Ikhamera yokubuka yangaphambili yemoto: ukubuka konke okuhle kakhulu, imithetho yokufaka, ukubuyekezwa
Okuqukethwe
Amanye amamodeli anokusekelwa kokulungiswa kokuqondisa, amanye ahlelwe endaweni ehleliwe. Idivayisi ixhunywe kusibonisi ngentambo noma ngomsakazo.
Ikhamera yokubuka eya phambili yenza kube lula kumshayeli ukuthi angene futhi aphume ezindaweni ezikhawulelwe zokubonakala. Futhi, lo mshini usiza ukucacisa ibanga lesithiyo, okwenza kube lula ukupaka kwemoto.
Izici zekhamera yokubuka imoto ngaphambili
Izinto eziyisisekelo zemoto yesimanje ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amasistimu kagesi nezinzwa eziqinisekisa ukunyakaza okuphephile. Ukulungiselelwa kwemoto okuthuthukisiwe kufaka phakathi amakhamera wevidiyo yenhlolovo abonisa ulwazi kumonitha. Ngenxa yale nketho:
- imigodi yomgwaqo kanye nama-bumps ayabonakala, angabonakali esihlalweni somshayeli;
- i-angle ebanzi ye-girth inikezwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku;
- yenza kube lula ukupaka ezindaweni ezivalekile;
- bayalungiswa abenzi bengozi uma kuba nengozi yomgwaqo.
Uma umhlangano wefekthri wemoto unganikezeli ukufakwa kwamakhamera wokubuka ngaphambili, khona-ke angathengwa kubakhiqizi abahlukahlukene. Ziyi-universal futhi yesikhathi esigcwele kumamodeli athile wezimoto. Inketho yesibili ifakwe ku-logo noma ku-radiator grille yemoto.
ikhamera yokubuka ngaphambili
Ngokungafani nemishini yokubuka ngemuva, amakhamera abheke phambili adlulisela isithombe esibukhoma kusibonisi, hhayi isithombe sesibuko. Lokhu kulungele ukulawula ngokugcwele imvelo ngesikhathi sokuqondisa.
Izinzuzo zekhamera yangaphambili
Idivayisi izosusa "izindawo ezingaboni" ngenkathi ushayela endaweni evalekile. Ngakho-ke, izovimbela ukulimala ku-bumper kanye nezinto ze-chassis lapho upaka ngaphambili. Ngenxa ye-angle yokubuka ebanzi (kufika ku-170 °), kwanele ukukhipha "ikhala" lemoto kancane ngenxa yesithiyo sokuthola i-panorama egcwele yomgwaqo kusuka ezinhlangothini ezi-2.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzuzo ezilandelayo zekhamera yangaphambili zingaphawulwa:
- indawo ekahle yokufakwa - endaweni ye-bumper;
- kulula ukuyifaka - ungenza konke ngokwakho;
- Ubukhulu obuncane bedivayisi (2 cubic cm) buqinisekisa ukungabonakali nokuphepha kwayo ezenzweni zabahlaseli;
- izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela ngokumelene nokungena kwamanzi, uthuli nokungcola (IP 66-68);
- ukumelana nokushisa nesithwathwa - igajethi isebenza ngaphandle kokwehluleka ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi (kusuka -30 kuya +60);
- isithombe esingokoqobo nesiqondile sesithombe ebusuku nasemini;
- intengo ethengekayo (uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzwa zokupaka);
- impilo ende yesevisi (ngaphezulu konyaka ongu-1).
Amanye amadivaysi esimanje anosekelo lwemakhaphu yezibalo. Uma lo msebenzi unikwe amandla, imigqa eguqukayo isetshenziswa esikrinini sokuqapha, esikuvumela ukubala cishe ibanga lento.
Ukufaka ikhamera yangaphambili - izinketho zendawo
Indlela kanye nendawo yokufakwa kwemodeli incike kuhlobo lomkhiqizo. Amakhamera ajwayelekile angaphambili afakwa ngaphansi kwesithonjana somkhiqizo noma kurediyetha yokushisa yemoto ethile. Amagajethi ajwayelekile afanele izimoto eziningi futhi angafakwa kunoma iyiphi indawo efanelekile:
- ohlakeni lwepuleti lokubhalisa;
- indawo eyisicaba ene-tape enezinhlangothi ezi-2;
- emigodini eyenziwe ku-bumper ngokulungiswa ngokusebenzisa ama-latches namantongomane (umklamo "weso");
- kumaseli e-radiator grille yamanga esebenzisa imilenze yebakaki enezikulufu ezizishayayo (umzimba wohlobo uvemvane) noma izikhonkwane.
Umdwebo wokuxhuma wekhamera yokubuka yangaphambili ufakiwe nazo zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo zokufakwa: idivayisi ngokwayo, ucingo lwe-tulip lokufakwayo kwevidiyo, ikhebula lamandla kanye ne-drill (yamadivayisi e-mortise). Okuwukuphela kwento engase idingeke ngaphezu kwalokho kumathuluzi okufaka isikrufu esinamaphuzu angu-6.
Idivayisi ixhunywe kusibonisi ngentambo noma ngomsakazo.
Izici zobuchwepheshe
Ukuze wenze ukukhetha okulungile kwekhamera yokubuka yangaphambili, kufanele unake imingcele yomkhiqizo. Eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukulungiswa kwesikrini nosayizi. Ezibonisini ezingu-4-7” nekhamera engu-0,3 MP, ikhwalithi yesithombe ilungile phakathi kwamaphikseli angu-720 x 576. Ukulungiswa okuphakeme ngeke kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yesithombe, ngaphandle kokubuka amavidiyo esikrinini esikhulu.
- Uhlobo lweMatrix. Inzwa ye-CCD ebizayo inikeza isithombe esicacile nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku, futhi i-CMOS ibonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nenani elithengekayo.
- I-angle yokubuka. Okungcono kakhulu, kodwa i-girth engaphezu kuka-170 degrees ilulaza kakhulu ikhwalithi yesithombe esiphumayo.
- Izinga lokuvikela amanzi nothuli. Isigaba esithembekile - IP67/68.
- Ibanga lokushisa elisebenzayo. Umshini kumele umelane nokubanda ukusuka ku -25 ° futhi ushise ufike ku-60 °.
- Ukuzwela ukukhanya. Inani elilungile lekhamera enokukhanya kwe-IR ngu-0,1 lux (okuhambisana nokukhanya kwelume elingu-1 ku-1 m²). Inani eliphakeme alidingeki - ebumnyameni, ukukhanya okuvela ezibani zangaphambili kwanele.
Isici esengeziwe sedivayisi eyenza ukushayela kube lula ukusekelwa kokumaka okumile. Imigqa eguquguqukayo umqaphi "eyidwebayo" futhi ayibeke phezulu esithombeni ingaba namaphutha amancane. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukuncika ngobumpumputhe esilinganisweni se-electronic sebanga lento. Kungcono ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi njengomsizi ngenkathi upaka imoto.
Okukhipha isithombe
Isithombe esitholwe kukhamera yocwaningo sidluliselwa kumonitha. Izinketho zokuxhuma ezilandelayo ziyatholakala:
- ekubonisweni komsakazo we-multimedia (1-2 DIN);
- i-navigator yemoto;
- idivayisi ehlukile efakwe ku-torpedo;
- idivayisi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ku-visor yelanga noma esibukweni sokubuka ngemuva;
- esikrinini semishini yefekthri usebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuqala sevidiyo.
Ungakwazi ukuxhuma ikhamera yokubuka engaphambili emotweni ngqo kumamukeli wesignali ngekhebula noma ngaphandle kwentambo. Uxhumano lomsakazo lulungele ukufakwa - asikho isidingo sokuqaqa ingaphakathi. Okuwukuphela komphumela wukungaqini kahle kwesithombe esikuqapha ngomsakazi we-FM. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi yesithombe ingase ihlupheke ngokuphazanyiswa kazibuthe.
Ukubuyekezwa kwamamodeli angcono kakhulu amakhamera angaphambili
Isilinganiso sihlanganisa amamodeli angu-5 adumile. Isifinyezo sisekelwe ekubuyekezweni nasezikalweni ezivela kubasebenzisi be-Yandex Market.
Indawo yesi-5 - Isingeniso Incar VDC-007
Lena ikhamera yokukhweza isikulufu yendawo yonke enosekelo lwemigqa yokupaka. Idivayisi ifakwe i-matrix ye-photosensitive eyenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-CMOS. Ukulungiswa kwenzwa kuyiyintshi engu-⅓.
Isibuyekezo sekhamera yangaphambili
Inkambu yokubuka ebanzi engu-170° iqinisekisa ukulawula okuphezulu kwesimo somgwaqo. Igajethi isebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa ukusuka -20 kuya ku-90 ° futhi akesabi umswakama nothuli.
Ubuhle Begajethi:
- ikhwalithi yevidiyo enhle;
- isigaba sokuvikela IP68;
- ucingo olude.
Umthengi:
- upende uyaxebuka ngokushesha
- akukho pinout emiyalweni.
Isilinganiso sedivayisi ku-Yandex Market singamaphuzu angu-3,3 kwangu-5. Ezinyangeni ezi-2 ezedlule, abantu abangama-302 bebethanda umkhiqizo. Izindleko zayo ezimaphakathi ngu-3230 ₽.
Indawo yesi-4 - Vizant T-003
2 cm² kuphela ebusweni bomshini kwanele ukufaka le khamera.
Ukubuyekezwa kwekhamera ye-Byzant
Imodeli ine-matrix yombala ye-CMOS II. Ngakho-ke, isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu enesixazululo samaphikseli angu-720 x 540 (imigqa ye-TV engu-520) sidluliselwa kumqapha. Futhi ngezimpawu ezimile kanye nokukhanya okungu-0,2 Lux IR, ukupaka kulula futhi kuphephile ngisho nasebusuku.
Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo:
- Ikesi le-Metal anti-vandal.
- Ihambisana nawo wonke ama-OEM namamonitha angajwayelekile.
Ububi: Ayikwazi ukulungisa i-engeli yokutsheka.
Abasebenzisi be-Yandex Market balinganisele i-Vizant T-003 kumaphuzu angu-3,8 kwangu-5. Ungathenga umkhiqizo ngama-ruble angu-1690.
Indawo yesithathu - AVEL AVS3CPR/307 HD
Le khamera yomzimba wensimbi igibela endaweni eyisicaba phambi komshini nge-stud.
Isibuyekezo sekhamera ye-Avel
Ngenxa yelensi yengilazi ene-engeli ebanzi enembobo eyi-diagonal engu-170 ° kanye ne-CCD matrix, isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu esinokulungiswa kwemigqa ye-TV engu-1000 sidluliselwa kusibonisi. Ukulawula ukuchayeka okuzenzakalelayo kuqinisekisa izithombe zevidiyo ezicacile ngaphandle komsindo omkhulu ezimeni ezikhanyayo noma zokukhanya okuphansi.
Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo:
- isebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (kusuka -40 kuya ku-70 ° C);
- izilinganiso ezincane (27 x 31 x 24 mm).
Ububi: ukukhanya okubuthakathaka kwe-IR (0,01 lux).
Imodeli ye-AVS307CPR/980 yelulekwa ukuthi ithengwe ngabasebenzisi abangama-63%. Isilinganiso senani legajethi ngu-3590 ₽.
Indawo yesibili - SWAT VDC-2-B
Le khamera yokubuka imoto ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke ifakwe "umlenze".
Ikhamera ye-Swat
Imodeli ifakwe ilensi yengilazi ene-PC7070 optical CMOS sensor, ngakho-ke ibonisa isithombe sekhwalithi ephezulu ngokulungiswa kwamaphikseli angu-976 x 592 (600 TVL) kumonitha. Ifomethi yevidiyo yegajethi yi-NTSC. Ihambisana nezibonisi eziningi futhi ayidingi ama-adaptha engeziwe.
Izinzuzo Zegajethi:
- Ukusekelwa kwezimpawu zokupaka.
- Isithombe esibushelelezi ngaphandle kwama-jerks.
- Ukuvikelwa kumswakama nothuli (i-IP6 evamile).
nemibi:
- "I-cutter" kukhithi inobubanzi obuncane kunesidingo.
- Ikhwalithi yevidiyo ebuthakathaka ebumnyameni (umsindo "nokunyakazisa" esikrinini).
- Isikhwama sepulasitiki esithambile.
Ezinsukwini ezingu-60 ezedlule, abasebenzisi be-Yandex Market abangu-788 bebefuna ukuthenga igajethi. Kule sayithi, umkhiqizo uthole isilinganiso samaphoyinti angu-4,7 kwangu-5. Izindleko zayo ezijwayelekile zingama-ruble ayi-1632.
Indawo yokuqala - I-Interpower IP-1 Aqua
Le khamera engaphambili ilungele ukugxunyekwa ezimotweni eziningi, kusukela kubhajethi iKia Rio kuya kweyaphambilini yakwaNissan Murano.
Interpower ukubuyekezwa kwekhamera
Inzwa ye-CMOS ezwela ukukhanya enokulungiswa kwemigqa ye-TV engu-520 (amaphikseli angu-960 x 756) ibonisa isithombe sevidiyo esicacile esikrinini ezimeni zasemini nezasebusuku. Ngenxa yekilasi eliphezulu lokuvikela umswakama IP68 kanye newasha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, igajethi iqinisekisa umbono ozinzile wesimo somgwaqo uma ushayela lina, iqhwa noma umoya onamandla.
Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo:
- Ukulawula ukukhanya okuzenzakalelayo.
- Isici sokususwa kwe-glare.
- Iwasha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi isusa kahle.
Umthengi:
- Intambo yamandla emfushane - 1,2 m.
- I-engeli encane yokumboza - 110 °.
I-Interpower IP-950 Aqua iyikhamera yokubuka phambili ehamba phambili yemoto ngokusho kokubuyekezwa komsebenzisi we-Yandex Market. Kule sayithi, umkhiqizo uthole isilinganiso samaphoyinti angu-4,5 ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni ezingu-45. Isilinganiso senani legajethi ngu-1779 ₽.
Impendulo yomnikazi
Imibono yabashayeli mayelana nezinzuzo zamakhamera angaphambili iphikisana kakhulu. Abanye abasebenzisi babheka lawa madivaysi njengokungafaneleki, abanye bayavuma ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa umshini ngawo.
Ikhamera yokubuka phambili inikeza ukubonakala okuphezulu ezimweni eziphansi zokubonakala futhi ithuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela. Ngenxa yale divayisi, ngisho nomshayeli osanda kufunda uzokwazi ukubhekana nezinhlelo zokupaka ngaphandle kokulimaza ubhampa wemoto.
