Ungayinakekela kanjani i-turbocharger? Indlela yokusebenzisa imoto ye-turbo?
Kuhlelo lwesine lohlelo, oluqaliswe abahleli be-Motofakty.pl, sifuna izimpendulo zemibuzo ehlobene ne-turbocharger. Ukuthi iyini, isebenza kanjani, iphuka nini kanye nendlela yokunweba impilo yayo yesevisi.
Inani lezimoto ezine-turbocharger ngaphansi kwe-hood likhula njalo. Seluleka ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imoto enjalo ukuze ugweme ukulungiswa kwe-recharge ebizayo. Izinjini eziningi zezimoto ezintsha zifakwe ama-turbocharger. Ama-compressor, okungukuthi ama-compressor mechanical, awavamile. Umsebenzi wabo bobabili ukuphoqa umoya owengeziwe ngangokunokwenzeka endaweni evuthayo yenjini. Uma ixutshwe nophethiloli, lokhu kubangela amandla engeziwe.
Kuzo zombili i-compressor kanye ne-turbocharger, i-rotor inesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngomoya owengeziwe. Nokho, kulapho ukufana phakathi kwala madivayisi womabili kuphela. I-compressor esetshenzisiwe, phakathi kwezinye izinto kwaMercedes, iqhutshwa yi-torque esuka ku-crankshaft, idluliswa ngebhande. I-exhaust gas evela kwinqubo yokuvutha ishayela i-turbocharger. Ngale ndlela, uhlelo lwe-turbocharged luphoqa umoya owengeziwe enjinini, okuholela emandleni kanye nokusebenza kahle okuwumphumela. Zombili izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa zinezinzuzo nezingozi zazo. Sizozwa umehluko ekushayeleni eyodwa noma enye cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa. Injini ene-compressor ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine amandla akhuphuka njalo, aqala ngesivinini esiphansi. Emotweni ye-turbo, singabala umphumela wokushayela esihlalweni. I-turbine isiza ukuthola i-torque ephezulu nge-rpm ephansi kunamayunithi afiselekayo ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kwenza injini ibe namandla. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukunqoba ukushiyeka kwazo zombili izixazululo, ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ngasikhathi sinye. Ukuqinisa injini nge-turbocharger ne-compressor kugwema umphumela we-turbo lag, okungukuthi, ukwehla kwe-torque ngemuva kokushintshela egiyeni eliphakeme.
Injini eshajwe kakhulu noma enesifiso ngokwemvelo?
Womabili amayunithi ashajwe kakhulu futhi afiselekayo ngokwemvelo anezinzuzo zawo kanye nokubi. Endabeni yangaphambili, izinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu yilezi: amandla aphansi, okusho ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nezindleko eziphansi ezihlanganisa umshwalense, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokusebenza kwenjini. Ngeshwa, injini ene-turbocharged iphinde isho ukwehluleka okwengeziwe, idizayini eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi, ngeshwa, ubude bempilo obufushane. Okubi kakhulu kwenjini efisa ngokwemvelo amandla ayo aphezulu kanye nokuguquguquka okuncane. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuklama okulula, amayunithi anjalo ashibhile futhi kulula ukuwalungisa, futhi ahlala isikhathi eside. Esikhundleni se-proverbial push, banikeza amandla athambile kodwa afanayo ngokuqhathaniswa ngaphandle komphumela we-turbo lag.
Iminyaka eminingi, ama-turbocharger afakwe ikakhulukazi ezinjini zikaphethiloli zezimoto zezemidlalo namayunithi edizili. Njengamanje, izimoto ezidumile ezinezinjini zikaphethiloli ezine-turbocharged ziya ngokuya zivela ezindaweni ezithengisa izimoto. Isibonelo, izinhlobo zeVolkswagen Group zinesipho esicebile. Umkhiqizi waseJalimane uhlomisa iVW Passat enkulu nesindayo ngenjini eyi-TSI engamalitha angu-1.4 kuphela. Naphezu kobukhulu obubonakala buncane, iyunithi ithuthukisa amandla angu-125 hp. Ifinyelela ku-180 hp AmaJalimane akhipha i-1.8 TSI eyunithi, futhi i-2.0 TSI ikhiqiza kufika ku-300 hp. Izinjini ze-TSI seziqala ukwedlula ezaziwayo ezibizwa nge-TDI-branded turbodiesel.
“Izinto ezinhlanu odinga ukuzazi mayelana…” wuhlelo olusha olulungiselelwe i-Motofakty.pl kanye nesitudiyo se-Vivi24. Njalo ngesonto sizobheka ngokucophelela izici ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nokusebenza kwemoto, ukusebenza kwezingxenye zayo eziyinhloko kanye namaphutha omshayeli.
