Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinye izikhulisi zomsindo

Ngezansi uzothola izincazelo zezinhlobo ngazinye zezikhulumi kanye nemakrofoni kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwazo ngokuya ngesimiso sokusebenza.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezipikha ngokuya ngesimiso sokusebenza.

I-Magnetoelectric (ashukumisayo) - umqhubi (ikhoyili kazibuthe), lapho kugeleza khona amandla kagesi, ibekwe endaweni yamagnetic yamagnetic. Ukusebenzisana kukazibuthe kanye nomqhubi onamanje kubangela ukunyakaza komqhubi lapho ulwelwesi lufakwe khona. Ikhoyili ixhunywe ngokuqinile ku-diaphragm, futhi konke lokhu kulenga ngendlela yokuqinisekisa ukunyakaza kwe-axial kwekhoyili esikhaleni sikazibuthe ngaphandle kokungqubuzana nozibuthe.

i-electromagnetic - Ukugeleza kwamanje kwe-acoustic frequency kudala inkambu kazibuthe eshintshanayo. Idonsa umgogodla we-ferromagnetic oxhunywe ku-diaphragm uzibuthe, futhi ukukhanga nokunyanyiswa komnyombo kubangela ukuthi i-diaphragm idlidlize.

I-Electrostatic - i-membrane efakwe ugesi eyenziwe nge-foil encane - ene-metal layer efakwe ohlangothini olulodwa noma zombili izinhlangothi noma i-electret - ithintwa ama-electrede amabili anezimbobo atholakala nhlangothi zombili ze-foil (kwenye i-electrode, isigaba sesiginali siphenduka ama-degree angama-180 inhlonipho komunye), ngenxa yalokho Ifilimu idlidliza ngesikhathi nesignali.

i-magnetostrictive - insimu kazibuthe ibangela ushintsho kubukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo ze-ferromagnetic (i-magnetostrictive phenomenon). Ngenxa yamafrikhwensi aphezulu emvelo wezakhi ze-ferromagnetic, lolu hlobo lwesipika sisetshenziswa ukwenza i-ultrasound.

I-Piezoelectric - inkambu kagesi ibangela ushintsho kubukhulu bempahla ye-piezoelectric; esetshenziswa kuma-tweeters namadivayisi we-ultrasonic.

I-Ionic (okungenama-membrane) - uhlobo lwesikhulumi esingenalutho lapho umsebenzi we-diaphragm wenziwa i-arc kagesi ekhiqiza i-plasma.

Izinhlobo zamakrofoni

I-Acid - inaliti exhunywe ku-diaphragm ihamba nge-asidi ehlanjululwe. Ukuthintana (ikhabhoni) - ukuthuthukiswa kombhobho we-asidi lapho i-asidi ithathelwa indawo yizinhlayiyana zekhabhoni ezishintsha ukumelana kwazo ngaphansi kwengcindezi ekhishwa ulwelwesi kumagranules. Izixazululo ezinjalo zivame ukusetshenziswa ocingweni.

I-Piezoelectric - i-capacitor eguqula isignali ye-acoustic ibe isignali ye-voltage.

Amandla (magnetoelectric) - ukudlidliza komoya okudalwe amaza omsindo kuhambisa i-diaphragm encane eguquguqukayo kanye nekhoyili ehlobene ebekwe endaweni enamandla kazibuthe ekhiqizwa uzibuthe. Ngenxa yalokho, i-voltage ivela kuma-coil terminals - amandla e-electrodynamic, i.e. ukudlidliza kukazibuthe wekhoyili, okubekwe phakathi kwezigxobo, kubangela amandla kagesi kuwo ngefrikhwensi ehambisana nemvamisa yokudlidliza kwamaza omsindo.

Imakrofoni yesimanje engenantambo

I-Capacitive (i-electrostatic) - Lolu hlobo lwemakrofoni luqukethe ama-electrode amabili axhunywe kumthombo we-voltage ongashintshi. Esinye sazo asinyakazi, kanti esinye siwulwelwesi olushaywa amaza omsindo, olubangela ukuba lundindilize.

I-Capacitive electret - okuhlukile kombhobho we-condenser, lapho i-diaphragm noma i-lining fixed yenziwe nge-electret, i.e. i-dielectric ene-polarization kagesi njalo.

I-high frequency capacitive - ihlanganisa i-oscillator ephakeme kakhulu kanye ne-symmetrical modulator kanye nesistimu ye-demodulator. Ushintsho lwamandla phakathi kwama-electrode wombhobho lushintsha ubukhulu bezimpawu ze-RF, lapho, ngemva kokwehliswa, kutholwa isignali ye-low-frequency (MW), ehambisana nezinguquko zokucindezela kwe-acoustic ku-diaphragm.

I-Laser - kulo mklamo, i-laser beam ibonakala kusukela endaweni edlidlizayo futhi ishaya isici se-photosensitive sikamamukeli. Inani lesignali lincike endaweni ye-beam. Ngenxa yokuhlangana okuphezulu kwe-laser beam, i-membrane ingabekwa ebangeni elide ukusuka ku-transmitter ye-beam nomamukeli.

I-Optical fiber - i-beam yokukhanya edlula i-fiber optical yokuqala, ngemva kokucabangela kusukela enkabeni ye-membrane, ingena ekuqaleni kwe-fiber optical yesibili. Ukushintshashintsha kwe-diaphragm kubangela izinguquko ekukhanyeni kokukhanya, okube sekuguqulelwa ekubeni isignali kagesi.

Imakrofoni yamasistimu angenantambo - umehluko omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-microphone engenantambo kuphela ngendlela ehlukile yokudlulisa isignali kunesistimu enezintambo. Esikhundleni sekhebula, i-transmitter ifakwa esimweni, noma imojula ehlukile enamathiselwe insimbi noma ethwelwe umculi, nomamukeli otholakala eduze kwekhonsoli yokuxuba. Ama-transmitters asetshenziswa kakhulu asebenza ohlelweni lokushintshwa kwemvamisa ye-FM kumabhendi we-UHF (470-950 MHz) noma we-VHF (170-240 MHz). Umamukeli kufanele asethelwe kushaneli efanayo nombhobho.