Iselula ekhanyayo

Ukwazi isimiso sokwakha injini ye-Stirling nokuba namabhokisi amaningana okugcoba, izingcezu zocingo kanye negilavu ekwazi ukulahlwa noma isilinda ekuhlinzekeni kwethu kwasekhaya, singaba abanikazi bemodeli yedeskithophu esebenzayo.

1. Imodeli yenjini inikwa amandla ukushisa kwetiye elishisayo

Sizosebenzisa ukushisa kwetiye elishisayo noma ikhofi engilazini ukuze siqale le njini. Noma i-heater yesiphuzo ekhethekile, exhunywe kukhompuyutha esisebenza kuyo sisebenzisa isixhumi se-USB. Kunoma yikuphi, ukuhlanganisa iselula kuzosinika injabulo enkulu, uma iqala ukusebenza ngokuthula, iphendulela i-flywheel yesiliva. Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuzwakala kukhuthaza ngokwanele ukuthi uqalise ngokushesha.

Ukwakhiwa kwenjini. Igesi elisebenzayo, noma esimweni sethu somoya, liyashiswa ngaphansi kwepiston yokuxuba enkulu. Umoya oshisayo uba nokwanda kwengcindezi bese uphusha i-piston esebenzayo phezulu, idlulisele amandla ayo kuyo. Aphenduke kanye kanye i-crankshaft. I-piston ibe isihambisa igesi esebenzayo endaweni yokupholisa ngaphezu kwepiston, lapho umthamo wegesi uncishiswa ukuze kuhoxiswe ipiston esebenzayo. Umoya ugcwalisa indawo yokusebenza egcina ibhaluni, futhi i-crankshaft iyaqhubeka nokujikeleza, iqhutshwa ingalo ye-crank yesibili ye-piston encane. Amapiston axhunywe i-crankshaft ngendlela yokuthi ipiston kusilinda esishisayo ibe ngaphambi kwepiston kusilinda esibandayo nge-1/4 stroke. Kuboniswa kuFig. 1.

Injini ye-Stirling ikhiqiza amandla emishini isebenzisa ukuhluka kwezinga lokushisa. Imodeli yefekthri ikhiqiza umsindo omncane kune-steam noma izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi. Ayidingi ama-flywheels amakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukujikeleza okushelelayo. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zayo azizange zibe ngaphezu kokubi, futhi ekugcineni azizange zisabalele njengamamodeli we-steam. Esikhathini esidlule, izinjini ze-Stirling zazisetshenziselwa ukumpompa amanzi futhi ziqhube izikebhe ezincane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zathathelwa indawo izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi namamotho kagesi athembekile, ayedinga ugesi kuphela ukuze usebenze.

Izinto zokwakha: amabhokisi amabili, isibonelo, amafutha ehhashi, 80 mm ukuphakama no-100 mm ububanzi (okulingana noma ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kobukhulu obufanayo), ithubhu lamaphilisi e-multivitamin, i-rubber noma i-silicone iglavu elahlayo, i-styrodur noma i-polystyrene, i-tetric, i.e. I-clamp yepulasitiki eguquguqukayo ene-rack kanye ne-pinion mechanism, amapuleti amathathu avela kudiski yekhompiyutha endala, ucingo olunobubanzi obungu-1,5 noma 2 mm, ukufakwa kwe-heat-shrink nenani lokushwabana elihambisana nobubanzi bocingo, amantongomane amabhokisi obisi amane noma okufanayo (2).

2. Izinto zokuhlanganisa imodeli

3. I-Styrodur into ekhethelwe i-plunger.

Amathuluzi: isibhamu seglue esishisayo, ingcina yemilingo, amapliers, izintambo ezinembayo zokugoba impintshisi, ummese, i-dremel enecwecwe lokusika lensimbi kanye namathiphu omshini wokwenza izinto ngokunemba, ukusaha, ukuseha isihlabathi nokubhoboza. I-drill on stand, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthi i-perpendicularity edingekayo yemigodi maqondana nobuso be-piston, kanye ne-vice, nayo izoba usizo.

4. Imbobo yephini kufanele ibe yi-perpendicular ebusweni be-piston yesikhathi esizayo.

5. Iphinikhodi ilinganiswa futhi ifinyezwe ubukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo, i.e. ukuphakama kwepiston

Izindlu zenjini - futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo isilinda lapho i-piston yokuxuba isebenza khona - sizokwenza ibhokisi elikhulu 80 mm ukuphakama no-100 mm ububanzi. Usebenzisa i-Dremel kanye ne-drill bit, yenza imbobo phakathi nendawo engaphansi kwebhokisi enobubanzi obungu-1,5 mm noma obufana nobubanzi bocingo lwakho. Kungumqondo omuhle ukwenza umgodi, isibonelo usebenzisa umlenze wekhampasi, ngaphambi kokubhoboza, okuzokwenza kube lula ukubhoboza ngokunembile. Beka ithubhu lephilisi endaweni engezansi, ngokulinganayo phakathi konqenqema nendawo, bese udweba indilinga ngomaka. Sinquma nge-Dremel nge-cutting disc, bese siyibushelela nge-sandpaper ku-roller.

6. Yifake emgodini

7. Sika isiyingi sepiston ngommese noma ibhola

Piston. Kwenziwe nge-styrodur noma i-polystyrene. Nokho, into yokuqala, eqinile futhi enegwebu (3) ifaneleka kangcono. Siyisika ngommese noma i-hacksaw, ngesimo sendilinga esikhudlwana kunobubanzi bebhokisi lethu lokugcoba. Maphakathi nendilinga sibhoboza imbobo enobubanzi obuyi-8 mm, njengephini lefenisha. Imbobo kumele ibhobozwe ncamashí i-perpendicular ebusweni bepuleti ngakho-ke kufanele sisebenzise i-drill esisekelweni (4). Usebenzisa i-Vicol noma iglue yomlingo, namathisela iphinikhodi yefenisha (5, 6) emgodini. Kumele iqale ifushaniswe ilingane nobukhulu bepiston. Uma i-glue isomile, faka umlenze wekhampasi phakathi nendawo yephini bese uyisebenzisela ukudweba umbuthano ngobubanzi be-cylinder, i.e. ibhokisi lethu lamafutha okugcoba (7). Endaweni lapho sesivele sinesikhungo esimakiwe, sibhoboza imbobo enobubanzi obuyi-1,5 mm. Lapha kufanele futhi usebenzise i-drill yetafula ku-tripod (8). Ekugcineni, isikhonkwane esilula esinobubanzi obungu-1,5 mm sishayelwa ngokucophelela emgodini. Lokhu kuzoba i-eksisi yokujikeleza ngoba i-piston yethu kufanele igingqike ngokunembile. Sebenzisa udlawu ukuze unqamule ikhanda elingaphezu kwesipikili esikhandwe ngesando. Sinamathisela i-axle ngezinto zethu ze-plunger ku-drill chuck noma i-Dremel. Isivinini esivuliwe akufanele sibe phezulu kakhulu. I-styrodur ejikelezayo iqala ukugaywa ngokucophelela nge-sandpaper emahhadla. Kumelwe siyinike umumo oyindilinga (9). Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela, sisebenzisa iphepha elincanyana, sifinyelela usayizi wepiston olingana ngaphakathi kwebhokisi, i.e. isilinda injini (10).

8. Gcoba imbobo ephinini lenduku yepiston

9. I-plunger efakwe ku-drill icutshungulwa nge-sandpaper

Isilinda esisebenzayo sesibili. Lona uzoba mncane, futhi indima yesilinda izodlalwa ulwelwesi olwenziwe ngegilavu noma ibhaluni lerabha. Sika ucezu oluyi-35 mm ubude kusuka eshubhu le-multivitamin. Lesi sakhi sinamathiselwe ngokuqinile endlini yenjini ngaphezu komgodi osikiwe kusetshenziswa iglue eshisayo.

10. Ipiston eyenziwe ngomshini kufanele ilingane nesilinda

Ukusekelwa kwe-Crankshaft. Sizokwenza kusuka kwelinye ibhokisi lokugcoba elinosayizi ofanayo. Ake siqale ngokusika isifanekiso ephepheni. Sizoyisebenzisa ukukhombisa indawo yemigodi lapho i-crankshaft izojikeleza khona. Dweba isifanekiso ebhokisini lokugcoba ngomaka omncane ongangeni manzi (11, 12). Ukuma kwezimbobo kubalulekile futhi kufanele zibhekane ncamashi. Usebenzisa i-Dremel enesondo lokusika, sika ukwakheka kwesisekelo eceleni kwebhokisi. Phansi sisika isiyingi esinobubanzi obungu-10 mm obuncane kunobuphansi. Konke kucutshungulwa ngokucophelela nge-sandpaper. Namathisela ukwesekwa okuqediwe phezulu kwesilinda (13, 14).

13. Nakekela ukuqina okuphelele lapho unamathisela isilinda

I-Crankshaft. Sizoyigoba kusuka ku-wire 2 mm ubukhulu. Ukuma kokugoba kungabonakala kuMfanekiso 1. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-crank encane ye-shaft yakha i-engeli engakwesokudla kuya ku-crank enkulu (16-19). Yilokho inguquko yokuqala eyi-XNUMX/XNUMX eyikho.

15. Izakhi zokubopha ze-elastic

Flywheel. Yakhiwe ngamadiski amathathu esiliva asuka kudiski elidala elihlakaziwe (21). Sibeka ama-disc esivalweni sebhokisi lobisi, sikhetha ububanzi bawo. Phakathi nendawo sibhoboza imbobo enobubanzi obungu-1,5 mm, esike samaka isikhungo ngomlenze wekhampasi. Ukumba isikhungo kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwemodeli. Ikepisi lesibili, elifanayo kodwa elikhudlwana, nalo elibhojwe phakathi nendawo, linamathiselwe ngeglue eshisayo phezu kwediski ye-flywheel. Ngiphakamisa ukuthi ufake ucezu lwentambo kuzo zombili izimbobo kumapulaki futhi uqiniseke ukuthi le eksisi i-perpendicular ebusweni besondo. Lapho i-gluing, i-glue eshisayo izosinika isikhathi sokwenza izinguquko ezidingekayo.

16. I-crankshaft ne-crank

18. I-crankshaft nama-crank omshini

19. Ukufakwa kwegobolondo elinwebekayo nge-crank

Ukuhlanganiswa kwemodeli kanye nokuthunywa (20). Namathisela ucezu lwe-multivitamin tube engu-35mm emoyeni ongaphezulu. Lokhu kuzoba isilinda sesigqila. Namathisela ukusekela shaft emzimbeni. Beka i-cylinder crank kanye nezingxenye zokushisa kwe-heat shrink insulation ku-crankshaft. Faka ipiston kusuka ngezansi, finyeza induku yayo ephumele ngaphandle bese uyixhuma ku-crank usebenzisa ishubhu elivikela ukushisa. I-piston rod esebenza emzimbeni womshini ivalwe ngesigcobo. Sibeka izingcezu ezimfushane ze-insulation ezincibilikayo ku-crankshaft. Uma kushisa, umsebenzi wabo ukugcina ama-crank esendaweni efanele ku-crankshaft. Ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, zizobavimbela ekusheleleni eduze kwe-shaft. Beka isivalo ngaphansi kwendlu. Usebenzisa iglue, vikela i-flywheel ku-crankshaft. Isilinda esisebenzayo sivalwa ngokukhululekile ulwelwesi ngesibambo socingo esinamathiselwe. Namathisela i-diaphragm engalayishiwe phezulu (22) usebenzisa induku. I-crank yesilinda esisebenzayo, ezungeza i-crankshaft, kufanele iphakamise ngokukhululekile irabha endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yokuzungezisa shaft. I-shaft kufanele ijikeleze ngokushelela futhi kalula ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi izakhi ezixhumene zemodeli zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zijikeleze i-flywheel. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-shaft sibeka - ukulungisa nge-glue eshisayo - ipulaki eyodwa noma amabili asele avela kumakhathoni obisi.

Ngemuva kokulungiswa okudingekayo (23) nokuqeda ukumelana nokungqubuzana okweqile, injini yethu isilungile. Beka ingilazi yetiye elishisayo. Ukushisa kwayo kufanele kube okwanele ukushisa umoya ekamelweni eliphansi futhi wenze imodeli ihambe. Ngemva kokulinda umoya ku-cylinder ukuba ufudumale, siphendulela i-flywheel. Imoto kufanele iqale ukuhamba. Uma injini ingaqali, kuzodingeka silungise size siphumelele. Imodeli yethu yenjini ye-Stirling ayisebenzi kahle, kodwa isebenza ngokwanele ukusinikeza ubumnandi obuningi.

22. I-diaphragm ixhunywe kwikhamera kusetshenziswa induku.

23. Imithetho ehambisanayo ilindele ukuthi imodeli ilungele.