Zishayelwa kanjani izimoto zesimanje?

Abantu abaningi abake bangena emotweni bayasazi isiteringi nokuthi sisetshenziswa ngani. Abantu abaningi abake baphuma emotweni bayawazi amasondo angaphambili nokuthi akwazi ukujika abheke kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla. Bambalwa abantu abazi ngempela ukuthi isiteringi namasondo angaphambili axhumeke kanjani, futhi bambalwa kakhulu abantu abazi ngobunjiniyela obunembayo obudingekayo ukwenza isibambo semoto yesimanje ngendlela ebikezelwayo futhi engaguquki. Ngakho yini eyenza konke kusebenze?

I-Top Down

Izimoto zesimanje zisebenzisa isiteringi esibizwa nge-rack and pinion steering.

• Isiteringi siphambi kwesihlalo somshayeli futhi sinomthwalo wemfanelo wokunikeza umshayeli impendulo ngokuthi amasondo enzani, siphinde sivumele umshayeli ukuthi alawule ukuthi amasondo akhomba ngaphi ngokulijikisa isondo. Afika ngezindlela eziningi nosayizi, kanti amanye afaka ama-airbag nezilawuli zamanye amasistimu emoto.

• Ishafi, eliqanjwe kahle ngokuthi i-steering shaft, igijima isuka esiteringini idlula ku-firewall yemoto. Izimoto eziningi ezintsha zinezinsimbi zokuqondisa eziphukayo uma kwenzeka ingozi, zivimbela ukulimala okubi kumshayeli.

• Kuleli qophelo, emotweni ene-hydraulic power steering, i-shaft yokuqondisa ingena ngqo ku-valve ejikelezayo. I-valve ejikelezayo iyavuleka futhi ivaleke njengoba izungeza ukuze ivumele uketshezi olucindezelayo lwehydraulic ukusiza umshini wokuqondisa ekuphenduleni igiya lephini. Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ukuphatha, ikakhulukazi ngesivinini esiphansi futhi uma kumisiwe.

  • Isiteringi samandla we-hydraulic sisebenzisa ipompo ye-hydraulic eshayelwa ibhande elixhunywe enjinini yemoto. Iphampu icindezela uketshezi olunamanzi futhi imigqa ye-hydraulic isuka empompini iye kuvalvu ejikelezayo esisekelweni se-steering shaft. Abashayeli abaningi bakhetha lolu hlobo lwesiteringi samandla, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kanye nempendulo enikeza umshayeli. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izimoto eziningi zezemidlalo ziye zasebenzisa ukuqondisa kwamandla we-hydraulic noma cha amashumi eminyaka. Nokho, intuthuko yakamuva esiteringini samandla kagesi ilethe inkathi entsha yezimoto zezemidlalo eziqondisa amandla kagesi.

• Uma imoto inenjini kagesi efakwe eduze kwe-steering shaft esikhundleni salokho, imoto ifakwe isiteringi samandla kagesi. Lolu hlelo luhlinzeka ngokuguquguquka okukhulu ekukhetheni ukuthi uzoyifaka kuphi injini kagesi, iyenze ibe ilungele ukubuyisela izimoto ezindala. Lolu hlelo futhi aludingi ipompo ye-hydraulic.

  • Isiteringi samandla kagesi sisebenzisa injini kagesi ukusiza ukuvula shaft yokuqondisa noma igiya lephini ngokuqondile. Inzwa eseduze kwe-steering shaft inquma ukuthi umshayeli ujikisa kangakanani isiteringi futhi ngezinye izikhathi iphinde inqume ukuthi angakanani amandla asetshenziswe ukuze kuphendulwe isiteringi (okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuzwela kwesivinini). Ikhompuyutha yemoto ibe isicubungula le datha futhi isebenzise amandla afanele enjini kagesi ukuze isize umshayeli ukuqondisa imoto ngokuphazima kweso. Nakuba lolu hlelo luhlanzekile futhi ludinga ukulungiswa okuncane kune-hydraulic system, abashayeli abaningi bathi isiteringi samandla kagesi sizwa sengathi siphuma endleleni futhi singasiza kakhulu ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zokuqondisa amandla kagesi ziyathuthuka ngonyaka ngamunye wemodeli, ngakho-ke lesi sithunzi siyashintsha.

• Uma ingekho enye into ekugcineni kwesiteringi ngaphandle kwegiya lokushayela, kusho ukuthi imoto ayinawo amandla okuqondisa. Igiya litholakala ngaphezu kwendawo yokubeka isiteringi.

  • I-steering rack iyibha yensimbi ende egijima ngokuhambisana ne-asi yangaphambili. Amazinyo, ahlelwe ngomugqa oqondile phezulu kwendawo yokubeka, ahambisana kahle namazinyo egiya lokushayela. Igiya liyazungeza bese linyakazisa isiteringi iye kwesokunxele nakwesokudla phakathi kwamasondo angaphambili. Lo mhlangano unesibopho sokuguqula amandla ajikelezayo esiteringi abe ukunyakaza kwesokunxele nakwesokudla, okuwusizo ekunyakazeni amasondo amabili ngokuhambisana. Ubukhulu begiya le-pinion uma liqhathaniswa nesiteringi yisona esinquma ukuthi kuthatha ama-revolution amangaki esiteringini ukuze ujike imoto ngenani elithile. Igiya elincane lisho ukuzungeza kwesondo okulula, kodwa ama-rev amaningi okwenza amasondo ajike yonke indlela.

• Izinduku zokubopha zihlala kuzo zombili iziphetho zerack yokuqondisa

  • Izibopho ziyizicucu ezinde, ezincane ezixhumayo ezidinga kuphela ukuba ziqine kakhulu lapho zicindezelwa noma zidonswa. Amandla akwelinye icala angagoba kalula induku.

• Izinti zothayi zixhumeka equlwini lokuqondisa nhlangothi zombili, futhi izinsimbi zokuqondisa zilawula amasondo ukuthi ajike kwesokunxele nakwesokudla ngokuhambisana.

Okumele kukhunjulwe ngesiteringi wukuthi akulona lodwa uhlelo lwemoto okumele lushayelwe lucophelele ngesivinini. I-suspension system nayo yenza umnyakazo omningi, okusho ukuthi imoto ejikayo ihamba endaweni enamabhampa ingcono uma ikwazi ukunyakazisa amasondo angaphambili ngapha nangapha iphinde inyuse kanye kanye kanye. Yilapho ama-ball joints engena khona. Leli lunga libukeka njengelunga lebhola kuhlaka lwamathambo omuntu. Le ngxenye ihlinzeka ngokunyakaza kwamahhala, okuvumela amasistimu okuqondisa kanye nokumiswa asebenze ngokuhambisana.

Isondlo nokunye okukhathazayo

Ngokunyakaza okungaka okumele kulawulwe ngaphansi kwamandla amaningi, isistimu yokuqondisa ingashaya ngempela. Izingxenye zenzelwe ukusekela isisindo semoto ephenduka ngokucijile ngesivinini esiphezulu. Uma okuthile ekugcineni kwehluleka futhi kungahambi kahle, ngokuvamile kubangwa ukuguga okude. Imithelela enamandla noma ukungqubuzana kungase kuphule izingxenye ngokuphawulekayo. Intambo kathayi ephukile ingabangela ukuthi isondo elilodwa liphenduke futhi elinye lihlale liqondile, okuyisimo esibi kakhulu. Ijoyinti lebhola eligugile lingakhala futhi lenze isiteringi sibe namaqili. Noma nini lapho kuba nenkinga, qiniseka ukuthi uyayihlola ngokushesha ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha kwemoto nokushayeleka.