Yiziphi izinhlobo ezi-5 ezihlukene zama-turbocharger?

Ama-Turbocharger avumela amasilinda ukuthi amunce umoya owengeziwe kanye nophethiloli, okuholela emandleni engeziwe. Izinhlobo ezi-5 ezahlukene zama-turbocharger zenzelwe ukusiza imoto

Un i-turbocharger Lolu uhlelo lokucindezela lapho i-centrifugal turbine ishayela isondo lokucindezela nge-shaft coaxial ngalo ukuze iminyanise amagesi. Lolu hlobo lwesistimu luvame ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, zombili izinjini zikadizili nezikaphethiloli.

Isebenza kanjani i-turbocharger?

El i-turbocharger Iqukethe i-turbine eqhutshwa amagesi e-exhaust enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, e-axis lapho kufakwe khona i-centrifugal compressor, ethatha umoya womkhathi ngemva kokudlula isihlungi somoya futhi iwucindezele ukuba unikezwe amasilinda ngomfutho ophakeme. kunomkhathi.

Ngamanye amazwi, umsebenzi i-turbocharger kulokhu, ukucindezelwa kwengxube kaphethiloli nomoya okwethulwa kumasilinda, ukuze injini ithole ingxube eningi kunalokho ebingayithola ngokumunca amapiston kuphela. Le nqubo ibizwa nge-supercharging futhi inyusa amandla emoto.

Nokho, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ama-turbocharger futhi nakuba bonke benomgomo ofanayo, banezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza.

Ngakho-ke, lapha sizokutshela ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezahlukene ama-turbocharger.

1.- i-turbocharger isikulufa

Ukusebenza kwe-screw compressor kusekelwe kuma-rotor amabili (owesilisa nowesifazane) azungeza ngokuhambisana kodwa ngokuphambene; okungukuthi, i-rotor yesilisa ingena emgodini we-rotor yesifazane futhi idale igumbi lapho umoya wokungenisa uqoqa khona.

Bese bezungeza ngaphakathi kwendwangu, baphoqelele umoya ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye, okwenza ukuba ujikeleze kubo bobabili ophephela bese uqonda ngqo endaweni ephambene nendawo yokudonsa, lapho kuba khona ukwanda kokucindezela ngenxa yokuncipha kwesikhala. 

Lokhu kugudluzwa okuqhubekayo kwezikulufu kuqongelela umoya endaweni yokucindezela kuze kufinyelelwe ingcindezi edingekayo, bese umoya udedelwa ku-outlet.

2.- i-turbocharger pheqa

i-turbocharger ukupheqa kabili zidinga indawo ehlukanisiwe ye-turbine yezindlu kanye ne-exhaust manifold exhuma amasilinda enjini alungile kumqulu ngamunye.

Isibonelo, enjini ene-cylinder ene-1-3-4-2 yokudubula, amasilinda 1 no-4 anganika amandla injini ye-turbo eyodwa, kanti amasilinda 2 no-3 anganika amandla okufuduka okuhlukile. Lo mklamo uhlinzeka ngokudluliswa kwamandla okusebenza kahle kakhudlwana ukusuka kumagesi aphumayo ukuya ku-turbo futhi usiza ukuletha umoya ominyene, ohlanzekile kusilinda ngayinye. Amandla engeziwe athunyelwa ku-exhaust turbine, okusho amandla engeziwe. 

3.- i-turbocharger ipiston

Lena enye ye ama-turbocharger eyaziwa futhi isebenza lapho umoya udonswa kusilinda ngepiston eshayelwa induku yokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft. I-piston, yenza ukunyakaza okuhlanekezela, icindezela umoya ngaphakathi kwesilinda bese iwukhulula lapho ifinyelela ukucindezela okudingekayo.

4.- i-turbocharger izitshalo ezimpande

Lolu hlobo Ama-turbocharger Ivamise ukutholakala ezimotweni zikadizili, inamagiya amabili acindezela umoya kuyilapho ezungeza ezinhlangothini eziphambene. 

5.- i-turbocharger ukungabi nalutho

Este i-turbocharger Isetshenziswa ezimotweni ezingakwazi ukudala i-vacuum edingekayo epayipini lokungena, njengezinjini zokujova eziqondile, izinjini ze-turbo noma izinjini ezine-valve actuation. 

Okwenziwa i-vacuum compressor ukumunca umoya, ukuwucindezela, futhi uwuphoqelele ekhanda lesilinda.

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