Imoto ehlomile yokuhlola ukukhanya "Izimoto Ezihlomile Ezilula" (2 cm), Sd.Kfz.222 I-reconnaissance armored car yasungulwa ngo-1938 yinkampani yeHorch futhi ngonyaka ofanayo waqala ukungena amasosha. Wonke amasondo omane alo mshini wama-axle amabili ayeshayelwa futhi aqondiswe, amathayi akwazi ukumelana. Ukuma okunezinhlangothi eziningi kwesikebhe kwakhiwa ngamapuleti ezikhali ezigoqiwe atholakala ngomthambeka oqondile nangemuva. Izinguquko zokuqala zezimoto ezihlomile zakhiqizwa injini engu-75 hp, futhi eyalandela inamandla we-hp 90. Izikhali zemoto ehlomile ekuqaleni zazihlanganisa isibhamu somshini esingu-7,92 mm (imoto ekhethekile 221), bese kuba inganono ezenzakalelayo engu-20 mm (imoto ekhethekile 222). Izikhali zafakwa embhoshongweni ophansi onezinhlangothi eziningi wokuzungezisa oyisiyingi. Ukusuka phezulu, umbhoshongo wawuvalwe nge-grille evikelayo egoqayo. Izimoto zezikhali ezingenawo ama-turrets zakhiqizwa njengezimoto zomsakazo. Kuzo kwafakwa izimpondo zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Izimoto ezikhethekile ezingu-221 kanye nezingu-222 kwakuyizimoto ze-Wehrmacht ezihlomile ezilula phakathi nayo yonke impi. Ayesetshenziswa ezinkampanini zezimoto ezihlomile zamabutho okuhlola amathangi kanye nezigaba zezimoto. Sekukonke, kwakhiqizwa imishini yalolu hlobo engaphezu kuka-2000. Umqondo wamaJalimane wempi yombani wawudinga ukuqashelwa okuhle nokusheshayo. Inhloso yama-subunits okuhlola kwakuwukubona isitha nendawo yamayunithi aso, ukukhomba amaphuzu abuthakathaka kwezokuvikela, ukuphinda kubhekwe amaphuzu aqinile okuzivikela nokuwela. Ukucutshungulwa komhlabathi kwenezelwe wukuhlola emoyeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi bemisebenzi yama-subunits ahlanganisa ukubhujiswa kwezithiyo zokulwa nesitha, ukumboza izinhlangothi zamayunithi abo, kanye nokuphishekela isitha. Izindlela zokufeza lezi zinhloso bekungamathangi okuhlola, izimoto zezikhali, kanye nokugada ngezithuthuthu. Izimoto ezihlomile zahlukaniswa zaba ezisindayo, ezine-undercarriage enamasondo ayisithupha noma ayisishiyagalombili, nezilula, ezazinenqola enamasondo amane kanye nesisindo sokulwa esingafika ku-6000 kg. Izimoto ezihlomile ezilula eziyinhloko (leichte Panzerspaehrxvagen) bekuyi-Sd.Kfz.221, Sd.Kfz.222. Izingxenye ze-Wehrmacht kanye ne-SS ziphinde zasebenzisa izimoto ezihlomile ezazithunjwe ngesikhathi somkhankaso waseFrance eNyakatho Afrika, eMpumalanga Front futhi zathathwa e-Italy ngemuva kokunikezela kwebutho lase-Italy ngo-1943. Cishe kanyekanye ne-Sd.Kfz.221, kwadalwa enye imoto ehlomile, okwakuwukuthuthukiswa kwayo okwengeziwe. Le phrojekthi idalwe ngu-Westerhuette AG, imboni ye-F.Schichau e-Elblag (Elbing) kanye ne-Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen Hannover (MNH) e-Hannover. (Bheka futhi “Isithwali se-Medium armored personnel “Special vehicle 251”) Sd.Kfz. 13 I-Sd.Kfz.222 bekufanele ithole izikhali ezinamandla kakhulu, ukuyivumela ukuthi ilwe ngempumelelo ngisho namathangi esitha alula. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwesibhamu somshini we-MG-34 we-7,92 mm, i-caliber encane (eJalimane ebizwa ngokuthi izibhamu) 2 cm KWK30 20-mm caliber yafakwa emotweni yezikhali. Izikhali zazigcinwe embhoshongweni omusha, obanzi kakhulu onamacala ayishumi. Endizeni enezingqimba, isibhamu sasinomkhakha wokudubula oyisiyingi, futhi i-declination / elevation angle yayingu-7g ... + 80g, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudubula kokubili emhlabathini nasemoyeni. Imoto yezikhali Sd.Kfz. 221 Ngomhla zingama-20 kuMbasa, 1940, u-Heereswaffenamt wayala inkampani yaseBerlin i-Appel kanye nefekthri ye-F.Schichau e-Elbloig ukuthi bakhe inqola entsha yesibhamu esingu-2 cm KwK38 esingu-20 mm wezinga, okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunikeza isibhamu i-engeli yokuphakama ukusuka ku-4. kuya ku +87 degrees. Inqola entsha, ebizwa ngokuthi "Hangelafette" 38. kamuva yasetshenziswa ngaphezu kwe-Sd.Kfz.222 kwezinye izimoto ezihlomile, okuhlanganisa nemoto ye-armored Sd.Kfz.234 kanye nethangi lokuhlola "Aufklaerungspanzer" 38 (t). Imoto yezikhali Sd.Kfz. 222 I-turret yemoto yezikhali yayivuliwe phezulu, ngakho esikhundleni sophahla yayinohlaka lwensimbi olunezintambo zocingo phezu kwalo. Uhlaka lwalunamahenjisi, ukuze inetha liphakanyiswe noma lehliswe phakathi nempi. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka ukuhlehlisa inetha lapho udubula ezindaweni ezihlosiwe zomoya endaweni ephakeme engaphezu kwama-+20 degrees. Zonke izimoto ezihlomile bezifakwe i-TZF Za optical sights, kanti ezinye zezimoto bezifakwe i-Fliegervisier 38 sights, okwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukudubula ezindizeni. I-cannon kanye nesibhamu somshini kwakunenhlamvu kagesi, ehlukene ngohlobo ngalunye lwesikhali. Ukukhomba isibhamu endaweni ehlosiwe nokuzungeza umbhoshongo kwakwenziwa mathupha. Imoto yezikhali Sd.Kfz. 222 Ngo-1941, ochungechungeni kwethulwa i-chassis eguquliwe, ebizwa ngokuthi "Horch" 801/V, ifakwe injini ethuthukisiwe ene-3800 cm2 namandla angu-59.6 kW / 81 hp. Emishinini ekhishwe kamuva, injini yakhushulwa yaba ngu-67kW / 90 hp. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chassis entsha yayinezinhlelo ezintsha zezobuchwepheshe ezingu-36, okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo amabhuleki e-hydraulic. Izimoto ezine-chassis entsha ye-“Horch” 801/V zithole igama elithi Ausf.B, futhi izimoto ezine-“Horch” 801/EG I chassis endala zithole igama elithi Ausf.A. Ngo-May 1941, izikhali zangaphambili zaqiniswa, ziletha ukushuba kwawo ku-30 ​​mm. I-armored hull iqukethe izici ezilandelayo: - izikhali zangaphambili. - izikhali eziqinile. - izikhali zangaphambili ezithambekile zomumo ongunxande. - izikhali zangemuva ezishelelayo. - amasondo okubhuka. – igridi. - ithangi lamafutha. - i-partition ene-open ye-iodine fan. - amaphiko. - phansi. - isihlalo somshayeli. - iphaneli yezinsimbi. - umbhoshongo ojikelezayo we-poly. - i-armored turret. I-hull i-welded kusuka kumapuleti ezikhali ezigoqiwe, ama-seams ashiselwe amelana nokushaywa kwezinhlamvu. Amapuleti ezikhali afakwe nge-engeli ukuze acasule i-ricochet yezinhlamvu ne-shrapnel. Izikhali azikwazi ukushaya izinhlamvu zesibhamu nge-engeli yokuhlangana engu-90 degrees. Iqembu lemoto linabantu ababili: umkhuzi / umdubuli womshini kanye nomshayeli. Izikhali zangaphambili. Izikhali zangaphambili zimboza indawo yokusebenza yomshayeli nendawo yokulwa. Amapuleti ezikhali amathathu ashiselwe ukunikeza indawo eyanele ukuze umshayeli asebenze. Epuleti lezikhali elingaphezulu elingaphambili kunembobo yebhlokhi yokubuka ene-slot yokubuka. I-slit yokubuka itholakala ezingeni lamehlo omshayeli. Ama-slits okubona nawo ayatholakala emapuletini ezikhali angaphambili esikhumba. Ikhava yokuhlola imboza evuleka phezulu futhi ingalungiswa endaweni eyodwa yezindawo ezimbalwa. Amaphethelo ama-hatches enziwe aphumele ngaphandle, aklanyelwe ukunikeza i-ricochet eyengeziwe yezinhlamvu. Imishini yokuhlola yenziwe ngengilazi engangenwa izinhlamvu. Amabhulokhi abonisa ngale okuhlola afakwe kumaphedi enjoloba ukuze amunce ukushaqeka. Kusukela ngaphakathi, amabhande enjoloba noma esikhumba afakwe ngaphezu kwamabhuloki okubuka. I-hatch ngayinye ifakwe ingidi yangaphakathi. Ngaphandle, izingidi zivulwa ngokhiye okhethekile. Izikhali zangemuva. Amapuleti ezikhali angemuva amboza injini nesistimu yokupholisa. Kunezimbobo ezimbili kumaphaneli amabili angemuva. Imbobo engenhla ivalwe i-hatch yokungena enjini, ephansi ihloselwe ukungena komoya ohlelweni lokupholisa injini futhi izivalo zivaliwe futhi umoya oshisayo okhipha umoya uyakhishwa. Izinhlangothi ze-hull yangemuva nazo zinezimbobo zokungena enjinini.Ingaphambili nengemuva le-hull linamathiselwe ku-chassis frame. Ukubhukha isondo. Ama-suspension wheels angaphambili nangemuva avikelwe ngamakepisi akhishwayo, afakwa ngamabhowuthi. I-Lattice. Ukuze uvikeleke kumabhomu esandla, i-grill yensimbi eshiselwe ifakwa ngemuva komshini. Ingxenye ye-lattice iyagoqwa, yenze uhlobo lwe-hatch yomyali. Amathangi kaphethiloli. Amathangi kaphethiloli amabili angaphakathi afakwa ngqo ngemuva kwe-bulkhead eduze kwenjini phakathi kwamapuleti ezikhali angemuva nangaphezulu. Umthamo wamathangi amabili usuwonke ungamalitha ayi-110. Amathangi axhunywe kubakaki anamaphedi abamba ukushaqeka. Baffle kanye fan. Igumbi lokulwa lihlukaniswa negumbi lenjini ngokuhlukaniswa, okunamathiselwe ngezansi kanye ne-armored hull. Kwenziwa imbobo ekwahlukaniseni eduze kwendawo lapho i-radiator yenjini ifakwe khona. I-radiator imbozwe nge-mesh yensimbi. Engxenyeni engezansi yokuhlukanisa kukhona imbobo ye-valve yesistimu ye-fuel, evalwa nge-valve. Kukhona nembobo ye-radiator. Ifeni inikeza ukupholisa okuphumelelayo kwerediyetha emazingeni okushisa akhona afika ku-+30 degrees Celsius. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kurediyetha lilawulwa ngokushintsha ukugeleza komoya opholile kuwo. Kunconywa ukugcina izinga lokushisa elipholile ngaphakathi kwama-80 - 85 degrees Celsius. Amaphiko. Ama-fenders anesitembu seshidi lensimbi. Ama-racks wemithwalo ahlanganiswe kuma-fenders angaphambili, angavalwa ngokhiye. Ama-anti-slip strips enziwa kuma-fender angemuva. UPawulu. Iphansi lakhiwe ngamashidi ensimbi ahlukene, indawo engaphezulu embozwe ngephethini emise okwedayimane ukuze kwandiswe ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezicathulo zabasebenzi bemoto yezikhali kanye nephansi. Ku-flooring, ama-cutouts enzelwe izinduku zokulawula, ama-cutouts avaliwe ngesembozo kanye nama-gaskets avimbela uthuli lomgwaqo ukuba lungene endaweni yokulwa. Isihlalo somshayeli. Isihlalo somshayeli siwuhlaka lwensimbi kanye ne-backrest edidiyelwe kanye nesihlalo. Uhlaka luboshelwe ku-marshmallow yaphansi. Kwenziwa amasethi amaningana ezimbobo phansi, okwenza isihlalo sinyakaze uma siqhathaniswa naphansi ukuze umshayeli akhululeke. I-backrest iyakwazi ukutsheka. Iphaneli yezinsimbi. Ideshibhodi iqukethe amadivaysi okulawula kanye namaswishi okuguqula esistimu kagesi. Iphaneli yensimbi ifakwe kuphedi yomcamelo. Ibhulokhi elinamaswishi emishini yokukhanyisa linamathiselwe kukholamu yokuqondisa. Izinguqulo zemoto yezikhali Kwakukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zemoto ehlomile ene-cannon engu-20 mm othomathikhi, ehlukile ngohlobo lwesibhamu sokudubula. Enguqulweni yokuqala, isibhamu esingu-2 cm KwK30 safakwa, enguqulweni yakamuva - 2 cm KwK38. Izikhali ezinamandla kanye nenani elimangalisayo lezinhlamvu kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa lezi zimoto ezihlomile hhayi nje ukuthola ulwazi, kodwa njengendlela yokuphelezela nokuvikela izimoto zomsakazo. Ngo-Ephreli 20, 1940, abamele i-Wehrmacht basayina inkontileka nenkampani ye-Eppel evela edolobheni laseBerlin kanye nenkampani F. Shihau edolobheni lase-Elbing, ehlinzeka ngokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yokufaka i-2 cm "Hangelafette" 38. isibhamu i-turret emotweni ehlomile, eklanyelwe ukudubula ezindaweni ezihlosiwe zomoya. Ukufakwa kwezikhali ezintsha ze-turret nezikhali kwandisa isisindo semoto yezikhali kuya ku-5000 kg, okwaholela ekulayisheni ngokweqile kwe-chassis. I-chassis nenjini kuhlale kufana nenguqulo yokuqala yemoto ye-armored Sd.Kfz.222. Ukufakwa kwesibhamu kwaphoqelela abaklami ukuba bashintshe i-superstructure ye-hull, futhi ukwanda kwabasebenzi kubantu abathathu kwaholela ekushintsheni kwendawo yemishini yokubuka. Bashintsha nomklamo wamanetha ayemboze umbhoshongo ovela phezulu. Imibhalo esemthethweni yemoto yahlanganiswa ngu-Eiserwerk Weserhütte, kodwa izimoto ezihlomile zakhiwa ngu-F. U-Schiehau ovela kwa-Edbing kanye no-Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen wase-Hannover. Thumela. Ekupheleni kuka-1938, iJalimane yathengisa izimoto ezingu-18 Sd.Kfz.221 nezingu-12 Sd.Kfz.222 e-China. Izimoto zezikhali zamaShayina i-Sd.Kfz.221/222 zisetshenziswe ezimpini namaJapane. AmaShayina aphinde ahlomisa izimoto ezimbalwa ngokufaka inganono ye-Hotchkiss engu-37-mm endaweni yokusika i-turret. Phakathi nempi, izimoto ezingu-20 zezikhali Sd.Kfz.221 kanye ne-Sd.Kfz.222 zamukelwa ibutho laseBulgaria. Le mishini yasetshenziswa ezenzweni zokujezisa abasekeli bakaTito, futhi ngo-1944-1945 ezimpini namaJalimane endaweni yaseYugoslavia. I-Hungary ne-Austria. Intengo yemoto eyodwa yezikhali Sd.Kfz.222 ngaphandle kwezikhali yayingu-19600 Reichsmarks. Imishini engama-989 yakhiwe. Izici zokusebenza Ukulwa nesisindo I-4,8 T Ubukhulu: isikhathi 4800 mm ububanzi 1950 mm ukuphakama 2000 mm Abadlali Umuntu we-3 Impi 1x20 mm othomathikhi inganono 1x1,92 mm isibhamu somshini Izinhlamvu 1040 amagobolondo 660 imizuliswano Ukubhuka: ingquza ebunzini 8 mm umbhoshongo ebunzini 8 mm uhlobo lwenjini carburetor Amandla aphezulu 75 h.p. Максимальная скорость I-80 km / h Ukugcina amandla 300 km Imithombo: P. Chamberlain, HL Doyle. I-Encyclopedia yamathangi aseJalimane eMpi Yezwe Yesibili; M. B. Baryatinsky. Izimoto ezihlomile ze-Wehrmacht. (Iqoqo lezikhali No. 1 (70) - 2007); G.L. Kholyavsky "The Complete Encyclopedia of Tanks World 1915 - 2000"; Umthethonqubo H.Dv. 299 / 5e, iziqondiso ukuqeqeshwa amasosha fast, incwajana 5e, Ukuqeqeshwa on the light armored scout imoto (2 cm Kw. K 30) (Sd.Kfz. 222); Alexander Lüdeke Izikhali zeMpi Yezwe II.