I-viscosity yamafutha enjini ibanga - yini enqumayo nendlela yokufunda ukumaka?

Ingabe ufuna uwoyela wenjini, kodwa ukulebula emikhiqizweni ethile akusho lutho kuwe? Size ukuzosindisa! Kokuthunyelwe kwanamuhla, sichaza amakhodi ayinkimbinkimbi avela kumalebula kawoyela wenjini futhi sichaza ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha okokugcoba.

Ngikhuluma nje

I-Viscosity yindlela uwoyela odlula kalula ngayo enjinini ezingeni lokushisa elithile. Kunqunywa ukuhlukaniswa kwe-SAE, okuhlukanisa izinto zokugcoba zibe amakilasi amabili: ubusika (okuboniswa inombolo nohlamvu W) kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (okuboniswa inombolo), okubonisa izinga lokushisa elidalwe idrayivu yokusebenza.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-viscosity kawoyela we-SAE

Sihlale sigcizelela ukuthi isinyathelo sokuqala sokukhetha uwoyela wenjini efanele kufanele kube ukuqinisekiswa. izincomo zomkhiqizi wezimoto... Uzowathola encwadini yeziqondiso zemoto yakho. Uma ungenayo, ungasebenzisa izinjini zokusesha eziku-inthanethi ezizokusiza ukuthi ukhethe uwoyela ngemoto nemodeli, kanye nemingcele yenjini.

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-lubricant, echazwe ngokuningiliziwe encwadini yemiyalo yemoto, yi i-viscosity. Inquma ukuthi uwoyela uzogeleza kalula kangakanani enjini ngezinga lokushisa elithile.kokubili nengaphakathi, elakhiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile. Lena ipharamitha ebalulekile. I-viscosity ekhethwe kahle iqinisekisa ukungabi nazinkinga kusukela osukwini lwasebusika olunesithwathwa, ukusatshalaliswa kukawoyela ngokushesha kuzo zonke izingxenye zokushayela kanye nokugcina ifilimu kawoyela elungile evimbela injini ekubambeni.

I-viscosity yamafutha enjini ichazwa ngokuhlukaniswa I-Association of Automotive Engineers (SAE)... Kuleli zinga, izinto zokugcoba zihlukaniswa zibe ebusika (okuboniswa izinombolo kanye nohlamvu "W" - kusukela "ebusika": 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W) kanye "ehlobo" (kuchazwa izinombolo kuphela: SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60). Nokho, igama elithi "ihlobo" lapha ukwenza lula. I-gradation yasebusika empeleni ibonisa amafutha angasetshenziswa ebusika lapho i-thermometer yehla kakhulu. Isigaba "sehlobo" sinqunywa ngokusekelwe ubuncane kanye nobukhulu be-lubricant viscosity ku-100 ° C, kanye ne-viscosity encane ku-150 ° C - okungukuthi, emazingeni okushisa enjini.

Okwamanje, asisasebenzisi imikhiqizo engenalutho ejanyiswe isizini. Ezitolo, uzothola kuphela amafutha e-multi-grade akhethwe ngekhodi enezinombolo ezimbili kanye nohlamvu "W", isibonelo 0W-40, 10W-40. Ifundeka kanje:

• inombolo encane phambi kuka "W", amafutha amancane azobamba uketshezi oluphezulu emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kukaziro - ifinyelela zonke izingxenye zenjini ngokushesha;
• uma isibalo esikhulu ngemva kuka “W”, kugcinwa amafutha amaningi. i-viscosity ephakeme emazingeni okushisa aphezulu akhiqizwa injini egijima - ivikela kangcono amadrayivu angaphansi kwemithwalo ephezulu, njengoba iwagqoka ngefilimu yamafutha eqinile futhi ezinzile.

Izinhlobo zamafutha enjini nge-viscosity

0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40

Amafutha ekilasi le-0W adlula ngokusobala izimbangi zawo ngokuya ngokugcinwa kwe-viscosity emazingeni okushisa aphansi - qinisekisa injini enkulu eqala ngisho ku -35 ° C... Azinzile ngokushisa futhi amelana ne-oxidation, futhi ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuphambili, angakwazi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Phakathi kwezinto zokugcoba zalesi sigaba, ethandwa kakhulu yi Uwoyela we-0W-20, osetshenziswa yi-Honda ukukhathazeka ngokuthi yizikhukhula zokuqala zasembonini, futhi inikezelwe kwezinye izimoto eziningi zesimanje zaseJapan. I-0W-40 iyona eguquguqukayo kakhulu - ifaneleka kuzo zonke izimoto abakhiqizi abavumela ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha 0W-20, 0W-30, 5W-30, 5W-40 no-10W-40. Lokhu kusha Amafutha 0W-16 - ivele emakethe muva nje, kodwa isivele ihlolwe abakhiqizi baseJapane. Ibuye isetshenziswe ezimotweni eziyi-hybrid.

5W-30, 5W-40, 5W-50

Amafutha enjini avela eqenjini le-5W ane-viscous kancane - qinisekisa ukuthi injini iqala ebushelelezi emazingeni okushisa afika ku -30 ° C... Abashayeli bathande izinhlobo kakhulu 5W-30 no-5W-40... Zombili zisebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa aqandayo, kodwa lena yakamuva iminyene kancane, ngakho izosebenza kangcono ezimotweni ezindala, ezigugile. Izinjini ezidinga ifilimu kawoyela ezinzile zivame ukusebenzisa amafutha anama-viscosity aphezulu kakhulu okushisa: I-5W-50.

10W-30, 10-W40, 10W-50, 10W-60

Amafutha angu-10W ahlala e-viscous ku-25 ° Cngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ezimweni zethu zezulu. Ezidume kakhulu yilezi 10W-30 no-10W-40 - asetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi emigwaqweni yaseYurophu. Kokubili kungakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu yokushisa futhi kusize ukugcina injini ihlanzekile futhi isesimweni esihle. Amafutha 10W-50 no-10W-60 Zisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe: i-turbocharged, ezemidlalo kanye ne-vintage.

15W-40, 15W-50, 15W-60

Ezimotweni ezinamamayela aphezulu, amafutha enjini ekilasi 15W-40 no-15W-50okusiza ukugcina ingcindezi efanele ohlelweni lokuthambisa nokunciphisa ukuvuza. Imikhiqizo imakiwe I-15W-60 nokho, asetshenziswa kumamodeli amadala nasezimotweni zezemidlalo. Amafutha alesi sigaba vumela imoto ukuthi iqale ku -20 ° C.

20W-50, 20W-60

Amafutha ezimoto alesi sigaba abonakala nge-viscosity ephansi kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi. 20W-50 no-20W-60... Namuhla, awavamile ukusetshenziswa, kuphela ezimotweni ezindala ezakhiwe phakathi kwama-50s nama-80s.

I-viscosity iyipharamitha ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi i-lubricant. Lapho ukhetha uwoyela, landela ngokuqinile izincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto yakho - umkhiqizo owukhethile kufanele "ulingane" nesistimu: dlala phakathi kwezakhi zomuntu ngamunye noma ingcindezi kuyo. Futhi khumbula ukuthi kulokhu ukonga kubonakala kuphela. Esikhundleni samafutha ashibhile angenagama avela emakethe, khetha umkhiqizo womkhiqizo owaziwayo: i-Castrol, i-Elf, i-Mobil noma i-Motul. Yilokhu okuthambisa kuphela okuzohlinzeka injini ngezimo ezilungile zokusebenza. Ungayithola ku-avtotachki.com.