Iyiphi i-voltage efanele yebhethri yemoto? Hlola indlela yokulinganisa i-voltage yebhethri? Yini oyidingayo imitha kanye ne-multimeter?

Abantu abaningi bazi mayelana nebhethri kuphela ukuthi likhona, nokuthi imoto izoqala yini kuncike ekushajweni kwayo. Akuvamile, abashayeli bacabange ngokusebenza kwayo. Ingabe ungomunye walabo abaziyo ukuthi iyini i-rectifier, imitha noma imitha ye-voltage? Uma unakekela ezifanele ukushajwa kwebhethri, ileveli ye-electrolyte noma i-voltage yebhethri, unganweba kakhulu impilo yayo futhi wonge ekushintsheni ibhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukugwema izinkinga ebusika kanye nezimanga ezingathandeki nabamukeli abaxhunywe ekufakweni. Ungahlola kanjani ukuthi ibhethri lemoto lisebenza ngokugcwele? Uzofunda!

I-voltage yebhethri - okudingeka ukwazi

Akuwona wonke amabhethri okuqalisa anokuphila isikhathi eside okufanayo. Abanye abasebenzisi bashintsha le element cishe minyaka yonke. Abanye bangasebenzisa imodeli efanayo iminyaka ngaphandle kokukhononda ngezinkinga zokuthungela, ukushaja noma ukusebenza kwezinto zikagesi. Kokubili ukusebenza kwebhethri kanye nezinga eliguga ngalo kuncike kakhulu endleleni imoto esetshenziswa ngayo. Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana nokushayela ikakhulukazi edolobheni (okungukuthi amabanga amafushane) kuzofinyeza kakhulu impilo yebhethri elinjalo. Ukushayela buthule amabanga amade kusho ukushaja okuphelele nokusebenza okude okungenazinkinga.

Ithini i-voltage yebhethri?

Isici esikuvumela ukuthi ushaje ibhethri ngenkathi ushayela i-alternator. Ixhunywe ngebhande enjinini futhi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ishaja ibhethri lemoto nge-voltage engaba ngu-12 V. Kodwa-ke, lena akuyona ishaja ekhiqiza amandla amakhulu, ngakho-ke, lapho ushayela amabanga amafushane, empeleni ayikwenzi. gcwalisa amandla alahlekile. ukuqala injini. Ngenxa yalokho, ingakwazi ukushaja njalo, okuholela ekugugeni ngokushesha kwebhethri yemoto. Izesekeli ezengeziwe ezengezwe abasebenzisi zingase ziqede ibhethri ngokushesha kakhulu (ikakhulukazi uma imile). Ngenhlanhla, ngemitha elula noma i-multimeter, ungakwazi ukuxilonga izinkinga ngokushesha. Kufanele ibe yini i-voltage yebhethri elungile?

Hlola ukuthi i-voltage yebhethri efanele kufanele ibe yini! Kungani ibalulekile?

Ukukala ukusebenza kwebhethri (okufana ne-voltage) ungasebenzisa ithuluzi elishibhile, okuyi-multimeter. Lena idivayisi yokulinganisa elula, izindleko zazo akufanele zidlule amashumi amaningana ama-zloty. Idivayisi izokuvumela ukuthi ulinganise i-voltage yebhethri, ulinganise ukusetshenziswa namandla amanje, futhi usize nokubala umthamo webhethri. Ukusebenza ngayo kulula futhi ngisho nomuntu ongenalo ulwazi angakwazi ukuyiphatha. Isihloli esinamathiselwe ebhethrini kufanele sibonise inani eliseduze ngangokunokwenzeka ku-12,8 V. Lena inani lamakhophi amasha aphuma efekthri anawo.

Sebenzisa i-voltmeter! Uma i-voltage yokushaja iphansi kakhulu?

Izinga likagesi lebhethri elisetshenzisiwe kufanele libe phakathi kuka-12,5 no-12,8 volts.

1. Uma i-voltmeter ikhombisa phakathi kuka-12 no-12,5 volts, yishaje ngevelu eliphezulu.
2. Nokho, uma inani elisele lingaphansi kuka-12V noma 11,8V, ibhethri kufanele lishajwe ngokushesha kusetshenziswa ishaja emiswe kahle.
3. Khona-ke kufanelekile futhi ukulinganisa amandla okupaka, okungafanele adlule ku-0,05 A. Amanani aphezulu abonisa inkinga ngokufakwa kukagesi noma ibhethri ngokwayo.

Kunini lapho kufanele unake ngokukhethekile ibhethri lemoto?

Izinga lokushaja noma i-voltage yebhethri engu-12V yizinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu kubashayeli ebusika. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kweziro, umthwalo webhethri ekuqaleni uphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle kuzokwenza ukuthi kuzwakale. Uma imoto ipakwe ngaphandle ebusuku, kuholela emakhazeni ajulile. Amandla okuqala adingekayo ukuze uqalise injini aphakeme kakhulu, okuholela ekugugeni ngokushesha kanye nezinkinga zokuqalisa njalo.

Iyini i-multimeter esetshenziselwa? Indlela yokulinganisa i-voltage yebhethri ngendlela efanele?

Hlola isimo sokushajwa ne-voltage yebhethri uma injini icishiwe. Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nemodeli yakho, sicela ubheke imanuwali efakiwe.

1. Ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuhlanza amatheminali futhi uxhume kokubili izintambo ze-multimeter ezifanele kuzo.
2. Isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokulinganisa amandla ebhethri cishe isigamu sehora ngemva kokucisha injini noma ukunqamula ibhethri eshajani.
3. I-multimeter ngokwayo kufanele isethelwe ukukala ama-volts angu-20 (uma ungafuni ukukala ibhethri yeloli ngama-volts angu-24, bese usetha ku-200 volts).
4. Ngemuva kokuthi inani lizinzile, uzothola umphumela wokugcina.

Ungashajwa kanjani ibhethri ngokuphepha?

Uma imiphumela ikhombisa isidingo sokushaja, kufanelekile ukulungisa okwamanje ebhethrini. Ukushaja kwamanje ngaphezu kuka-10% womthamo webhethri ngokuvamile akunconyiwe. Lokhu kuzothatha isikhathi eside (ikakhulukazi uma isivele ikhishwe ngokwanele), kodwa iqinisekisa ukuthi yonke inqubo ihamba kahle futhi ivumela ibhethri ukuthi ibuyele emgqeni ogcwele ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kokugcina i-voltage ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo enconyiwe, kanye nokuqapha izinga le-electrolyte (uma kukhona ibhethri elisebenzisekayo elifakwe amapulaki) kuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza okude nokungenazinkinga.

Uma ufuna ukugwema izindleko zokushintsha ezingadingekile, nakekela ugesi ofanele webhethri.Uzoba nesiqiniseko sokuthi imoto yakho ngeke ikulahlekise ngisho nasekuseni kubanda kakhulu.