhlolwa; futhi, ekugcineni, inguqulo "ephikisana nabasebenzi" yezimayini ezihlakazekile ze-T31 ezinhlangothini zombili zomkhumbi ukuze kuvinjelwe izinsana eziyisitha ukuthi zingasondeli ethangini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibhamu ezimbili zomshini ezingu-12,7 mm zazifakwe ku-cupola yomkhuzi, okwandisa kakhulu amandla omlilo atholakala kumphathi wethangi. Ukuhlolwa kokuhlangenwe nakho kwaseBrithani ekulweni oGwadule LwaseNtshonalanga ngo-1942, lapho i-8th Army isebenzisa i-M3, kwabonisa ukuthi amathangi aseMelika athembisayo azodinga izikhali ezinamandla kakhulu. Ngohlelo lokuhlola, esikhundleni se-Howitzer, isibhamu sethangi esingu-8 mm safakwa ku-M75 ACS. Ukuhlolwa komlilo kubonise ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuhlomisa i-M5 ngesibhamu esingu-75 mm. Eyokuqala kwamamodeli amabili okuhlola, aqokwa i-T24, yethulwa kwezempi ngo-Okthoba 1943, futhi kwaba yimpumelelo kangangokuthi i-ATC yagunyaza ngokushesha umyalelo wemboni yezimoto ezingu-1000, kamuva zanda zaba ngu-5000. UCadillac noMassey-Harris bathatha. ukukhiqizwa, okukhiqizwa ngokuhlanganyela kusukela ngo-March 1944 kuze kube sekupheleni kwempi izimoto ezingu-4415 (kuhlanganise nezibhamu ezizishayelayo ku-chassis yazo), zisusa izimoto zochungechunge lwe-M5 ekukhiqizeni. Izici zokusebenza Ukulwa nesisindo I-18,4 T Ubukhulu:   isikhathi 5000 mm ububanzi 2940 mm ukuphakama 2770 mm Abadlali 4 - 5 umuntu Impi 1 х 75 mm i-M5 Cannon 2 x 7,62 mm isibhamu somshini 1 х 12,7 mm isibhamu somshini Izinhlamvu 48 amagobolondo 4000 imizuliswano Ukubhuka:   ingquza ebunzini 25,4 mm umbhoshongo ebunzini 38 mm uhlobo lwenjini carburetor "Cadillac" uhlobo 42 Amandla aphezulu 2x110hp Максимальная скорость I-55 km / h Ukugcina amandla 200 km Imishini yokuhlola kanye namanye amaphrojekthi: I-T24E1 kwakuyi-T24 yokuhlola enikwa amandla yinjini ye-Continental R-975 futhi kamuva yaba nenganono enwetshiwe engu-75mm enebhuleki le-muzzle. Njengoba i-M24 yaba yimpumelelo ngempela ngenjini ye-Cadillac, awukho omunye umsebenzi owenziwa ngalo mshini. Inganono engu-75-mm Mb yadalwa ngesisekelo sesibhamu esikhulu sendiza esisetshenziswa kumabhomu aseMitchell futhi yayinemishini yokubuyisela emuva ebekwe eduze komgqomo, okwanciphisa kakhulu ubukhulu besibhamu. NgoMeyi 1944, i-T24 yamukelwa njengethangi elikhanyayo le-M24. Ukulethwa kwezempi kwe-M24 yokuqala kwaqala ngasekupheleni kuka-1944, futhi kwasetshenziswa ezinyangeni zokugcina zempi, kwasala amathangi okukhanya ajwayelekile ebutho laseMelika ngemva kwempi. Ngokuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwethangi elisha lokukhanya, banquma ukudala i-chassis eyodwa yeqembu lokulwa lezimoto ezilula - amathangi, izibhamu ezizishayelayo kanye nezimoto ezikhethekile, okwenza kube lula ukukhiqiza, ukuhlinzeka nokusebenza. Izinhlobonhlobo eziningi nokuguqulwa okwenziwe ngokuhambisana nalo mqondo kuvezwe ngezansi. Zonke zinenjini efanayo, ugesi kanye nezingxenye ze-chassis njenge-M24. Ukushintsha kwe-M24 I-ZSU M19... Le moto, eyakhelwe ukuzivikela emoyeni, ekuqaleni yayiqokwe i-T65E1 futhi yayiwukuthuthukiswa kwesibhamu esizishayelayo se-T65 esinesibhamu esingama-40mm esingama-1943mm esifakwe ngemuva kwesikebhe kanye nenjini phakathi kwesikebhe. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ZSU kwaqalwa ngabakwa-ATS maphakathi no-1944, kwathi ngo-August 19, lapho iqala ukusebenza ngaphansi kwegama elithi M904, kwa-odwa izimoto ezingu-285. Nokho, ekupheleni kwempi, kwakhiwa kuphela angu-19. Ama-MXNUMX ahlala eyizikhali ezivamile zeButho Lezempi Lase-US iminyaka eminingi ngemva kwempi. I-SAU M41. I-prototype yomshini we-T64E1 iyi-howitzer T64 ethuthukisiwe, eyenziwe ngesisekelo sethangi le-M24 futhi ihluke kulo ngokungabikho kwe-turret yomlawuli kanye nemininingwane emincane. T6E1 -Project BREM light class, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kwamiswa ekupheleni kwempi. I-Txnumx - iphrojekthi yokufaka isibhamu esilwa nendiza esingu-40 mm kanye nezibhamu zomshini ezimbili zohlobo lwe-12,7 mm ku-chassis T65E1 (M19). I-Txnumx - iphrojekthi yokulungiswa okuthuthukisiwe kwe-T77E1. I-Txnumx - iphrojekthi yodaka oluzihambelayo olunesibhamu esingu-155 mm T36. I-T76 (1943) - i-prototype ye-Howitzer ye-self-propelled M37. Enkonzweni yaseBrithani: Inani elincane lamathangi e-M24 alethwa eBrithani ngo-1945 lahlala lisebenza neButho LamaNgisi isikhathi eside ngemva kwempi. Enkonzweni yaseBrithani, i-M24 yanikezwa igama elithi "Chaffee", kamuva elamukelwa yi-US Army. Imithombo: V. Malginov. Amathangi akhanyayo amazwe angaphandle 1945-2000. (Iqoqo Lezikhali No. 6 (45) - 2002); M. Baryatinsky. Izimoto ezihlomile zase-USA 1939-1945. (Iqoqo Lezikhali No. 3 (12) - 1997); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of Tanks World 1915 - 2000"; I-M24 Chaffee Light Tank 1943-85 [Osprey New Vanguard 77]; Thomas Berndt. Amathangi aseMelika eMpi Yezwe II; Steven J. Zaloga. Amathangi Okukhanya AseMelika [Amathangi Empi 26]; I-M24 Chaffee [Izikhali Ezisephrofayilini I-AFV-Izikhali 6]; I-M24 Chaffee [AMATANKS - Iqoqo Lezimoto Ezihlomile 47].