Izinsizwa eziqinile emaphethelweni esikhala
Ngokocwaningo, phakathi kokunye olwenziwa izazi ze-microbiology zase-American University of Maryland, i-stratosphere iyikhaya lama-extremophiles akwazi ukumelana nokubanda okudlulele kanye nokuqhuma kwamabhomu e-ultraviolet futhi amele umngcele okude kakhulu wezinto eziphilayo zasemhlabeni. Ososayensi bafuna ukwakha i-"Atlas of Stratospheric Microbes" ezobala amagciwane ahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme.
Izifundo zama-microorganisms ezingqimbeni ezingaphezulu zomkhathi ziye zenziwa kusukela ngawo-30. Elinye lamaphayona abo lalidumile Charles Lindberghowathi, kanye nomkakhe, bahlaziya amasampula omoya. Ithimba labo litholakale kubo phakathi kwabanye izinhlamvu ze-fungal kanye nezinhlamvu ze-pollen.
Ngawo-70 kwaqala ucwaningo lwebhayoloji ku-stratosphere, ikakhulukazi eYurophu naseSoviet Union. Ibhayoloji ye-Atmospheric okwamanje iyafundwa, kufaka phakathi iphrojekthi ye-NASA ebizwa PHEZULU (). Njengoba ososayensi bephawula, izimo ezimbi kakhulu ku-stratosphere Yomhlaba ziyefana nalezo ezisemkhathini we-Martian, ngakho ukufunda ukuphila kwe-stratospheric kungasiza ekuboneni "abafokazi" abahlukahlukene ngale kweplanethi yethu.
- - uthe engxoxweni ne "Astrobiology Magazine" Shiladitya DasSarma, isazi sezinto eziphilayo ezincane e-University of Maryland. .
Ngeshwa, azikho izinhlelo eziningi zocwaningo ezinikezelwe ezintweni eziphilayo ezisemkhathini. Kunezinkinga ngalokhu, ngoba ukuhlushwa kwama-microorganisms ngevolumu yeyunithi kuphansi kakhulu. Endaweni enzima, eyomile, ebandayo, ezimeni zomoya omncane kakhulu kanye nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, amagciwane kufanele athuthukise amasu okusinda okuyizimpawu zama-extremophile. Amagciwane kanye nesikhunta kuvame ukufela lapho, kodwa amanye aphila ngokudala izinhlamvu ezivikela izakhi zofuzo.
— — wyjaśnia DasSarma. —
Ama-ejensi asemkhathini, okuhlanganisa i-NASA, manje ayaqikelela ukuba angavezi amanye amazwe ezilwaneni ezincane zaseMhlabeni, ngakho kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuqapha ngaphambi kokwethula noma yini ku-orbit. Ezimweni eziningi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ama-microbes azosinda ekuqhumeni ngamabhomu ngemisebe ye-cosmic. Kodwa ama-stratospheric organisms akhombisa ukuthi amanye angakwenza. Yebo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukusinda akufani nokuchuma ekuphileni. Iqiniso lokuthi into ephilayo iphila emkhathini futhi, ngokwesibonelo, ifinyelela kuMars, akusho ukuthi iyokwazi ukukhula futhi izalane lapho.
Ingabe lokhu kunjalo ngempela Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa ngocwaningo olunemininingwane eminingi yezinto eziphilayo ze-stratospheric.
