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 | Uhlu oluphelele lwamabhethri ethuluzi lamandla emakethe lungase lubonakale lusabisa, kodwa empeleni lulula kakhulu kunokuba lubukeka. Wonke angahlanganiswa abe olulodwa lwezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, futhi umkhiqizi wethuluzi lamandla angenazintambo ngamunye wenza amabhethri namashaja emikhiqizo yawo kuphela, okusho ukuthi ukhawulelwe ethuluzini lakho. |
| Zontathu izinhlobo zamabhethri zisebenza ngomgomo ofanayo (bheka. Lisebenza kanjani ibhethri lethuluzi lamandla angenazintambo?), kodwa abe namakhemikhali ahlukene. Lawa amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium (NiCd), i-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) kanye ne-lithium-ion (Li-ion). |
| I-voltage yebhethri namandla angomunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamabhethri. Zixoxwa kabanzi ekhasini Yimaphi amasayizi nezisindo zamabhethri zamathuluzi wamandla angenantambo atholakalayo? |
I-Nickel cadmium |
| Amabhethri e-Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi alungile uma udinga ukusebenzisela amabhethri okuvamile, umsebenzi onzima kanye nosuku ngalunye. Basabela kahle ekushajweni okuphindaphindiwe bese besetshenziswa. Ukuwashiya kumashaja futhi uwasebenzise ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela kuzonciphisa ukuphila kwawo. |
| Angashajwa kabusha izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-1,000 ngaphambi kokuba izinga lawo lokusebenza liqale ukwehla. |
| Angashajwa futhi asetshenziswe emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunamanye amakhemikhali anomthelela omubi omncane ebhethrini. |
| Amabhethri e-NiCd azikhipha ngokwawo (kancane kancane alahlekelwa ukushajwa kwawo ngisho nalapho engasetshenziswa) ngesikhathi sokulondoloza, kodwa hhayi ngokushesha njengamabhethri e-NiMH. |
| Kulezi zinhlobo ezintathu, amabhethri e-NiCd anomthamo wamandla aphansi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi adinga ukuba makhudlwana futhi asinde ukuze alethe amandla afanayo njengebhethri le-NiMH noma i-Li-Ion. |
| Kudingeka futhi ukuthi zikhishwe bese zishajwa kabusha njalo ukuze kuvinjelwe "umphumela wenkumbulo" (bona ngezansi). Ungashaja kanjani ibhethri le-nickel lamathuluzi wamandla), elimisa ibhethri. |
| Ukulahlwa kwamabhethri e-nickel-cadmium nakho kuyinkinga ngoba aqukethe izinto ezinobuthi eziyingozi emvelweni. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa kabusha. |
I-Nickel metal hydride |
| Inzuzo enkulu yamabhethri e-nickel metal hydride (NiMH) aphinde ashajwe nge-NiCd ukuthi ahlinzeka ngamandla afinyelela ku-40% aphezulu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingaba zincane futhi zibelula, kodwa zisahlinzeka ngenani elifanayo lamandla. Nokho, azihlali isikhathi eside. |
| Zisetshenziswa kangcono emisebenzini engasindi, njengoba amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa kanzima kunganciphisa ukuphila kwebhethri kusuka kumjikelezo wokushaja/wokukhipha okungu-300-500 kuye ku-200-300. |
| Nakuba amabhethri e-NiMH edinga ukushajwa ngokugcwele ngezikhathi ezithile, awathambekele emiphumeleni yenkumbulo njengamabhethri e-NiCad. |
| Amabhethri e-NiMH aqukethe ubuthi obuncane kuphela, ngakho-ke anobungani bemvelo. |
| Zidinga isikhathi eside sokushaja kune-NiCd ngoba zishisisa kalula, okungase kuzilimaze. Futhi banesilinganiso sokuzikhulula esishesha ngo-50% kunamabhethri e-NiCd. |
| Amabhethri e-NiMH abiza cishe ngo-20% kunamabhethri e-NiCd, kodwa ngokuvamile abhekwa njengokufanelekile ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo okuphezulu kwamandla. |
i-lithium ion |
| I-Lithium iyinsimbi elula eyenza kalula ama-ion (bona Lisebenza kanjani ibhethri lethuluzi lamandla angenazintambo?), ngakho-ke ilungele ukwenza amabhethri. |
| Amabhethri aphinde ashajwa i-Lithium-ion (i-Li-ion) angamabhethri abiza kakhulu angenantambo, kodwa mancane kakhulu futhi alula futhi anamandla aphindwe kabili ukuminyana kwamabhethri e-nickel-cadmium. |
| Ngaphezu kwalokho, azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngoba azikho ngaphansi komphumela wenkumbulo. |
| Nakuba ezikhipha ngokwawo, isilinganiso siyingxenye yamabhethri e-nickel-cadmium. Amanye amabhethri e-lithium-ion angagcinwa izinsuku ezingama-500 ngaphandle kokudinga ukushajwa ngokuzayo lapho esetshenziswa. |
| Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zintekenteke impela futhi zidinga umjikelezo wokuvikela oqapha i-voltage nezinga lokushisa ukuvikela ukulimala kwebhethri. Ziphinde ziguge ngokushesha, ukusebenza kwazo kuncipha ngokuphawulekayo ngemva konyaka. |
