Isibhakela sikaMussolini. Amathangi oMbuso wase-Italy ngo-1917-1945
Isixhumanisi esilandelayo ekuthuthukisweni kwamathangi aphakathi kwe-Italian kwakuyi-M14/41, imoto yase-Italy enkulu kunazo zonke (amayunithi angu-895) esigabeni sayo.
Amasosha aphansi ase-Italy eMpi Yezwe II akhunjulwa njengabafana abashaya ngesiswebhu kuma-Allies, abasindiswa kuphela yi-German Afrika Korps. Lo mbono awufaneleki ngokuphelele, njengoba ukuntuleka kwempumelelo kwathonywa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngabasebenzi abampofu bokuyala, izinkinga zokuthutha, futhi ekugcineni, imishini eyivelakancane futhi ayiyona yesimanje, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-armored.
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, ibutho lase-Italy alizange lenze okuningi ngaphambili kwe-Alpine. Waba nempumelelo ethile phezu kwebutho le-Austro-Hungarian, kodwa kuphela ngokuheha amabutho abalulekile okugcina kwezinye izinhlangothi. Kodwa-ke, babefika njalo ngezindleko zokulahlekelwa okukhulu (ingasaphathwa eyokunqotshwa okwenzeka futhi), ngisho nasempini yokugcina enkulu yaseVittorio Veneto ngo-Okthoba 24 - Novemba 3, 1918, lapho amaNtaliyane (ngokusekela ezinye izifunda ze-Entente) zilahlekelwe abantu abacishe babe ngama-40 XNUMX. Abantu.
Lesi simo sithi sifuze izenzo zaseWestern Front, lapho impi yemisele yayiqhubeka khona. Empumalanga yeFrance, amaqhinga okungena eJalimane ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye namakhulu amathangi aseBrithani nawaseFulentshi ngakolunye, asize ukumisa umnqamulajuqu. Nokho, ngaphambi kwe-Alpine, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwakunzima, ngoba izimpi zazilwelwa ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, emithambekeni, eziqongweni nasezindleleni eziwumngcingo. Imizamo yokwakha ithangi labo yenziwe kusukela ngo-1915, kodwa iziphakamiso zezimboni ezifana nethangi elisinda kakhulu i-Fortino Mobile Tipo Pesante zanqatshwa njalo nguMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-Italy. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kuka-1917, ithangi lesiFulentshi elithi Schneider CA 1 latholwa, ngenxa yemizamo kaCaptain C. Alfredo Bennicelli. Imboni yase-Italy nayo yazama ukwakha ithangi layo, okwaholela ekuhlulekeni kwe-FIAT 2000, iphrojekthi esindayo ye-Testuggine Corazzata Ansaldo Turrinelli Modello I kanye ne-Modello II (eyakamuva kumayunithi amane alandelelwe!) . Izivivinyo eziphumelele ze-CA 1 zaholela ekukhishweni kwe-oda lama-Schneider angu-20 kanye namathangi okukhanya ayi-100 e-Renault FT ekwindla ka-1917, kodwa lo myalo wakhanselwa ngenxa yokwehluleka e-Battle of Caporetto (elwa eMfuleni i-Piava). Kodwa-ke, ngoMeyi 1918, i-Italy yathola elinye ithangi le-CA 1 kanye namathangi amaningana, cishe amathathu e-FT, lapho ibutho lokuqala lokuhlola nokuqeqeshwa kwezempi lase-Italy lakhiwa ehlobo lika-1918: Reparto speciale di marcia carri d'assalto. (Iyunithi ekhethekile yezimoto zokulwa). ; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-CA 1 yathathelwa indawo yi-FIAT 2000). Ngokushintshana, isivumelwano selayisense sasayinwa phakathi kwezimboni ze-Renault ne-FIAT zokukhiqiza amathangi angu-1400 FT, kodwa ekupheleni kwempi kwathunyelwa ikhophi eyodwa kuphela (ngokweminye imibiko, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yephutha lamaFulentshi yehlulekile ukusekela ukuqala kokukhiqiza; ngokweminye imithombo, amaNtaliyane agxile kuphrojekthi yawo futhi ayishiya i-FT). Ukuphela kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kwaphawula ukuphela kwenkathi yokuqala
ukuthuthukiswa kwamathangi ase-Italy.
Izakhiwo zokuqala zase-Italy ezihlomile
AmaNtaliyane aba nesithakazelo endabeni yokuthola "indawo yokukhosela" ehambayo, okwakufanele isekele izinsana ezihlasela imisele ngomlilo. Ngo-1915-1916, kwaqala ukulungiswa kwemiklamo eminingana. Kodwa-ke, ukudonsa kwesibungu kwakungesona isisombululo esisobala kuwo wonke umuntu - ngakho-ke, isibonelo, i-cap "tank". U-Luigi Guzalego, i-artillery ngomsebenzi, unjiniyela oshisekayo. Uhlongoze ukuklanywa komshini wokuhamba, lapho uhlelo lokugijima (kunzima ukukhuluma ngegiya eligijima) lwaluhlanganisa amapheya amabili e-skis ahamba ngokuhambisana. Umkhumbi ngokwawo wawunezigaba ezimbili; engxenyeni engezansi, ukufakwa kweyunithi yokushayela kunikezwa, engxenyeni engenhla - indawo yokulwa kanye "nezibambo" ezibeka i-skis ukunyakaza.
Ngisho ne-crazier kwakuyiphrojekthi ye-eng. UCarlo Pomilio kusukela ngo-1918. Uhlongoze imoto yezikhali esekelwe ... isakhiwo esimaphakathi esiyisilinda esihlalisa injini, abasebenzi kanye negumbi lezikhali (izibhamu ezimbili ezilula ezibekwe ezinhlangothini zesilinda). Kwakukhona i-casing ezungeze isilinda eyayixhuma zonke ezinye izakhi kuyo, futhi kwakukhona amasondo amabili amancane (amasilinda) ngemuva nangaphambili, okwenza ngcono ukuqina komgwaqo.
Akubona bonke onjiniyela base-Italy ababengabokuqala. Ngo-1916, unjiniyela we-Ansaldo u-Turnelli wethula i-Testuggine Corazzata Ansaldo Turinelli (i-Modello I) (ephethwe yi-Turinelli Model I Armored Turtle). Kwakufanele ibe nesisindo esingamathani angama-20 (mhlawumbe amathani angaba ngu-40 uma isetshenziswa), ubude obungamamitha angu-8 (uhlaka 7,02), ububanzi obuyi-4,65 m (igobolondo elingu-4,15) nobude obungamamitha angu-3,08 bunogqinsi lwama-50 mm, nezikhali - inganono engu-2 75-mm emibhoshongweni ejikelezayo ngaphambili nangemuva kwemoto, esophahleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ohlangothini ngalunye imoto yayinezintuba ezimbili zokuhlomisa abasebenzi (i-RKM, i-design Bureau, njll.). Amandla ayezohlinzekwa yizinjini ezimbili ze-200 hp carburetor. ngayinye, idlulisela amandla kumamotho kagesi e-Soller-Mangiapan, enza imisebenzi yedrayivu yangempela kanye nokudlulisela kumuntu oyedwa. Ukulengiswa bekufanele kube namapheya amabili ezinqola, ngalinye elivimbe amasondo omgwaqo amakhulu amabili ahamba ngokuhlanganyela, azungezwe amacimbi abanzi (800-900 mm!). Kwakuzofakwa izigubhu ezengeziwe ezihambayo ngaphambili nangemuva ukuze ziwele imisele. Iqembu bekufanele libe nabantu abangu-10.
