Indlela yokwenza ukhetho olufanele lapho uthenga i-subwoofer, hlaziya izici nezinye izindlela

Ukuvakashela isitolo somsindo wemoto, ungawela esithubeni, kusukela ebukhoneni bezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-subwoofers. Lesi sihloko sizophendula umbuzo wokuthi ungakhetha kanjani i-subwoofer emotweni, yiziphi izici okufanele uzinake futhi yiziphi ezingcono ukungazinaki, cabangela izinhlobo zamabhokisi nomsindo wazo emizimbeni yemoto ehlukahlukene.

Kunezinketho ezi-3 zama-subwoofers:

1. Kuyasebenza;
2. I-Passive;
3. Inketho lapho kuthengwa isipika esihlukile, ibhokisi lenziwa ngaphansi kwalo, i-amplifier nezintambo zithengwa. Njengoba le nketho isho inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebiza kakhulu, kunesihloko esihlukile sayo, isixhumanisi sayo, futhi sibeke umbono wethu ekupheleni kwesihloko. Kodwa okokuqala, sikweluleka ukuthi ufunde lesi sihloko, sihlolisise izinkomba eziyisisekelo ezizoba usizo kuwe lapho ukhetha isikhulumi se-subwoofer, esihlokweni esilandelayo ngeke sibuyele kubo, kodwa sizohlola izici eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Lesi sihloko silungele abathandi bomsindo wemoto ye-novice abafuna ukwengeza ama-bass emotweni yabo ngemali encane.

Izinhlobo zama-subwoofers, asebenzayo futhi angenzi lutho

Njengoba sekushiwo, sizocabangela izinketho ezi-2: enye ilula, enye iyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa iyathakazelisa.

Inketho yokuqala ─ i-subwoofer esebenzayo. Yonke into isivele ifakiwe nayo, ibhokisi lapho i-amplifier ifakwe khona kanye nazo zonke izintambo ezidingekayo zokuxhuma. Ngemva kokuthenga, okusele nje ukuya egaraji noma isikhungo sesevisi ukuze uyifake.

Inketho yesibili ─ i-passive subwoofer. Lapha konke kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Uthola kuphela isipikha nebhokisi. Umkhiqizi wenze isibalo, wahlanganisa ibhokisi futhi wajikijela isipika kulo. Ukhetha i-amplifier nezintambo ngokwakho.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-subwoofer esebenzayo iyisixazululo sebhajethi esengeziwe, futhi umphumela uzofaneleka, akufanele ulindele okunye okwengeziwe kuwo.

I-Passive subwoofer ─ isinyathelo sesivele siphakeme.

Ngeke sihlale kulesi sigaba isikhathi eside, ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa, bheka isihloko esiqhathanisa ne-subwoofer esebenzayo nengenzi lutho.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi, ezintweni zanamuhla, asincomi ama-subwoofers angenayo ebhokisini lefektri. Sikweluleka ukuthi ukhokhe kancane futhi uthenge isipikha se-subwoofer nebhokisi elihlukile. Inqwaba izobiza kancane, kodwa umphumela uzokumangaza.

Yiziphi izici okufanele uzinake lapho ukhetha i-subwoofer?

Ngokuvamile, abakhiqizi bazama ukukhombisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wabo ungcono kunalokho oyikho ngempela. Bangabhala izinombolo ezingelona iqiniso ebhokisini. Kodwa, ngokubheka imiyalelo, sithola ukuthi azikho izici eziningi, njengomthetho, ngoba akukho lutho olukhethekile lokuziqhayisa. Nokho, ngisho nalolu hlu oluncane, sizokwazi ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele.

Amandla

Manje, lapho ukhetha i-subwoofer, okuthandwayo okuyinhloko kunikezwa amandla, kukholelwa ukuthi amandla kakhudlwana imishini, kungcono. Eqinisweni, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ake sithole ukuthi mangakanani amandla okufanele unake.

Isiqongo (MAX)

Njengomthetho, umenzi uthanda ukuyibonisa yonke indawo, futhi lezi ezinye izinombolo ezingenangqondo. Isibonelo, ama-watts angu-1000 noma angu-2000, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemali encane. Kodwa, ukukubeka kancane, lokhu kuwumkhonyovu. Lolo hlobo lwamandla alusondele ngisho eduze. Amandla aphezulu amandla isipikha esizodlala ngawo, kodwa okwesikhashana. Kulokhu, kuzoba nokuhlanekezelwa komsindo okwesabekayo. Ngeshwa, kule modi, umsebenzi we-subwoofer awuwona umsindo wekhwalithi ephezulu ─ kodwa nje ukusinda imizuzwana embalwa.

Kukalwe (RMS)

Amandla alandelayo esizowacabangela, ─ amandla okuzisholo emiyalweni angabizwa ngokuthi yi-RMS. Lawa amandla lapho ukuhlanekezela komsindo kuncane kakhulu, futhi isikhulumi singadlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuzilimaza, kungenxa yokuthi kufanele unake. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungase kuzwakale kungavamile kangakanani, kodwa, isibonelo, uma uqhathanisa ne-subwoofer enamandla futhi ebuthakathaka, obuthakathaka angadlala kakhulu kunonamandla. Yingakho amandla engeyona inkomba eyinhloko. Ikhombisa ukuthi isipikha sisebenzisa amandla angakanani, hhayi ukuthi sidlala phezulu kangakanani.

Uma uzothenga i-passive subwoofer, ivolumu yayo nekhwalithi yomsindo izoncika ngokuqondile ekutheni ukhethe i-amplifier efanele yini. Ukuze ugweme isimo lapho kuthengwa i-subwoofer futhi ngenxa ye-amplifier engafaneleki ayidlali, sikweluleka ukuthi ufunde isihloko esithi "Indlela yokukhetha i-amplifier ye-subwoofer"

Ukuzwela

Ukuzwela isilinganiso sendawo ye-diffuser ku-stroke yayo. Ukuze isipikha sidlale ngokuzwakalayo, sidinga ikhoni enkulu kanye ne-stroke enkulu. Kodwa ngokuvamile abakhiqizi benza ukumiswa okukhulu, udebe oluhlaba umxhwele. Abantu bacabanga ukuthi isikhulumi sine-stroke enkulu, futhi sidlalela phezulu, kodwa empeleni silahlekelwa izikhulumi ezinekhoni enkulu. Akufanele unikeze okuthandayo kuma-subwoofers anendebe enkulu, ilahlekelwa encane, ngoba isikhulumi esinesigaxa esikhulu sinokusebenza okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, i-stroke enkulu yinhle, kodwa indawo ye-diffuser iwusizo kakhulu.

Le nkomba ikalwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Bathatha isipikha, babeke umbhobho ebangeni lemitha elilodwa bese besebenzisa i-watt engu-1 ngokuqinile esipikheni. Imakrofoni ithwebula lokhu kufundwa, isibonelo, i-subwoofer ingaba ngu-88 Db. Uma amandla esetshenziswa, khona-ke ukuzwela kuwukubuya kwe-subwoofer ngokwayo. Ngokwandisa amandla izikhathi ezingu-2, ukuzwela kuzokwanda ngama-decibel angu-3, ​​umehluko wama-decibel angu-3 ubhekwa njengokukhuphuka okuphindwe kabili kwevolumu.

Manje uyaqonda ukuthi amandla akuyona inkomba eyinhloko. Ake sithathe isibonelo, i-subwoofer yokuqala inamandla alinganiselwe angama-watts angu-300 kanye nokuzwela kwama-decibel angu-85. Eyesibili inama-watts angu-300 kanye nokuzwela kwama-decibel angu-90. Ama-watts angu-260 asetshenziswe kusipika sokuqala, nama-watts angu-260 kwesesibili, kodwa isipika sesibili sizodlala i-oda lobukhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okukhulu.

Ukumelana (impedance)

Ngokuyisisekelo, wonke ama-subwoofers ekhabhinethi yemoto ane-impedance ye-4 ohms. Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile, isibonelo, 1 noma 2 ohms. Ukumelana kuthinta ukuthi mangakanani amandla i-amplifier ezowanikeza, ukuncipha kokumelana, amandla engeziwe i-amplifier enikezayo. Konke kubonakala kuhamba kahle, kodwa kulokhu kuqala ukuhlanekezela umsindo futhi kufudumele kakhulu.

Sincoma ukuthi ukhethe ukumelana kwe-4 ohms ─ lena incazelo yegolide phakathi kwekhwalithi nokuzwakala. Uma i-subwoofer esebenzayo inokumelana okuncane kwe-1 noma 2 ohms, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi umenzi uzama ukuminyanisa ubuningi be-amplifier, anganaki ikhwalithi yomsindo. Lo mthetho awusebenzi ezinhlelweni eziphezulu, nasemiqhudelwaneni yengcindezi yomsindo. Lawa ma-subwoofers anamakhoyili amabili, ngenxa yalokho ongashintsha ukumelana nokushintshela kwephansi, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ivolumu ephezulu.

Usayizi Dynamics

Into elandelayo esingayibheka lapho sifika esitolo ubukhulu be-subwoofer, izikhulumi eziningi zine-diameter:

• 8 amayintshi (20cm)
• amasentimitha angu-10 (25 cm);
• 12 amayintshi (30 cm);
• 15 amayintshi (38 cm);

Okuvame kakhulu kubhekwa njengobubanzi obungama-intshi angu-12, okusho ukuthi, incazelo yegolide. Izinzuzo zesipikha esincane zifaka ijubane layo le-bass elisheshayo, kanye nevolumu yebhokisi elincane elizosiza ukugcina isikhala esiqwini. Kodwa kukhona futhi nezinkinga ─ kunzima kuye ukudlala i-bass ephansi. Inozwela oluphansi, yingakho ithule. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi izici zishintsha kanjani kuye ngosayizi.

Izici	8 amayintshi (20 cm)	10 amayintshi (25 cm)	12 amayintshi (30 cm)
Amandla e-RMS	80 W	101 W	121 watts
Ukuzwela (1W/1m)	I-87 db	I-88 db	I-90 db

Lapha singakha kokuncamelayo komculo. Ake sithi uthanda izinhlobo ezahlukene zomculo. Kulokhu, kungcono ukucabangela subwoofer 12. Uma ungenaso isikhala esiningi se-trunk futhi ulalela kuphela umculo weklabhu, khona-ke usayizi wamayintshi angu-10 kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa. Uma ukhetha, isibonelo, i-rap noma umculo lapho kukhona khona ama-bass amaningi, futhi i-trunk ikuvumela, ngakho-ke kungcono ukhethe i-subwoofer engu-15-intshi ─ izoba nokuzwela okuphezulu kakhulu.

Uhlobo lwebhokisi (umklamo we-acoustic)

Okulandelayo esingakwazi ukunquma ngokubonakalayo ukuthi i-subwoofer izodlala kanjani ukubuka uhlobo lwebhokisi futhi sinqume ukuthi iyiphi impahla eyenziwe ngayo. Amabhokisi avame kakhulu ongawathola esitolo:

1. Ibhokisi elivaliwe (ZYa);
2. indawo yokusungula (FI);
3. I-Bandpass (BP)

1. Cabanga ngezinzuzo zebhokisi elivaliwe. Inosayizi ohlangene kakhulu, amabhesi asheshayo futhi acacile, ukubambezeleka okuncane komsindo. Kwamaminithi - umklamo othule kakhulu. Manje sizoxoxa ngokufakwa kwe-subwoofer emizimbeni yezimoto ehlukahlukene. Uma ungumnikazi wenqola yesiteshi, i-hatchback, ungafaka ama-intshi angu-10, 12, 15 ngaphandle komehluko. Uma une-sedan, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukufaka i-intshi engu-10 ebhokisini elivaliwe, uzolizwa nje. Ukusebenza kahle kwebhokisi kuncane kakhulu, i-10 idlala ngokuthula, futhi isiyonke akukho okuthakazelisayo okuzovela kuyo.
2. Inketho elandelayo, evame ukutholakala, i-inverter yesigaba. Leli yibhokisi eline-slot noma imbobo. Idlala ngokuzwakalayo izikhathi ezi-2 kunebhokisi elivaliwe futhi inokuhlelwa kobukhulu bobukhulu obukhulu. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, ikhwalithi yomsindo ayisacaci kangako, isiduma kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, lena inketho engcono kakhulu futhi ifaneleka ngokuphelele kunoma yimuphi umzimba wemoto. Ngakho, i-inverter yesigaba inomsindo, ukubambezeleka kwayo kungaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile, uhlobo lwencazelo yegolide.
3. I-Bandpass idizayini lapho isipikha sifihlwa khona ebhokisini. Ngokuvamile ihlotshiswe nge-plexiglass enhle. Ngosayizi, kuyafana ne-inverter yesigaba, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo inenzuzo enkulu kakhulu. Uma udinga ukuminyanisa ubukhulu besipikha, khona-ke kungcono ukuthenga i-bandpass. Nokho, nayo inezihibe zayo, okungukuthi, idizayini enensa kakhulu. Kunzima kulesi sipika ukudlala umculo wekilabhu osheshayo, kuzobe sekuhlwile.

Kulabo abafuna ukujula ekuqhathanisweni kwamabhokisi, okungukuthi ukuthutha, indawo yechweba, nezinye izinkomba, funda lesi sihloko ngokuthi ibhokisi liwuthinta kanjani umsindo.

Ukulalela i-subwoofer

Into elandelayo okufanele uyenze lapho ukhetha i-subwoofer ukuyilalela. Lesi sigaba asikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inhloso, ngoba. umsindo ekamelweni kanye nemoto kuzohluka. Kulokhu, akubona bonke abathengisi abafuna ukuxhuma ama-subwoofers futhi babonise ukuthi badlala kanjani.

Umgomo oyinhloko kulesi sigaba yilokhu okulandelayo, ukhethe izinketho ezimbalwa ngokuya ngezici. Uma uzixhuma futhi uziqhathanise kunoma yikuphi, umsindo nevolumu kuzohluka kubo, futhi uzokwenza ukukhetha okuthandayo.

Amathiphu okulalela:

1. Akudingekile ukucela umxhumanisi ukuthi axhume i-subwoofer ngayinye. Khetha izinketho ezi-2 zokuqhathanisa ngokusekelwe ezincomo esizinikeze ngenhla;
2. Zama ukuqhathanisa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene, lapho kukhona amabhesi aphezulu naphansi, asheshayo futhi ahamba kancane. Inketho ekahle yokuqhathanisa kungaba amathrekhi omculo owalalela kakhulu.
3. Khetha iphuzu elilodwa lokulalela, ekamelweni, umsindo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zekamelo ungahluka kakhulu.
4. Khumbula ukuthi i-subwoofer ijwayele ukudlala. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ivolumu yayo izokhula futhi i-bass izocaca futhi isheshe.
5. Awuwuzwa yini umehluko? Khetha ngokuthanda inketho eshibhile 🙂

Le mithetho isebenza kuphela kuma-subwoofers anebhokisi. Ukuqhathanisa izipikha ze-subwoofer akuwenzi umqondo.

Ukufingqa

Emhlabeni wanamuhla, ama-subwoofers ekhabhinethi alahlekelwe inani lawo. Kunezinketho ezingcono emakethe. Ngomzamo omncane kanye nemali ethe xaxa, sizothola umphumela izikhathi ezi-2 noma ezi-3 kangcono. Futhi le nketho ibizwa ngokuthi ukuthenga isipikha se-subwoofer. Yebo, uzodinga ukwenza isenzo esincane, kodwa umphumela uzodlula konke okulindele, sikweluleka ukuthi ufunde isihloko esithi "Indlela yokukhetha isikhulumi se-subwoofer", ulwazi olukuyo luyoba usizo kulabo abafuna ukuthenga i-subwoofer yekhabhinethi.

Efika esitolo owokuqala, yini okufanele uyinake, iyiphi i-subwoofer esikhetha i-passive noma esebenzayo?

• Kulesi sigaba, sincoma ukunikeza okuthandayo ku-subwoofer esebenzayo, isizathu simi kanje. I-subwoofer engenzi lutho ebhokisini lefektri nazo zonke izengezo ezidingekayo kuyo ngendlela ye-amplifier nezintambo ziphuma zingashibhile kangako. Ngokungeza imali, ake sithi +25%, singadlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo kalula. Thenga ngokuhlukene isipikha, ibhokisi le-amplifier elilungile nezintambo, futhi le nqwaba izodlala ngokuthakaselayo okungu-100%.

Owesibiliesikunakayo

• isilinganiso samandla alinganiselwe (RMS) kanye nokuzwela. Sikhetha amandla nokuzwela ngokuvumelana nesimiso esithi "okungcono kakhulu". Uma i-subwoofer inamandla amaningi kanye nokuzwela okuphansi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhetha eyodwa enokuzwela okuphezulu, ngisho noma ibuthakathaka kancane.

Okwesithathu ngokuqondene nosayizi wesipika

• Uma i-trunk ingadingeki ikakhulukazi, khetha ububanzi obukhulu be-subwoofer. Uma ulalela umculo wekilabhu, kungcono ukhethe ngokuthanda ama-intshi ayi-10 noma ayi-12.

Okwesine ngomzimba

•  uma ikhwalithi yomsindo, ukucaca kanye nemininingwane kubalulekile, - ibhokisi elivaliwe, ukuze ulinganise i-drawback yayo eyinhloko - umsindo othulile, sincoma ukuyifaka ezimotweni lapho i-trunk ilingana nekamelo labagibeli, lezi yizimoto ezinesiteshi. i-wagon hatchback kanye ne-jeep.
• Ezimweni eziningi, sincoma isakhiwo sebhokisi - inverter yesigaba. Lena incazelo yegolide ngokwevolumu, ikhwalithi kanye nesivinini sebhesi. Akunasizathu sokuthi uma ufika esitolo, lolu hlobo lwebhokisi luyoba oluvame kakhulu.
• Uma ufuna ivolumu ephezulu ngemali encane, lena i-bandpass, nakuba isetshenziswa kakhulu kancane.

Okwesishiyagalolunye ukuzwa ngezindlebe

• Futhi ekugcineni, lalela izinketho ezimbalwa zama-subwoofers ekamelweni, leli phuzu liyangabaza, kodwa kunoma yikuphi, emva kwalokho konke ukungabaza kuzoqedwa, futhi uzothatha i-subwoofer yakho nemicabango oyenze ukukhetha okufanele.

isiphetho

Senze umzamo omkhulu ekwakheni lesi sihloko, sizama ukusibhala ngolimi olulula noluqondakalayo. Kodwa kukuwe ukuthi sikwenzile noma cha. Uma usenemibuzo, dala isihloko "kuforamu", thina nomphakathi wethu onobungane sizoxoxa ngayo yonke imininingwane futhi sithole impendulo engcono kakhulu kuyo. 

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