Ungawakhetha kanjani ama-spark plugs emotweni yakho?

Ukubaluleka kwama-spark plugs

I-spark plug iyinto esebenzisekayo. Ukukhetha okungalungile noma okungalungile kwale ngxenye elula kungaholela ekulungisweni okukhulu kwenjini. Kodwa-ke, uma umshayeli ekhohlwa ngakho, ikhandlela lizozikhumbuza ngokwalo. Ubunzima bokuqalisa, ukusebenza kwenjini okungazinzile, amandla ancishisiwe, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Yiqiniso, imbangela yazo zonke lezi zinkinga ingase ingabi amakhandlela, kodwa okokuqala kuyadingeka ukuyihlola. Lapho injini isebenza, i-spark plug iyashisa. Ngemithwalo ephansi, ukuze ugweme ukwakheka kwe-soot, ikhandlela kufanele lishiswe ekushiseni okungenani kuka-400-500 ° C. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuzihlanza kwayo. Ngemithwalo ephezulu, ukushisa akufanele kudlule i-1000 ° C. Uma kungenjalo, isilinda singabamba umlilo. Ukuthungela ukuthungela ingxube evuthayo kusilinda hhayi ngenhlansi, kodwa ngama-electrode akhanyayo epulaki yenhlansi.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela

Uma i-spark plug isebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elishiwo, khona-ke lokhu "kujwayelekile" enjinini. Uma i-spark plug ingafinyeleli ezingeni lokushisa lokuzihlanza, "kuyabanda" kuleyo njini. Uma i-spark plug ishiselwa ngaphezu kuka-1000°C phakathi nokusebenza, kuthathwa ngokuthi “kuyashisa” kuleyo njini. Ingabe kuyadingeka njalo ukufaka ama-spark plug "avamile" enjinini? Cha, lo mthetho ungachithwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Isibonelo: Ebusika obubandayo usebenzisa imoto yakho ohambweni olufushane. Kulesi simo, ungasebenzisa ama-plug "ashisayo", azongena ngokushesha kwimodi yokuzihlanza. Ngendlela, ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwe-carbon deposits kuma-spark plugs, akukhuthazwa ukufudumala injini ngokungenzi lutho isikhathi eside ebusika. Ngemuva kokufudumala okufushane, kungcono kakhulu ukuqala nokuqhubeka nokufudumala ngomthwalo omncane.

Ukukhetha amakhandlela emisebenzi

Uma imoto ivame ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo (i-motorsport), kunengqondo ukufaka esikhundleni se-spark plug "evamile" nge-cooler. I-sparking ethembekile iyisidingo esiyinhloko samakhandlela. Kungani kuncike? Ikakhulukazi ngobukhulu bama-electrode kanye nobukhulu begebe eliphakathi kwawo. Ithiyori ithi: okokuqala, i-electrode izacile, iyanda amandla kagesi; okwesibili, igebe likhulu, amandla enhlansi makhulu. Kungani-ke, ngobuningi bamakhandlela, i-electrode ephakathi "iminyene" - 2,5 mm ububanzi? Iqiniso liwukuthi ama-electrode amancane enziwe nge-chromium-nickel alloy "ashisa" ngokushesha futhi ikhandlela elinjalo ngeke lihlale isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, umnyombo we-electrode ephakathi wenziwe ngethusi futhi uboshwe nge-nickel. Njengoba i-copper ine-conductivity ephakeme yokushisa, i-electrode ishisa kancane - ukuguguleka kwe-thermal kanye nengozi yokuthungela iyancipha. Amakhandlela anama-electrode amaningana aseceleni asiza ukwandisa kancane insiza.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela anama-electrode ohlangothini

Lapho eyodwa yazo ikhanya, elandelayo isebenza. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi "indawo ebekiwe" enjalo yenza kube nzima ukuthola ingxube evuthayo. Amakhandlela e-electrode ambozwe ungqimba wensimbi ekhombayo (i-platinum, i-iridium) isiza kakhulu ukuthuthukisa isimo. Lobu buchwepheshe bukuvumela ukuthi wehlise ububanzi be-electrode bube ngu-0,4-0,6 mm! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayihambisani nesivikelo, kepha iba bomvu ngayo. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokuxhumana enamagesi ashisayo iyancipha kakhulu, i-electrode emaphakathi ishisa kancane, evimbela ukuthungela ekukhanyeni. Ikhandlela elinjalo libiza kakhulu kepha lihlala isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, insiza kanye nentengo yamakhandlela yanda kakhulu (izikhathi eziningana). I-Spark plug clearance, njengoba wonke umuntu azi, kufanele isethwe ngokuya ngezincomo zomkhiqizi wenjini. Kuthiwani uma kwalasha kuguquka?

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela negebe

Kufakazelwe ngokuhlolwa ukuthi ama-spark plugs “ajwayelekile” azwela kabuhlungu kukho kokubili ukuncipha kanye nokwanda kwegebe - ukuqina kwenhlansi kuyehla, futhi amathuba okuvutha okungalungile ayanda. Isithombe esiphambene sinama-spark plugs ane-electrode encane - awasabelani ekushintsheni kwegebe, inhlansi ihlala inamandla futhi izinzile. Kulokhu, ama-electrode ekhandlela kancane kancane avutha, akhulise igebe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwakheka kwenhlansi kuzowohloka kupulaki "evamile", futhi mancane amathuba okuba kushintshe "ku-electrode encane"! Uma uthenga ipulaki ye-spark enconywe ngumkhiqizi wezithuthuthu, ngakho-ke akukho mibuzo. Futhi uma udinga ukukhetha i-analogue? Kukhona okunikezwayo okuningi emakethe. Kungani ungenzi iphutha? Okokuqala, yiba nesithakazelo kunombolo eshisayo.

Ukukhetha Ukucushwa Kwamakhandlela Angakwesokudla

Inkinga ukuthi izinkampani ezahlukene zinamalebula ahlukene. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli athile emoto okuhloswe ngawo ama-spark plugs avame ukuboniswa emaphaketheni. Bese unaka ubude be-protrusion ye-cone eshisayo, ubude bengxenye ehlanganisiwe, indlela yokuvala (ikhoni noma indandatho), ubukhulu behexagon ye-spark plug - yonke le mingcele kufanele ihambisane nedatha ye-spark plug. ikhandlela "lomdabu". Futhi iyini insiza yamakhandlela? Ngokwesilinganiso, amakhandlela ajwayelekile anele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 km. Ama-Spark plug ane-electrode yethusi ye-nickel-plated yethusi angahlala ku-50 km. Kwamanye amakhandlela, i-electrode eseceleni nayo yenziwe ngethusi. Hhayi-ke, impilo ye-spark plugs enama-electrode ahlanganiswe neplatinamu ingafinyelela kumakhilomitha ayinkulungwane ayi-100! Nokho, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi lezi zibalo ezezimo zokusebenza ezikahle.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela nempilo yesevisi

Futhi njengoba i-spark plug iwumkhiqizo ontekenteke, njengokulimala komshini ngenxa yokuwa, ukusebenzisa uwoyela wemoto “ongena-crack-free” osezingeni eliphansi kuphethiloli kuzofinyeza kakhulu “ukuphila” kwawo. Ngokuvamile - ungalondolozi kuma-spark plugs, uwashintshe ngesikhathi esifanele. Kuyoba usizo ukuhlala unesethi eyisipele emotweni. Ungazivikela kanjani emakhandleleni omgunyathi. Kukhona okunikezwayo okuningi emakethe ye-automotive spark plug. Ukupakishwa okukhanyayo, amakesi ensimbi acwebezelayo, ama-insulators amhlophe qhwa, imibhalo ebhalwe ngesiNgisi, inqwaba yemikhiqizo - kungani ungadidwa umshayeli ojwayelekile! Yiziphi izimpawu zokuhlunga ithini bese ukhetha umkhiqizo osezingeni eliphezulu? Okokuqala, ungagxili nje ezindlekweni. Uma inkampani ikhiqiza umgunyathi, ungacabangi ukuthi abantu balapho bacophelele kangangokuthi bazokhokhisa umkhiqizo wabo ngaphansi kwenani langempela.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela nokubukeka

Ikhwalithi embi yephakheji, ehlukana ngemva kokuvulwa, imibhalo engaqondakali, enodaka - 100% isibonakaliso somgunyathi. Imibhalo egobile, efiphele kusivikeli nomzimba wekhandlela nayo izosho okufanayo. Asingabazi ukushiya umkhiqizo onjalo eceleni. Uma ukuhlolwa kokuqala okubukwayo kudluliswa, siqhubekela kwesibili - isifundo sejometri yama-electrodes ekhandlela. Ukuze unwebe impilo yesevisi futhi unciphise izinga lokushisa lokushisisa, yenza i-electrode eseceleni enengxenye ephambene okungenani engu-3 mm². Bheka ubude be-electrode eseceleni: kufanele imboze ngokuphelele i-electrode ephakathi. Hlola ukuqondanisa kwama-electrode: kufanele abe ncamashi phezu komunye nomunye. Linganisa ikhwalithi yokunamathisela i-electrode eseceleni - wonke ama-spark plug kukhithi kufanele afane. Asithengi into e-asymmetrical, egwegwile futhi e-oblique. Okulandelayo, sihlola ikhwalithi ye-insulator ye-ceramic. Kufanele iphelele.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela. Umgunyathi

Uma, lapho kuhlolisiswa, kuvela ukuthi inamathiselwe kusuka kuma-halves amabili, lokhu kuyinkohliso. Bheka i-insulator ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ukuze ivikeleke ekungcoleni, imbozwe ngesendlalelo se-glaze ekhethekile, ene-homogeneous maqondana nomkhiqizo onophawu. Uma ubona ukuthi kukhona amabala e-matte, ikhandlela liyinkohliso. Izinkampani ezidumile zokuvikela ukugqwala zembathisa imizimba ye-spark plug ngongqimba lwe-nickel. I-Zinc coating isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-fakes ashibhile. I-Nickel - ecwebezelayo, i-zinc - matte. Iziwasha zokuvala eziwayo lapho kunyakaziswa ikhandlela, amathiphu asontekile ayisigwegwe nawo awuphawu oluqinisekile lomgunyathi. Uma sesiqedile ngokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokubonwayo, sidlulela kwesezinsimbi. Esikudingayo isethi yamageji kanye ne-ohmmeter. Ngosizo lwe-probe, yebo, silinganisa izikhala phakathi kwama-electrode - emva kwakho konke, wonke ama-spark plugs ku-kit kufanele afane.

Ukukhethwa kwamakhandlela. I-ohmmeter

Uma uthola ukusabalala okungaphezu kuka-0,1 mm, kungcono ukungadli ngemikhiqizo enjalo. Usebenzisa i-ohmmeter, hlola ukumelana kwawo wonke ama-spark plug kukhithi. Ngesivimbeli sokucindezela umsindo, uhla oluvumelekile luyi-10 kuya ku-15%. Hhayi-ke, isheke lokugcina lisemotweni, njengoba i-spark plug ingasikulufi. Qala injini. Uma ikhandlela lihle, inhlansi kufanele ibe mhlophe noma ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, akufanele kube khona amavesi. Uma inhlansi ibomvu noma kunezikhala ku-spark, sibhekene nomshado ovulekile. Lawa macebiso alula angase anganiki isiqinisekiso esingu-100% uma uthenga umkhiqizo wekhwalithi ephansi, kodwa azokuvikela embonweni osobala.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ungakhetha kanjani i-spark plug efanele yemoto yakho? Okokuqala, udinga ukugxila kugebe le-electrode - kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwemingcele enconywe ngumkhiqizi wemoto. Kulula ukuthi inhlansi yakheke phakathi kwama-electrode amancane.

Yimaphi ama-plugs amahle kakhulu? Amakhandlela avela kubakhiqizi abanjalo adumile: NGK, BERU, Denzo, Brisk, Bosch. Imikhiqizo yabo ihlanganisa kokubili izinketho eziphezulu zokusebenza kanye nezindleko eziphansi zezimoto ezivamile.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi yimaphi amakhandlela okufanele uwabeke? Kuyadingeka ukuncika kulezi zindlela ezilandelayo: ubukhulu nobukhulu bentambo, uhlobo lomzimba, isilinganiso sokushisa, igebe lenhlansi, ukusebenza okushisayo, inani lama-electrode, impahla ye-electrode.

Hlobo luni lwamakhandlela afakwa enjinini? Okokuqala, udinga ukuthembela ezincomo zomenzi. Inketho ebiza kakhulu ayihlali ingcono kakhulu. Uhlobo lwepulaki luncike kuphethiloli osetshenzisiwe kanye nezimo zokusebenza.