Indlela yokufaka esikhundleni i-starter relay

Izilayidi zokuqalisa zinephutha uma kunenkinga yokuqalisa injini, isiqalisi sihlala simatasa ngemva kokuyiqala, noma umsindo wokuchofoza uvela kusiqalisi.

I-Starter relay, evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi i-starter solenoid, iyingxenye yemoto eshintsha amandla kagesi amakhulu iye kusiqalisi ekukhanyeni kwamandla amancane okulawula futhi yona eshayela injini. Amandla ayo awehlukaniseki kulawo we-transistor, ngaphandle kokuthi isebenzisa i-electromagnetic solenoid esikhundleni se-semiconductor ukuze ikhiqize kabusha ukushintshana. Ezimotweni eziningi, i-solenoid iphinde ixhunywe egiyeni le-starter ngegiya leringi yenjini.

Wonke ama-relay aqalayo ama-electromagnets alula, ahlanganisa ikhoyili kanye ne-armature yensimbi elayishwe entwasahlobo. Lapho i-current idlula ikhoyili ye-relay, i-armature iyanyakaza, ikhulise i-current. Uma i-current ivaliwe, inkontileka ye-armature.

Ku-starter relay, lapho ukhiye uvulwa ekuthutheni kwemoto, ukunyakaza kwe-armature kuvala izixhumanisi ezisindayo ezisebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwebhethri nesiqalisi. Ukuze i-relay yesiqalisi isebenze kahle, kufanele ithole amandla anele ebhethri. Amabhethri ashajwe ngaphansi, uxhumo olugqwalile, nezintambo zebhethri ezilimele zingavimbela isilayidi sokuqala ekutholeni amandla anele ukuze sisebenze kahle.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukuchofoza kuvame ukuzwakala uma ukhiye wokuthungela uphendulwa. Ngenxa yokuthi iqukethe izingxenye ezihambayo, i-starter relay ngokwayo nayo ingahluleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma lokhu kwehluleka, ukuthungela akwenzi msindo uma ukhiye wokuthungela uphendulwa.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-starter relays: ama-starter relay angaphakathi kanye nama-relay angaphandle okuqala. Ama-relay okuqalisa angaphakathi akhelwe kusiqalisi. I-relay iyiswishi efakwe ngaphandle kwendlu yokuqala endlini yayo. Ezimweni eziningi lapho isiqalisi sihluleka, ngokuvamile i-starter relay ehlulekayo, hhayi i-armature noma igiya.

Iziqalisi ezidluliswayo zangaphandle zihlukene nesiqalisi. Ngokuvamile zifakwa ngaphezu kwe-fender noma ku-firewall yemoto. Lolu hlobo lwesilayidi sokuqala lunikwa amandla ebhethri ngqo futhi lusebenza ngokhiye osuka lapho usuka khona. I-external starter relay isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-interstarter relay yangaphakathi; Nokho, ukumelana okwengeziwe kusetshenziswa kumasekhethi. Kunezintambo ezisuka kusiqalisi sokuqalisa esingaphandle eziya kusiqalisi ezingase zikhiqize ukushisa okwengeziwe uma intambo ingusayizi ongalungile.

Futhi, iziqalisi ezidluliswayo zangaphandle ngokuvamile zifinyeleleka kalula ukuze othile akwazi ukuxhuma isixhumanisi se-fuse ku-amplifier yesitiriyo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhle; kodwa-ke, lapho i-booster isebenza futhi i-starter motor iqala ukusebenza, i-relay ingakhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu kakhulu, ibhubhise amaphuzu okuxhumana ngaphakathi futhi inikeze i-starter relay ingasebenzi.

Izimpawu ze-starter relay embi zihlanganisa inkinga yokuqalisa imoto, isiqalisi sihlale sivuliwe ngemva kokuba injini iqalile, nomsindo wokuchofoza ophuma kusiqalisi. Kwesinye isikhathi i-starter relay ihlala inamandla, okwenza ukuthi igiya lokuqalisa lihlale lihambisana negiya leringi yenjini noma injini izijikela yodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, othintana nabo abagqwalile banganikeza ukumelana okuphezulu ku-relay, ukuvimbela uxhumano oluhle lokudlulisa.

Amakhodi okukhanya enjini ahlobene ne-starter relay ezimotweni ezilawulwa ngekhompuyutha:

p0615, p0616

Ingxenye 1 kwezi-4: Ukuhlola Isimo Se-Starter Relay

Izinto ezidingekayo

• Okukhukhumalisa amakhekhe
• amanzi

Isinyathelo sesi-1: Zama ukuqalisa injini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ukhiye ekushintsheni kokushisa bese uwuphendulela endaweni yokuqala.

Kukhona imisindo emi-3 ehlukene engasakazwa lapho isiqalisi sokudlulisa sihluleka: isiqalisi siyachofoza kunokuba isiqalisi singene, ukugaya okuphezulu kwegiya lokuqalisa kuhlala kubambene, nomsindo wenjini uqala kancane.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa omunye wemisindo lapho i-starter relay ihluleka. Yomithathu imisindo izwakala uma isiqalisi se-relay sincibilikise abathintwayo ngaphakathi.

Uma abathintwayo bencibilika ngaphakathi kwesilayidi sokuqala, ukuchofoza kungase kuzwakale lapho uzama ukuqalisa injini. Uma uzama ukuqalisa injini futhi, injini ingase inyakaze kancane ekuqaleni. Izixhumi ezincibilikisiwe zingagcina igiya lesiqalisi lixhumene negiya leringi ngemuva kokuqala.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Susa ikhava yephaneli yefuse, uma ikhona.. Thola i-starter relay circuit fuse futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isesimweni esihle.

Uma i-fuse ishaywa, yishintshe, kodwa ungazami ukuqala imoto ngaphandle kokuhlola izifunda zokuqala.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Bheka ibhethri bese ubheka amatheminali. Uxhumo olubi lwebhethri ludala izimpawu ze-relay embi yesiqalisi.

• Ukunakwa: Uma izigxobo zebhethri zigqwalile, zihlanze ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuhlola. Ungasebenzisa i-baking soda namanzi okuxutshwe ukuhlanza ibhethri ekugqwaleni. Futhi, uzodinga ukusebenzisa ibhulashi letheminali ukuze ukhuhle ukugqwala okuqinile. Uma wenza kanjalo, gqoka izibuko zokuzivikela.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Hlola amatheminali noxhumo lwekhebula ku-starter relay kanye nendawo yokuqalisa izindlu.. Ukuphela okuxekethile kwetheminali kubonisa ukuxhumana okuvulekile ngaphakathi kwesilayidi sokuqala.

Izintambo ezixekethile zibangela izinkinga ngesifunda sokuqala futhi zenze isimo lapho ukuqala kungenakwenzeka.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Hlola i-jumper ku-relay yangaphakathi yesiqalisi.. Qiniseka ukuthi ayishi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi intambo encane evela kuswishi yokuthungela ayixegi.

Ingxenye 2 kokungu-4: Ukuhlola Ibhethri kanye Nomjikelezo Wokudluliswa Kwesiqalisi

Izinto ezidingekayo

• Isihloli sokulayishwa kwebhethri
• I-DVOM (i-digital volt/ohmmeter)
• Izibuko zokuphepha
• I-Sun Vat-40 / Ferret-40 (Uma uthanda)
• Isiqalisi se-Jumper

Isinyathelo 1: Gqoka izibuko zakho. Ungasebenzi kwibhethri noma eduze kwayo ngaphandle kokuvikela iso.

Isinyathelo sesi-2 Xhuma i-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40 ebhethrini.. Vula iknobhu bese ushaja ibhethri libe ngu-12.6 volts.

Ibhethri kufanele ibambe ukushajwa okungaphezu kuka-9.6 volts.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Hlola kabusha ibhethri nge-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40.. Vula iknobhu bese ushaja ibhethri libe ngu-12.6 volts.

Ibhethri kufanele ibambe ukushajwa okungaphezu kuka-9.6 volts.

Uma umthamo webhethri ungaphansi kuka-12.45 volts ngaphambi kokuyilayisha, udinga ukushaja ibhethri ize ishajwe ngokugcwele. Ishaja egcwele ingu-12.65 volts, kanti ukushaja okungamaphesenti angama-75 kungu-12.45 volts.

• Ukuvimbela: Ungalihloli ibhethri imizuzwana engaphezu kweyi-10, ngaphandle kwalokho ibhethri lingahluleka noma livuze i-asidi. Linda imizuzwana engu-30 phakathi kokuhlolwa ukuze ibhethri liphole.

• UkunakwaA: Uma ungenayo i-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40, ungasebenzisa noma yisiphi isihloli sokulayisha ibhethri.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Xhuma inzwa ye-inductive. Xhuma i-pickup (i-amp wire) esuka ku-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40 kukhebuli yesilayishi sokuqala.

Lena intambo esuka ebhethrini iye kusiqalisi esidluliswayo.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Izama ukuqalisa imoto. Njengoba i-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40 ibheke kuwe, vula ukhiye endaweni yokuqala bese uzama ukuqala imoto.

Gcina umbhalo walokho ukuthi i-voltage yehla kangakanani nokuthi inyuka kangakanani yamanje. Bhala phansi ukufundwa ukuze uqhathanise nezilungiselelo zasefekthri. Ungasebenzisa i-jumper yokuqala ukuze udlule iswishi yokushisa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi iswishi yokuthungela isesimweni esihle.

• UkunakwaA: Uma ungenayo i-Sun Vat-40 noma i-Ferret-40, ungasebenzisa i-DVOM, i-digital volt/ohmmeter, ne-inductive pickup (okukhiphayo kwe-amp) ukuze uhlole amandla entambo kusukela ebhethrini kuya i-starter relay kuphela. . Ngeke ukwazi ukuhlola ukwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi nalokhu kuhlolwa nge-DVOM.

Ingxenye 3 kwezi-4: Ukushintsha I-Starter Relay

Izinto ezidingekayo

• izikrini zesokhethi
• ezihuquzelayo
• Isixubho esilahlwayo
• I-DVOM (i-digital volt/ohmmeter)
• UJack
• UJack umile
• Ilondoloza ibhethri lama-volt ayisishiyagalolunye
• I-Ratchet ene-metric namasokhethi ajwayelekile
• Izibuko zokuphepha
• Intambo yokuphepha
• Isiqalisi se-Jumper
• Ibhulashi lokuhlanza letheminali
• Amasokisi wesondo

Isinyathelo 1: Paka imoto yakho endaweni esezingeni eliqinile.. Qinisekisa ukuthi ugesi usepaki (ukusebenzisa ugesi ozishintshayo) noma igiya loku-1 (umshini ozishintshayo).

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Beka ama-chock amasondo emathangeni ashiywe phansi.. Kulokhu, ama-wheel chock azungeze amasondo angaphambili ngoba ingemuva lemoto lizophakanyiswa.

Faka ibhuleki lokupaka ukuze uvimbe amasondo angemuva.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Faka ibhethri lama-volt ayisishiyagalolunye kusilayidi sikagwayi.. Lokhu kugcina ikhompuyutha yakho isesikhathini futhi izilungiselelo zakho zisesikhathini samanje emotweni.

Uma ungenayo ibhethri lama-volt ayisishiyagalolunye, akunankinga.

Isinyathelo 4: Nqamula ibhethri. Vula ihood yemoto uma ingakavulwa ukuze unqamule ibhethri.

Khipha intambo yaphansi kutheminali yebhethri enegethivu ngokuvala amandla kumaswishi ewindi lamandla.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Phakamisa imoto. Gqokisa imoto ezindaweni ezikhonjisiwe kuze kube yilapho amasondo esuka phansi ngokuphelele.

Isinyathelo sesi-6: Setha ama-jack. Izitebhisi ze-jack kufanele zibekwe ngaphansi kwamaphoyinti okujeqa.

Yehlisa imoto phezu kojeke. Ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje, izindawo zokunamathisela i-jack stand zisendaweni yokushisela ngaphansi kweminyango ngezansi kwemoto.

Ku-relay yangaphandle yesiqalisi:

Isinyathelo sesi-7: Khipha isikulufu sokukhweza nekhebuli kusuka kusilayidi kuya kusiqalisi.. Qiniseka ukuthi ulebula ikhebula.

Isinyathelo sesi-8: Khipha isikulufu sokukhweza kanye nekhebula ku-relay ukuya kubhethri.. Qiniseka ukuthi ulebula ikhebula.

Isinyathelo sesi-9: Khipha isikulufu sokukhweza kanye nentambo ku-relay kuya kuswishi yokuthungela.. Ungakhohlwa ukulebula ucingo.

Isinyathelo 10 Susa amabhawodi afakayo avikela i-relay ku-fender noma ku-firewall.. Susa i-relay kubakaki, uma ikhona.

Ku-relay yangaphakathi yesiqalisi:

Isinyathelo sesi-11: Bamba i-creeper bese ungena ngaphansi kwemoto.. Thola isiqalisi senjini.

Isinyathelo 12: Nqamula ikhebula kusuka ku-relay kuya ebhethri. Qiniseka ukuthi ulebula ikhebula.

Isinyathelo se-13: Nqamula ikhebula kusuka endlini yokuqalisa uye kubhulokhi yesilinda.. Qiniseka ukuthi ulebula ikhebula.

• Ukunakwa: Ungahambi ngombala njengoba izintambo eziningi zokuqalisa zimnyama futhi zingalingana nobude.

Isinyathelo se-14: Nqamula intambo encane kusuka ku-relay kuya kuswishi yokuthungela.. Ungakhohlwa ukulebula ucingo.

Isinyathelo 15: Susa amabhawodi okufaka isiqalisi.. Amanye amakhanda ebhawodi asongwe ngocingo lokuphepha.

Uzodinga ukusika ucingo lokuphepha ngezinqamuli eziseceleni ngaphambi kokukhipha amabhawodi.

• Ukunakwa: Lapho ukhipha isiqalisi, lungiselela injini. Abanye abaqalayo bangaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-120 kuye ngohlobo lwemoto osebenza ngayo.

Isinyathelo 16: Khipha isiqalisi enjinini.. Thatha i-starter uyibeke ebhentshini.

Isinyathelo sesi-17: Susa izikulufu zokukhweza ku-relay kusiqalisi.. Beka i-relay.

Hlola isimo soxhumana nabo lapho i-relay ixhunywe khona. Uma abathintwayo BALUNGILE, ungabahlanza ngendwangu engena-lint. Uma othintana nabo bonakele, ukuhlanganiswa kwesiqalisi kufanele kushintshwe.

Ku-relay yangaphandle yesiqalisi:

Isinyathelo 18: Faka I-Relay Kubakaki. Faka amabhawudi akhwezayo ukuze uvikele ukudluliselwa ku-fender noma ku-firewall.

Isinyathelo 19: Faka isikulufu esivikela intambo kusukela ku-relay kuya kuswishi yokubasa..

Isinyathelo sama-20: Faka ikhebuli nesikulufu sokukhweza kusuka ku-relay kuya kubhethri..

Isinyathelo sesi-21: Faka ikhebuli nesikulufu sokukhweza kusuka ku-relay kuya kusiqalisi..

Ku-relay yangaphakathi yesiqalisi:

Isinyathelo 22: Faka i-relay entsha endlini yokuqala.. Faka izikulufu zokukhweza bese unamathisela isiqalisi esisha kusiqalisi.

Isinyathelo 23: Sula isiqalisi bese ungena ngaphansi kwemoto ngaso.. Faka isiqalisi kusilinda block.

Isinyathelo 24: Faka ibhawudi elikhwezayo ukuze uvikele isiqalisi.. Ngenkathi ubambe isiqalisi, faka ibhawudi lokukhweza ngesinye isandla ukuze uvikele isiqalisi enjinini.

Uma ibhawudi lokukhweza selingenile, ungakwazi ukukhulula isiqalisi futhi kufanele sihlale sisendaweni.

Isinyathelo 25: Faka isethi esele yamabhawudi akhwezayo. Ngakho-ke, isiqalo sinamathele ngokugcwele ku-cylinder block.

• Ukunakwa: Uma noma imaphi ama-gaskets ewa ngemuva kokukhipha isiqalisi, abuyisele phakathi. Ungawashiyi endaweni. Futhi, uma bekumele ukhiphe intambo yokuphepha emakhanda ebhawodi, qiniseka ukuthi ufake intambo yokuphepha entsha. Ungayishiyi intambo yokuphepha njengoba amabhawodi okuqalisa angase axege futhi awe.

Isinyathelo 26: Faka ikhebula kusuka enjinini uye endaweni yokuqala..

Isinyathelo 27: Faka ikhebula kusuka kubhethri kuya kokuthunyelwe okudluliselwe..

Isinyathelo sama-28: Faka intambo encane ukusuka kumshini wokuthungela ukuya esikhumbeni..

Isinyathelo 29: Xhuma kabusha ikhebuli yaphansi kokuthunyelwe kwebhethri okunegethivu.. Susa i-nine volt fuse ku-lighter kagwayi.

Isinyathelo sesi-30: Qinisa i-clamp yebhethri. Qiniseka ukuthi uxhumano luhle.

Uma ubungenaso isilondolozi samandla esingamavolthi ayisishiyagalolunye, kuzodingeka ukuthi usethe kabusha zonke izilungiselelo emotweni yakho, njengomsakazo, izihlalo zikagesi, nezibuko zikagesi.

Isinyathelo sesi-31: Phakamisa imoto. Gqokisa imoto ezindaweni ezikhonjisiwe kuze kube yilapho amasondo esuka phansi ngokuphelele.

Isinyathelo sesi-32: Susa Izitendi zikaJack.

Isinyathelo sesi-33: Yehlisa imoto ukuze wonke amasondo amane abe phansi.. Akhiphe ujeke awubeke eceleni.

Isinyathelo sesi-34: Susa ama-chock amasondo.

Ingxenye 4 kwezi-4: Hlola ukushayela imoto

Isinyathelo 1: Faka ukhiye kuswishi yokuthungela bese uyiphendulela endaweni yokuqala.. Injini kufanele iqale ngokujwayelekile.

Isinyathelo 2: Shayela imoto uzungeze ibhulokhi. Ngesikhathi sokuhlola, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola amageji ebhethri noma izibani zenjini.

Uma isibani senjini sikhanya ngemva kokufaka isilayidi sokuqalisa, isistimu yokuqalisa ingase idinge ukuxilonga okwengeziwe noma kungase kube nenkinga kagesi kusekhethi yeswishi yokushisa. Uma inkinga iqhubeka, xhumana nomunye wochwepheshe abaqinisekisiwe be-AvtoTachki ukuze uthole indawo.