Ibuyisela emuva amakhamera. Yiziphi izimoto ezintsha ezikwenza kangcono kakhulu?
Amakhamera angemuva afana nomakhalekhukhwini - anobuchopho obuncane kuphela nezikrini zokucaca okuphansi - ngoba kulezi zinsuku kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi sasinda kanjani noma asizange sibulale abanye abantu ngaphandle kwabo.
Amanye amawebhusayithi anomdlandla aze achaze indawo ngemuva nangaphansi kwemoto ehlehlayo njengokuthi "indawo yokufa", okungase kuzwakale kumangalisa, kodwa emhlabeni lapho abaningi bethu beshayela ama-SUV amakhulu ahulking, lena engemuva. indawo yaba nkulu ngakhoke yaba yingozi kakhulu.
E-US, ukuphahlazeka "okuhlehlayo", njengoba bekubiza kanjalo, kubangela ukufa kwabantu abacishe babe ngama-300 kanye nokulimala kuka-18,000 ngonyaka, kanti amaphesenti angama-44 alabo abafayo asezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemihlanu.
Ukuphendula lezi zinombolo ezishaqisayo, umthetho kazwelonke waphasiswa eMelika ngoMeyi 2018 owawudinga ukuthi yonke imoto entsha edayisiwe ifakwe ikhamera ebuka ngemuva.
Lokhu akukenzeki e-Australia, nakuba ochwepheshe bezokuphepha emgwaqeni befuna kube nomthetho ofanayo wokuvumela zonke izimoto ezidayiswa ngekhamera ebuka ngemuva, okuhlanganisa nomqondisi ophethe iDriver Safety Australia uRussell White.
“Kubalulekile ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinhlelo ezintsha zokuphepha ukuze kusekelwe umshayeli, kuncishiswe izingozi ezibangelwa abantu futhi kuncishiswe ukulimala komgwaqo ngokujwayelekile,” kusho uMnu.
“Okubuhlungu wukuthi kuleli cishe masonto onke kushaywa ingane emgwaqweni. Ngakho-ke, kufiseleka kakhulu ukuba nezinhlelo ezisiza ukunciphisa lezi zindawo eziyizimpumputhe futhi zixwayise abashayeli ngezingozi ezingase zibe khona.
“Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimoto eziningi manje sezifakwe amakhamera nezinzwa ezingemuva, kubalulekile ukuthi unganciki kuzo kakhulu ... njengomshayeli, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uqaphile futhi wazi ngokugcwele indawo okuzungezile lapho uhlehlisa noma iyiphi. imoto.”
Abafundisi bokushayela bavame ukukutshela ukuthi ayikho enye indawo yokuphendula ikhanda nokubheka.
Amakhamera angemuva aqala ukwethulwa emakethe kaningi cishe eminyakeni engu-20 edlule e-Infiniti Q45 edayiswa e-US, kwathi ngo-2002 iNissan Primera yasakaza lo mbono emhlabeni wonke. Kwaze kwafika ngo-2005 lapho iFord Territory yaba imoto yokuqala eyakhiwe e-Australia ukunikezela ngayo.
Imizamo yakuqala ibilufifi kangangoba bekubukeka sengathi ingxube kavaselina nokungcola kugcotshwe kwilensi - kanti amakhamera abuka ngemuva ajwayele ukubukeka eyinqaba noma kunjalo ngoba okukhiphayo kuyaphendukizwa ukuze abukeke njengesithombe sesibuko (kulula ubuchopho bethu). , ngoba uma kungenjalo uhlangothi lwakho lwesobunxele luyoba kwesokudla uma uhlehla, njll.).
Ngenhlanhla, amakhamera esimanje ahlehlayo anezibonisi ezibonisa ukulungiswa okuphezulu ngempela (i-BMW 7 Series ikuvumela ukuthi ulungise ikhwalithi yesithombe), kanye nemigqa yokupaka ekuqondisa endaweni efanele, ngisho nokubona ebusuku.
Futhi nakuba kunjalo asikakafiki esigabeni sokucushwa okuphoqelekile, kunenombolo enkulu yezimoto ezinamakhamera okupaka.
Amakhamera wokubuka angemuva angcono kakhulu ebhizinisini
Izimoto ezihamba phambili ezinamakhamera angemuva zivame ukuba nento eyodwa ezifanayo - isikrini esikhulu. Ukusebenzisa esinye salezo zikwele ezincane, ezibukeka ngendlela eyinqaba ezifihlwe esibukweni sakho sokubuka ngemuva njengoba ikhamera ebuka ngemuva ingase isebenze, kodwa ayilungile noma kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Enye yamakhamera amahle kakhulu ahlehlayo njengamanje asebenza ngaphakathi kanokusho kwi-Audi Q8 ngesibonisi sokucaca esingu-12.3-intshi.
Akukhona nje ukuthi isikrini sibukeka sihle futhi sinembile, sinemigqa yokupaka kanye "nombono kaNkulunkulu" okubonakala kukubonisa imoto enkulu evela phezulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ezifana nama-gutters, siphinde sibe nesici esimangalisayo esingu-360-degree esikuvumela ukuthi uthwebule isithombe esiyingcaca semoto yakho esikrinini bese usizungezisa kunoma iyiphi indlela, okukuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukucaciswa kwakho.
Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, wonke ama-Audi anamakhamera amahle nezikrini ezihlehlisayo, kodwa i-Q8 iyizinga elilandelayo.
Isikrini esikhudlwana nesihlaba umxhwele nakakhulu singatholakala ku-Tesla Model 3 (noma yimuphi omunye uTesla, uMusk uthanda ngempela isikrini esikhulu sokuthinta). Isikrini sayo setafula lekhofi esingu-15.4-intshi se-iPad sikunikeza umbono obanzi wokuthi yini engemuva kwakho futhi, njengebhonasi, ikutshela ukuthi ungemuva kwama-intshi amangaki (noma amayintshi) ngemuva kwemoto uma uhlehla ubheke kuyo. Kalula.
Ezingeni elithengekayo kancane kune-Q8, esinye isihlobo saseJalimane esiphinde sinikeze isikrini esikhulu ngokwenele iVolkswagen Touareg, lapho (uyazikhethela) isibonisi esingu-15 inch sibonakala sithatha ingxenye enkulu yemoto. Futhi, ikhamera yayo yokubuka ngemuva inikeza ukubuka okubanzi komhlaba ngemuva kwakho.
IRange Rover Evoque yimoto ethatha indlela entsha kancane yokubuka amakhamera angemuva, ekubiza nge-clearSight rearview mirror esebenzisa ikhamera nesibuko esibukweni. Yize kubukeka kuhlakaniphe kakhulu, imibiko yangaphambi kwesikhathi iphakamisa ukuthi kungaba yiphutha elincane futhi kube yinqaba ukuyisebenzisa.
Ngezimoto eziningi nezinketho eziningi, sinqume ukwenza inhlolovo ochwepheshe abashayela amakhulukhulu ezimoto ezahlukene minyaka yonke - ithimba le-CarsGuide - ukuze sithole ukuthi ubani owenza amakhamera wokubuka angemuva angcono kakhulu. Amagama afika emiqondweni yawo wonke umuntu iMazda 3, enesikrini esisha esishaqisayo kumodeli yakamuva kanye nesithombe sekhamera ebukhali, iFord Ranger - imoto ehamba phambili kuze kube manje - kanye neMercedes-Benz; Konke.
I-BMW ifanelwe ukukhulunywa ngokukhethekile, hhayi nje ngenxa yezikrini namakhamera ayo, kodwa nangenxa yomsizi wayo ohlukile futhi ohlakaniphile, okwazi ukukhumbula u-50m wokugcina owahamba ngawo futhi ikunikeze i-hands-free reverse. Uma unomgwaqo omude futhi oyinkimbinkimbi, lolu hlelo (ongakukhetha) luyoba usizo lwangempela. Kanye namakhamera angemuva ngokujwayelekile.
