Ukuvikelwa kwezimoto ze-cathodic

Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwendlela yokuvikela i-cathodic yezakhiwo zensimbi ezimbonini ezinzima (amandla, amapayipi, ukwakha umkhumbi), kukhona amadivaysi ambalwa ahloselwe izimoto emkhakheni okhuluma isiRashiya wenethiwekhi.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic yemoto ngokumelene nokugqwala ezingxoxweni zabashayeli abanolwazi sekuyisikhathi eside yaphenduka into engaqondakali futhi egcwele amahlebezi. Inabalandeli abanolaka nabangabazayo. Ake sithole ukuthi sikhuluma ngani.

Ingqikithi yokuvikelwa kwe-cathodic

Isitha esikhulu semoto, esinciphisa impilo yayo yesevisi, akukona neze ukuphuka kwemishini, kodwa ukugqwala okujwayelekile kwecala lensimbi. Inqubo yokugqwala kwensimbi okwenziwa ngayo umshini ayikwazi ukuncishiswa ibe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okukodwa.

Ukugqwala kokuvikela umsindo okufafaziwe

Ukubhujiswa kwensimbi, ukuyiguqula ibe amachashazi amabi abomvu okugqwala, kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwezici ezihlukahlukene:

• izici zesimo sezulu lapho imoto isebenza khona;
• ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali omoya, umhwamuko wamanzi ngisho nenhlabathi endaweni (kuthinta izakhiwo zokungcola komgwaqo);
• izinga lempahla yomzimba, ukuba khona kwamaqhubu nokulimala, ukulungiswa okwenziwayo, okokuvikela okusetshenzisiwe, kanye nenqwaba yezinye izizathu.

Ngokwemibandela evamile, ingqikithi yezinqubo zokugqwala komshini ingachazwa ngale ndlela.

Kuyini ukugqwala kwensimbi

Noma iyiphi insimbi esakhiweni iyingilazi yekristalu yama-athomu ashajwe kahle kanye nefu elivamile le-electron eliwazungezile. Kusendlalelo somngcele, ama-electron anamandla okunyakaza okushisayo andiza aphume ku-lattice, kodwa adonseka ngokushesha emuva amandla amahle obuso awushiyile.

Ukugqwala komzimba wemoto

Isithombe siyashintsha uma ingaphezulu lensimbi lihlangana nento ekwazi ukuthutha ama-electron - i-electrolyte. Kulokhu, i-electron eshiye i-crystal lattice iyaqhubeka nokuhamba endaweni yangaphandle futhi ayibuyi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amandla athile kufanele asebenze kuwo - umehluko ongase ube khona uma i-electrolyte ixhuma izinsimbi ezimbili ezihlukene ezinezakhiwo ezahlukene nge-conductivity. Kuncike ekubalukeni kwayo ukuthi yiziphi izinsimbi ezimbili ezizolahlekelwa ama-electron, kube i-electrode enhle (i-anode), nokuthi iyiphi ezothola (i-cathode).

Ikhono lokuvimbela ukugqwala

Kunezinganekwane eziningi zabantu mayelana nendlela yokuvikela imoto yakho ekugqwaleni emphakathini oshayelayo. Eqinisweni, kunezindlela ezimbili:

• Vikela ubuso bensimbi bomzimba ukuthi ungathintani nama-electrolyte - amanzi, umoya.
• Ngomthombo wamandla wangaphandle, shintsha amandla angaphezulu ukuze umzimba wensimbi ovela ku-anode uguquke ube yi-cathode.

Iqembu lokuqala lezindlela liyizinhlobonhlobo zokuzivikela ezilwa nokugqwala, ama-primers nama-varnish. Abanikazi bezimoto bachitha imali enkulu, kodwa kufanele uqonde ukuthi ukugqwala akukwazi ukumiswa ngale ndlela. Ivimbela kuphela ukufinyelela kwe-reagent esebenzayo ku-iron yomzimba.

Iqembu lesibili lezindlela, ngokuphambene nokwelashwa kwe-anti-corrosion, liyakwazi ukumisa ngokuphelele indlela yokugqwala kwensimbi futhi ngisho nokubuyisela ingxenye yensimbi evele i-oxidized.

Ukwelashwa kokulwa nokugqwala kwemoto

Ubuchwepheshe bokuvikela i-Electrochemical bungahlukaniswa ngobuchwepheshe obubili:

• Ukusebenzisa umthombo wangaphandle kagesi (ibhethri yemoto), usebenzisa isifunda esikhethekile, dala ngokweqile amandla amahle emzimbeni ukuze ama-electron angashiyi insimbi, kodwa akhangwe kuwo. Lokhu ukuvikela kwe-cathodic yemoto.
• Beka izakhi zensimbi esebenza kakhulu emzimbeni ukuze udale i-galvanic pair lapho izoba yi-anode, futhi umzimba wemoto uzoba i-cathode. Le ndlela ayidingi nhlobo ukuxhunywa kubhethri futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-tread noma i-anode protection.

Ake sicabangele ngayinye yezindlela.

Indlela yokukhetha i-anode

Endimeni yesifunda sangaphandle, ungasebenzisa ngempumelelo izindawo zensimbi zegaraji, i-loop yomhlabathi endaweni yokupaka kanye nezinye izindlela.

igaraji lensimbi

Ngocingo olunesixhumi, ibhodi yedivayisi yokuvikela i-cathodic ixhunywe kuyo futhi umehluko odingekayo odingekayo uyadalwa. Le ndlela ibonakale kaningi iphumelela kakhulu.

Iluphu yaphansi

Uma imoto ipakwe endaweni evulekile, iluphu yangaphandle yokuvikela i-galvanic ingadalwa eduze komjikelezo wendawo yokupaka. Izikhonkwane zensimbi zishayelwa emhlabathini ngendlela efanayo nesisekelo esivamile futhi zixhunywe ku-loop eyodwa evaliwe ngezintambo. Imoto ifakwe ngaphakathi kwalesi sekethi futhi ixhunywe kuyo ngesixhumi ngendlela efanayo nasendleleni yegaraji.

Umsila werabha wensimbi onomphumela ophansi

Le ndlela isebenzisa umqondo wokudala amandla adingekayo we-electropositive womzimba ngokuhlobene nendawo yomgwaqo. Le ndlela yinhle ngoba ayisebenzi nje kuphela uma imile, kodwa futhi ihamba, ivikela imoto lapho isengozini ikakhulukazi kumswakama kanye namakhemikhali omgwaqo.

Ama-electrodes-protectors avikelayo

Njengama-electrode adala amandla okuzivikela, amapuleti ensimbi asetshenziswa, ukwakheka kwawo kuseduze nensimbi yomzimba ngokwawo. Lokhu kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka idivayisi idiliza, ukuze amapuleti abekwe ngokwawo angabi umthombo wokugqwala, enze i-galvanic pair entsha. Indawo yepuleti ngalinye ilingana nosayizi ukusuka ku-4 kuye ku-10 cm², umumo unonxande noma u-oval.

Ungasifaka kanjani isivikelo

I-electrode eyodwa ehlukene yakha indawo engase ibe namandla okuzivikela ezizungezile ngaphakathi kwendawo engamamitha angu-0,3-0,4. Ngakho-ke, imishini egcwele yemoto enobukhulu obuphakathi izodinga amapuleti anjalo ayi-15 kuye kwangama-20.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-electronic anti-corrosion kwezimoto

Ama-electrode abekwe ezindaweni ezisengozini kakhulu yokugqwala komkhathi:

• ngaphansi kwemoto;
• emakhothameni amasondo angaphambili nangemuva;
• phansi kwendlwana ngaphansi kwamacansi;
• ngaphakathi kweminyango ngezansi.

Ukunakwa kukhokhwa eqinisweni lokuthi izimbobo ezifihliwe zemibundu, ama-spars, imishayo yamandla omzimba iwela endaweni yokuvikela.

Kudingekile ukuthi ungafaki ukuthintana kwamapuleti e-electrode axhunywe ku-plus yebhethri ngokususwa komzimba wemoto. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afakwe ku-epoxy glue phezu komdwebo okhona noma i-anti-corrosion coating emzimbeni.

Yiziphi izisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo

Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwendlela yokuvikela i-cathodic yezakhiwo zensimbi ezimbonini ezinzima (amandla, amapayipi, ukwakha umkhumbi), kukhona amadivaysi ambalwa ahloselwe izimoto emkhakheni okhuluma isiRashiya wenethiwekhi. Okumbalwa okungatholakala kunzima ukukuqinisekisa kusukela ekuhlolweni nasekubuyekezweni, njengoba abathengisi abahlinzeki ngesethi eyanele yedatha. Idivayisi yokuvikela i-cathodic yemoto imelwe amamodeli we-RustStop-5, BOR-1, AKS-3, UZK-A.

Inelungelo lobunikazi e-US naseCanada, i-FINAL COAT isebenza ngomgomo we-pulsed current futhi ihambisana nedatha yocwaningo. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa, le divayisi ibonise ukusebenza kahle kwangempela kokuvikela izindawo zensimbi zomzimba endaweni engase ibe khona umehluko we-100-200 mV ngaphezu kuka-400% kunesampula yokulawula. Imisa kuphela intengo yedivayisi, manje engathengwa ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25.

Ungayenza kanjani idivayisi yokuvikela i-cathodic ngokwakho

Uma ungazibeki umgomo wokukhiqiza isistimu enezikhiye ze-short-circuit eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukuqapha ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri, inkomba ye-LED, khona-ke idivayisi ngokwayo ingenziwa ngokwakho.

Ukuvikelwa komzimba kwe-cathodic (umdwebo)

Inketho elula kunazo zonke ihlanganisa kuphela i-resistor yokukhipha yenani elithile (500-1000 ohms), lapho i-terminal enhle yebhethri ixhunywe kuma-electrode avikelayo. I-current esetshenzisiwe kufanele ibe ku-1-10 mA. Amandla okuvikela anele ngokomqondo enanini elingu-0,44 V (inani lamandla okusebenzisa ugesi wensimbi emsulwa). Kodwa uma kucatshangelwa ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwensimbi, ukuba khona kweziphambeko esakhiweni se-crystal nezinye izici ezisebenzayo, kuthathwe esifundeni se-1,0 V.

Impendulo mayelana nokusebenza kokuvikelwa kwe-cathodic

Imibiko evela kubasebenzisi bezinsimbi inikeza izilinganiso ezahlukene.

U-Oleg:

“Ngemva kokufunda ngokuvikelwa kwe-cathodic yomzimba wemoto ekugqwaleni ngezandla zami, nganquma ukuzama. Ngithole izilinganiso zezingxenye zomsakazo ku-inthanethi, ngathatha amapuleti afanele ama-anode, axhume yonke into njengoba ibhaliwe. Umphumela: Sengineminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ngiyisebenzisa, imoto yami ayintsha, kodwa ayikakabikho ukugqwala.

Anton:

“I-electrochemical protection ihambe nemoto ngesikhathi ngiyithenga ezandleni zami. Umzimba ubambe okwensimbi engagqwali ngempela, kodwa amapuleti ngokwawo aphansi abole kakhulu. Kuzodingeka ukuthola ukuthi ungazishintshela kanjani futhi nini.

Ezinye izindlela zokuvikela

Ngaphezu kokuvikelwa kwe-cathodic yezimoto ekugqwaleni, ezinye izindlela ezihlukile zithandwa phakathi kwabantu. Akubona bonke abalungile ngokulinganayo, kodwa basiza ekwandiseni impilo yomshini ngeminyaka eminingana.

Indlela ye-Anode

Izingxenye ezenziwe ngokukhethekile ngesimo esikhethekile ezenziwe ngezinsimbi ezinamandla amakhulu e-electrode kunensimbi zisetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho kwenzeka umbhangqwana we-galvanic, yile ngxenye encibilikayo - i-electrode esetshenziswayo. Insimbi yomzimba ngokwayo ayithinteki. Le ndlela iwukuvikelwa kwe-anodic yemoto ekugqwaleni.

Ukuvikela ukugqwala kwe-anode yezimoto

Izimbondela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zenziwe nge-zinc noma i-magnesium alloys. Ukubuyekezwa okuningi kwabashayeli abafaka izingcezu ze-zinc kuma-wheel arches kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwale ndlela yokuvikela iminyaka engu-3-5. Ukungalungi kwale ndlela kuyisidingo sokuqapha ama-electrode omhlatshelo, ukuwabuyekeza uma kunesidingo.

Umzimba lashukumisa

I-Zinc enamathela yensimbi yomzimba ingenye indlela evamile yokuvikela imoto ekugqwaleni yonke inkathi yenkonzo yayo (ngokuvamile iminyaka engu-15-20). Abakhiqizi abakhulu baseNtshonalanga bahambe ngale ndlela, bekhulula izinhlobo zezimoto zabo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezinezidumbu zefekthri ezishisayo.

Umzimba lashukumisa

Umholi ongenakuphikiswa kulesi siqondiso yi-Audi, eye yasungula amalungelo obunikazi amaningi esihlokweni sobuchwepheshe bokugqoka okuzivikela. Kuyimodeli ye-Audi 80 eyimodeli yokuqala yokukhiqiza enokucubungula okunjalo, futhi kusukela ngo-1986 zonke izimoto ezikhiqizwa ngaphansi kwalolu hlobo zinakho. Amanye amalungu e-VW Group nawo asebenzisa i-hot-dip galvanizing: Volkswagen, Skoda, Porsche, Seat.

Ngaphezu kwesiJalimane, amanye amamodeli aseJapane athola imizimba yangempela yama-galvanized: Honda Accord, Pilot, Legends.

Iziqalo nezinto zokupenda

Mayelana nesihloko sokuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical, ukwakheka kokunyathela kwamapende nama-varnish aqukethe izinhlayiya ze-zinc kufanele kukhulunywe. Lezi ziyi-phosphating kanye ne-cataphoretic primers.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamapende nama-varnish

Isimiso sokusebenza kwabo siyafana: insimbi ihlanganiswa nongqimba lwensimbi esebenzayo, esetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kwe-galvanic kwasekuqaleni.

Isililo

Indlela yokuvikela ubuso bomzimba ekugqwaleni nokuhuzuka ngokunamathisela ngefilimu esobala ehlala isikhathi eside. Ukucutshungulwa okwenziwe kahle akubonakali emehlweni, kumelana nezinguquko eziphawulekayo zokushisa futhi akwesabi ukudlidliza.

I-lamination yemoto

Njengezinye izindlela zokuvikela indawo yokuhlobisa, le ndlela igcina ukubukeka kwemoto emakethe, kodwa ishiya inkinga yokugqwala ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo ingaxazululeki.

Ingilazi engamanzi

Isendlalelo esingeziwe sokuqina esiqinile sidalwe phezu komdwebo wesisekelo, okhulise amandla. Isetshenziswa emzimbeni wemoto osuliwe futhi wawashwa, oshiswa kuqala ngomoya oshisayo. Isisekelo se-polymer sezinto ezibonakalayo siyasabalala futhi ngemva kokuqina siyapholishwa. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuvikela isendlalelo sepende yefekthri ekungeneni komswakama womkhathi ngalo futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjwe ukugqwala isikhathi esifushane.

Ceramic liquid glass for izimoto

Indlela ayinikezi isivikelo esiphelele ngokumelene nokugqwala. Ivikela ikakhulukazi ukubonakala kwemoto ekubonakalisweni okubonakalayo, kodwa ishiya i-foci efihliwe engagadiwe.

Funda futhi: Indlela yokususa amakhowe emzimbeni wemoto ye-VAZ 2108-2115 ngezandla zakho

Ukusebenza phansi

Ukuze uvikele ama-arches angaphansi namasondo avela ku-electrolytes (ukungcola komgwaqo, amanzi anosawoti), ukugqoka nge-mastics ehlukahlukene ku-bitumen, i-raber ne-polymer base isetshenziswa.

Sebenza ngezansi kwemoto

Amalokhi e-polyethylene asetshenziswa. Zonke lezi zinhlobo zokwelashwa zilahlekelwa ngokusebenza kahle kokuvikelwa kwe-electrochemical yomzimba wemoto, kodwa zivumela ukubambezeleka ngokugqwala isikhashana.

Ukuvikela ekugqwaleni. Iwaranti yeminyaka engama-49!