Isakhiwo sendlela emibili nengxenye
Amasethi ezikhulisamsindo (izipikha) kudala asuselwa kumgomo wokuhlanganisa izikhulisa-zwi ezikhethekile ekucubunguleni izingxenye ezihlukene ze-acoustic spectrum. Ngakho-ke incazelo ebalulekile yalo mqondo we "isipikha", i.e. amaqembu ezikhulisazwi (ezihlukile) (iziguquli) ezihambisanayo futhi ezimboza umkhawulokudonsa obanzi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokuhlanekezela okuphansi.
Ishiya eceleni izipikha zesabelomali esiphansi noma ezingavamile, isipikha esilula kunazo zonke umyalo wamazwe amabili. Yaziwa ngamadizayini amaningi ama-rack-mount kanye nezipikha ezizimele ezikhululekile, ngokuvamile ihlanganisa umshayeli we-midrange ongu-12 kuya ku-20 cm ohlanganisa umkhawulokudonsa ofinyelela cishe ku-2-5 kHz, kanye ne-tweeter ekhuluma ngebanga elingaphezu kwalokho. kunqunywa ukuphambana kwezici (okuthiwa imvamisa ye-crossover). Incazelo yayo icabangela izici "zemvelo" kanye namakhono ezikhulumi ngazinye, kodwa ekugcineni ngokuvamile umphumela walokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-crossover kagesi, i.e. isethi yezihlungi - i-low-pass ye-midwoofer kanye ne-high-pass ye-tweeter.
Uhlelo olunjalo, enguqulweni eyisisekelo, ene-mid-woofer eyodwa kanye ne-tweeter eyodwa, usebenzisa izixazululo zesimanje, ikuvumela ukuba uzuze amandla amaningi nakakhulu kanye nesandiso esihle se-bass. Kodwa-ke, ukuphela kwayo kunqunywa yizimo ezibekwe kusipikha se-low-frequency. Usayizi walesi sipikha akufanele weqe umkhawulo wokucubungula okulungile kwamafrikhwensi amaphakathi (lapho isipikha sikhulu, yilapho sicubungula kangcono i-bass, futhi lapho sisingatha amaza aphakathi nendawo).
Ifuna esinye isakhiwo
Indlela yakudala yokuphuma kulo mkhawulo ukuhlelwa kwezingxenye ezintathuokuvumela ukuthi ukwandise ngokukhululekile ububanzi be-woofer, ngoba i-midrange idluliselwa komunye uchwepheshe - isikhulumi se-midrange.
Kodwa-ke, kunesinye isixazululo esinganweba kakhulu imingcele yekhono lohlelo lwamazwe amabili, ikakhulukazi ukukhulisa amandla nokusebenza kahle. Lokhu ukusetshenziswa kwama-midwoofers amabili (okuyiqiniso, okudinga ivolumu ephezulu ngokuhambisanayo, ngakho atholakala kuzikhulumi ezizimele). Idizayini ye-triple mid-woofer ayisasetshenziswa, ngenxa yoshintsho lwesigaba olubi kakhulu olungenzeka phakathi kwabashayeli abakude kakhulu, ngaphandle kwe-eksisi eyinhloko yomhlangano. Uhlelo olunama-midwoofers amabili (kanye ne-tweeter eyodwa), nakuba luqukethe ingqikithi yabashayeli abathathu, lusabizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezindlela ezimbili ngoba ibhande lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ngezihlungi; yindlela yokuhlunga, hhayi inombolo yezikhulumi, enquma "ukucaca".
Qonda indlela yesibili nengxenye
Isitatimende sokugcina sibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi sisebenza kanjani nokuthi singasichaza kanjani. uhlelo lweqabunga eliphindwe kabili. Isiqalo esihle kakhulu yisistimu yezindlela ezimbili esezichazwe kakade ezinama-mid-woofers amabili. Manje kwanele ukwethula ukuguqulwa okukodwa kuphela - ukuhlukanisa ukuhlunga okuphansi kwe-midwoofers, i.e. hlunga okukodwa okungaphansi, kububanzi bama-hertz angamakhulu ambalwa (okufana ne-woofer ohlelweni lwezindlela ezintathu), kanti enye ephakeme (efana nobubanzi obumaphakathi obuphansi ohlelweni lwezindlela ezimbili).
Njengoba sinezihlungi ezihlukene kanye nezigaba zazo zokusebenza, kungani ungabizi uhlelo olunjalo lwamabhendi amathathu?
Hhayi ngoba izikhulumi ngokwazo zingafana (futhi ngokuvamile, kodwa zikude njalo) zifane. Okokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi asebenza ndawonye ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamaza aphansi, okungeyona imvelo ohlelweni lwezindlela ezintathu. Kuhlelo olubili nengxenye, umkhawulokudonsa awuhlukaniswanga ngamabhande amathathu aphathwa "kuphela" ngabaguquli abathathu, kodwa "amabhande amabili nesigamu." "Umzila" ozimele uyindlela ye-tweeter, kuyilapho yonke enye i-mid-woofer iqhutshwa ngokwengxenye (i-bass) yizo zombili izikhulumi futhi ingxenye (maphakathi) yisipika esisodwa.
Phakathi kwezikhulumi ezinhlanu ezizimele ezivivinyweni kumagazini othi "Audio" eqenjini elimelela kahle uhla lwamanani e-PLN 2500-3000, uthole
kukhona ukwakhiwa kwezindlela ezintathu kuphela (okwesibili ukusuka kwesokudla). Okunye okubili nengxenye (eyokuqala neyesibili ukusuka kwesobunxele) kanye nezimbili, nakuba ukumiswa kwezipikha ngaphandle kungehlukile kwezimbili nengxenye. Umehluko onquma "i-patency" ilele ku-crossover kanye nendlela yokuhlunga.
Uhlelo olunjalo lunezici "ezisebenzayo" zesistimu yezindlela ezimbili, ezimbili-midwoofer, enenzuzo eyengeziwe (okungenani ngokombono wabaklami abaningi) yokukhawulela ukucutshungulwa kwe-midrange kumshayeli oyedwa. igwema inkinga eshiwo ngenhla yokushintsha kwezigaba. Kuliqiniso ukuthi njengoba ama-mids amabili esondelene, akumele abe makhulu, yingakho abanye abantu behlela uhlelo olulula lwezindlela ezimbili, ngisho nokusebenzisa ama-mids amabili.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kokubili nengxenye kanye nengxenye kanye ezimbili-indlela uhlelo, phezu midwoofers ezimbili ububanzi (inani), isibonelo, 18 cm (isixazululo esivame kakhulu), inendawo efanayo ulwelwesi endaweni. ububanzi befrikhwensi ephansi njengesipika esisodwa esinobubanzi obungu-25 cm (uhlelo olunendlela-ntathu olusekelwe kusipika esinjalo) . Yiqiniso, i-diaphragm surface ayanele, abashayeli abakhulu bavame ukukwazi ukwenza i-amplitude eyengeziwe kunamancane, okubuye kuthuthukise amakhono abo e-low-frequency (lapho ivolumu yomoya isipika "isingakwazi ukupompa" khona emjikelezweni owodwa, ibala. ). Nokho, ekugcineni, izikhulumi ezimbili zesimanje ezingu-18-intshi zingenza okuningi ngenkathi zisavumela ukwakheka kwekhabhinethi elincanyana kangangokuthi isisombululo esinjalo manje sephula amarekhodi okuduma futhi sikhipha imiklamo yezindlela ezintathu engxenyeni yesipikha esimaphakathi.
Uzibona kanjani izakhiwo
Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesistimu yezindlela ezimbili ezisebenzisa izinhlobo ezifanayo zabashayeli njengama-woofers kanye nabashayeli be-midrange, kanye nesistimu yezindlela ezimbili nge-pair of midrange-woofers. Ngezinye izikhathi, nokho, kuyacaca ukuthi sibhekene nesistimu yezindlela ezimbili - lapho umehluko phakathi kwezikhulumi ezimbili zibonakala ngaphandle, nakuba zinobubanzi obufanayo. Isipikha esisebenza njenge-woofer singase sibe nesivalo sothuli esikhulu (ukuqinisa isikhungo se-diaphragm). Isipikha sisebenza njenge-midwoofer kanye - ne-diaphragm elula, njll. isilungisi sesigaba esithuthukisa ukucutshungulwa kwamafrikhwensi aphakathi (ngokuhlukaniswa okunjalo kwezakhiwo, kungaba iphutha ukusebenzisa ukuhlunga okuvamile kanye nohlelo lwezindlela ezimbili). Kuyenzeka futhi, nakuba kungavamile, ukuthi i-woofer inkulu kancane kune-midwoofer (isibonelo, i-woofer ingu-18 cm, i-midwoofer ingu-15 cm). Kulesi simo, uhlelo luqala ukubukeka njengomklamo wezindlela ezintathu kusuka ngaphandle, futhi kuphela ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwama-crossovers (izihlungi) kusivumela ukuba sinqume ukuthi sibhekene nani.
Okokugcina, kukhona amasistimu "i-patency" yawo okunzima ukuchaza ngokucacilenaphezu kokwazi zonke izici zesakhiwo. Isibonelo isipikha, ekuqaleni esithathwa njengesikhulumi se-woofer-midrange ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesihlungi esisezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa asigcini nje ngokuba sincane, kodwa futhi sicubungula amaza aphansi kubi kakhulu kune-woofer ehambisana nawo, ngenxa yokuthi " predispositions" , kanye nendlela yokufaka isicelo ekhaya - isibonelo, ekamelweni elincane elivaliwe.
Futhi kungenzeka yini ukucabangela uhlelo lwezindlela ezintathu lapho i-midwoofer ingahlungiwe ngamafrikhwensi aphezulu, kodwa izici zayo ziyaphambana, ngisho nangemvamisa ephansi ye-crossover, enezici ze-woofer? Akuzona izindlela ezimbili nengxenye? Lokhu ukucatshangelwa kwezemfundo. Into eyinhloko ukuthi siyazi ukuthi i-topology yesistimu nezici zayo ziyini, nokuthi uhlelo lucushwe kahle ngandlela-thile.
