Ungaqala kanjani imoto lapho kubanda? Umhlahlandlela
Ngisho emazingeni okushisa asondele ku-zero degrees Celsius, kungase kube nezinkinga ukuqalisa injini yemoto. Ukuze uvimbele izimo ezinjalo, udinga ukulungiselela kahle imoto yakho ebusika.
Ekuseni okuneqhwa, ukuthi singayiqala yini injini futhi sishiye indawo yokupaka kuncike kakhulu esimweni sebhethri.
Ibhethri isisekelo
Njengamanje, amabhethri amaningi afakwe ezimotweni awadingi ukulungiswa. Hlola isimo sabo - ukusebenza kwebhethri nokushaja kwamanje kungaba indawo yesevisi kuphela. Nokho, kukhona amalambu aluhlaza nabomvu emzimbeni. Uma okokugcina kukhanyisa, igalaji lidinga ukushajwa kabusha.
“Ngaphambi kwasebusika, ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono ukuhlola isimo sebhethri egaraji, ngenxa yalokho okungagwenywa izimanga eziningi ezingajabulisi,” kugcizelela uPaweł Kukielka, umongameli weRycar Bosch Service eBiałystok.
Amabhethri angalungiswanga akufanele akhishwe futhi ayiswe ekhaya ngobusuku bonke. Ukusebenza okunjalo kungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zemoto. Isimo sihlukile ngebhethri lesevisi. Singayishaja ekhaya ngokuyixhuma kushaja. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi ungakhokhisi ngokweqile.
Kunconywa ukuhlola izinga le-electrolyte njalo emavikini ambalwa. Uma kunesidingo, singasengeza ngokungeza amanzi acwecwe ukuze uketshezi lumboze amapuleti okuhola ebhethri. Qaphela ukuthi ungatholi isisombululo se-electrolyte ezandleni noma emehlweni akho njengoba konakala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngaphandle kosizo lukamakhenikha, ngeke sihlole isimo se-electrolyte.
Qaphela izibani, ukufudumeza nomsakazo
Khumbula ukuthi awukwazi ukuletha kulokho okuthiwa ukukhishwa okujulile kwebhethri. Uma lokhu kwenzeka futhi i-voltage ekuyo yehla ngaphansi kwe-10 V, lokhu kuzodala izinguquko zamakhemikhali ezingenakuhlehliswa futhi umthamo webhethri uzokwehla ngendlela engenakuhlehliswa. Ngakho-ke, akufanele ushiye izibani, umsakazo noma ukushisa emotweni. Ukukhishwa okujulile kungasinda kuphela amabhethri ekhwalithi ephezulu futhi yakhelwe, isibonelo, izikebhe. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo kufanele sigcine ngokushintsha ibhethri elisha, futhi ayikho indlela ekhethekile yokwenza lokhu.
Ngaphandle kokuvakashela isevisi, umshayeli ngamunye angakwazi ukunakekela izinsimbi kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwebhethri nesistimu kagesi. Okokuqala, zidinga ukuhlanzwa, futhi okwesibili, kufanele zimbozwe ngomkhiqizo otholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimoto, njenge-technical petroleum jelly noma i-silicone spray.
I-Starter ne-spark plugs kufanele ibe ngohlelo lokusebenza.
Ngaphezu kwebhethri egcwele ngokugcwele, isiqalisi esihle sibalulekile. Ezinjinini ze-diesel, ngaphambi kobusika, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlola isimo samapulaki akhanyayo. Uma zonakele mancane amathuba okuthi imoto iqale ukusebenza. Emayunithi anenjini kaphethiloli, kufanelekile ukunaka kancane ama-spark plugs nezintambo ezizondla ngogesi.
Ukuthungela
Abanye omakhenikha batusa ukuvusa ibhethri ekuseni ngokukhanyisa izibani zangaphambili imizuzu engu-2-3. Nokho, ngokusho kukaPavel Kukelka, lokhu kungaba usizo ezinhlotsheni ezindala zamabhethri. - Emiklamo yesimanje, sibhekene nokulungela njalo umsebenzi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhuthazwa kokwenziwa.
Ngemva kokuvula ukhiye ekuseni okubandayo, kufanelekile ukulinda imizuzwana embalwa ukuze iphampu kaphethiloli impompe isistimu kaphethiloli ngokwanele noma ukushisa amapulaki akhanyayo ekushiseni okufanelekile kwedizili. Lesi sakamuva sibonakaliswa yisibani esiwolintshi ngendlela yokuvunguza. Ungaqali ukuguqula isiqalisi size sicishe. Umzamo owodwa akufanele weqe imizuzwana eyi-10. Ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, ingaphindaphindwa njalo ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezinhlanu.
Ngemva kokuqalisa imoto, ungafaki igesi ngokushesha, kodwa linda cishe umzuzu owodwa ukuze uwoyela wenjini usabalalise kuyo yonke injini. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungaqhubeka, noma uqale ukuhlanza imoto eqhweni, uma singazange sikunakekele lokhu ngaphambili. Ngokuphambene nalokho okubonakala kunjalo, ukufudumala idrayivu isikhathi eside akuyona ingozi. Into eyinhloko ukuthi amakhilomitha okuqala ngemva kokushiya indawo yokupaka udinga ukushayela ngokuthula.
ISIVUMELWANO
Izintambo zokuxhuma eziwusizo
Uma imoto ingaqali, ungazama ukudubula injini ngokuxhuma ibhethri kwenye ibhethri ngezintambo zokuvutha. Uma singenakuthembela kumakhelwane owusizo, singabiza itekisi.
– Uma lokhu kungasizi, ibhethri kufanele ihlolwe esiteshini sesevisi, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ishintshwe, wengeza u-Paweł Lezerecki, umphathi wesevisi ye-Euromaster Opmar eKhoroszcz eduze kwase-Białystok.
Uma usebenzisa izintambo zokuxhuma, qala ngokuxhuma iziphetho ezinhle zawo womabili amabhethri, uqale ngalena engasebenzi. Intambo yesibili ixhuma isigxobo esinegethivu sebhethri elisebenzayo emzimbeni wemoto ephukile noma ingxenye engapendiwe yenjini. Inqubo yokunqamula izintambo ihlehlisiwe. Umshayeli wemoto esisebenzisa ugesi kuyona kufanele engeze igesi futhi ayigcine ku-2000 rpm. Ngemva kwalokho singazama ukuqala imoto yethu. Kufanele futhi sikhumbule ukuthi akufanele sithathe ugesi ebhethri yeloli, ngoba esikhundleni 12 V ngokuvamile 24 V.
Lapho uthenga izintambo zokuxhuma, khumbula ukuthi akufanele zibe mncane kakhulu, njengoba zingase zishise ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukucacisa kusengaphambili ukuthi amandla amanje ebhethri emotweni yethu ayini futhi ubuze umdayisi mayelana nezintambo ezifanele.
Ungalokothi uziqhenye
Ngaphansi kwezimo akufanele uqale imoto yokuziqhenya. Lokhu kungalimaza isiguquli se-catalytic, futhi kudizili kulula ukunqamula ibhande lesikhathi futhi kubangele ukulimala okukhulu kwenjini.
Njengoba uchwepheshe engeza, akufanele neze uqale imoto ngokuziqhenya, ikakhulukazi idizili, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuphuka noma ukweqa ibhande lesikhathi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwehluleka okukhulu kwenjini.
Ezimotweni ezinenjini kadizili, uphethiloli ungabanda emigqeni. Khona-ke isixazululo kuphela ukufaka imoto egaraji elishisayo. Ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, injini kufanele iqale ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Uma lokhu kuphumelela, kufanelekile ukungeza okuthiwa. ukucindezeleka, okuzokwandisa ukumelana nophethiloli emvuleni yamakristalu kapharafini kuwo. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuvimbeleni izimo ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wasebusika nakho kuyindaba ebalulekile. Lokhu kubalulekile ku-diesel kanye ne-autogas.
Usongo olukhulu ekusebenzeni kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwamafutha emazingeni okushisa aphansi amanzi anqwabelana kuwo. Uma iba yiqhwa, izokhawulela ukunikezwa kwenani elifanele likaphethiloli, elingabangela injini ukuba ingasebenzi kahle noma ngisho ime. Ukuze lokhu kungenzeki, kungcono ukushintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli ufake esisha ngaphambi kobusika.
Ukushajwa kwebhethri
Uma kukhona i-transformer rectifier, bheka inkomba yamanje yokushaja (kuma-ampere - A) ize yehlele ku-0-2A. Khona-ke uyazi ukuthi ibhethri ishajiwe. Le nqubo ithatha amahora angafika kwangu-24. Uma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sineshaja ye-elekthronikhi, ukukhanya okukhanyayo okubomvu ngokuvamile kubonisa ukuphela kokushaja. Lapha, isikhathi sokusebenza ngokuvamile amahora ambalwa.
Petr Valchak
isithombe: Wojciech Wojtkiewicz
