Isebenza kanjani i-turbine futhi kungani kufanelekile ukuhlola isimo sayo? Ingabe iyafana ne-turbocharger?

I-turbine enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi - umlando, idivayisi, ukusebenza, ukungasebenzi kahle

Umoya ocindezelwe ungashajwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Eyokuqala yalezi - futhi endala kunazo zonke - ukuminyanisa komoya ngama-compressor ayimishini ashayelwa i-crankshaft pulley. Yilokhu okwaqala futhi kuze kube namuhla, izimoto zaseMelika zifakwe ama-compressor anamandla esikhundleni sama-turbines angaphakathi avuthayo. I-turbocharger ingenye into, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukungena ebhizinisini.

Yini i-turbine emotweni?

Nakuba kubukeka njengedivayisi eyodwa, empeleni kuyipheya lezinto ezakha i-turbine ne-compressor. Ngakho-ke igama elithi "turbocharger". I-turbine ne-turbocharger yizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. I-turbine iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-turbocharger. Uyini umehluko ekusebenzeni phakathi kwabo? I-turbine iguqula amandla egesi (i-exhaust kulokhu) ibe amandla emishini futhi ishayela i-compressor.ąumfutho womoya). Kodwa-ke, ukufinyeza lonke igama, okunzima ukulichaza, igama elithakazelisayo elithi "turbo" lamukelwa. 

Umgomo wokusebenza kwe-turbo emotweni

Uma sibheka umdwebo osebenzayo wale ngxenye, singabona ukuthi kulula kakhulu. Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zesistimu yilezi:

• i-turbine;
• icompressor;
• ukudla okuningi.

Ingxenye ye-turbine (uma kungenjalo - iyashisa) ine-rotor eshayelwa ukushaya kwamagesi aphumayo ashisayo aphuma nge-multifold exhaust. Ngokubeka isondo le-turbine kanye nesondo le-vane compressor ku-shaft efanayo, uhlangothi olucindezelayo (i-compressor noma uhlangothi olubandayo) luzungeza kanyekanye. I-turbine emotweni iqala ukukhiqiza amandla adingekayo ukuze kwandiswe ukucindezela komoya owuthathayo. isihlungi se-povetsha bese uyithumela endaweni eningi yokuthatha.

Kungani kune-turbine yemoto emotweni?

Uyazi kakade ukuthi i-turbine isebenza kanjani. Manje sekuyisikhathi ukuphendula umbuzo kungani injini. Ukuminyanisa umoya kuvumela umoya-mpilo owengeziwe ukuthi ujovwe endaweni yenjini, okusho ukuthi kwandisa amandla omlilo engxube yamafutha omoya. Yebo, imoto ayihambi emoyeni, futhi uphethiloli usadingeka ukuze injini isebenze kahle. Umoya owengeziwe ikuvumela ukuthi ngesikhathi esisodwa ushise uphethiloli owengeziwe futhi ukhuphule amandla eyunithi.

Ukuba khona kwe-turbine nokuvutha

Kepha akupheleli lapho. I-turbine iphinde yehlise ngempumelelo injini yokudla uphethiloli.. Kungani ungasho kanjalo? Isibonelo, izinjini ze-1.8T zeqembu le-VAG kanye ne-2.6 V6 ezivela esitebeleni esifanayo zazinamandla afanayo ngaleso sikhathi, i.e. 150 HP Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okumaphakathi kwehliswa okungenani ngamalitha ama-2 ngamakhilomitha ayi-100 ohlangothini lwenjini encane. Kodwa-ke, i-turbine ayisetshenziswa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa iqala ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasilinda ayi-6 emshinini wesibili kufanele asebenze ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Kufanele yenziwe nini kabusha i-turbine?

Kungenzeka ukuthi isici se-turbocharger esichazwe sonakalisiwe, okuyinto engavamile, ikakhulukazi uma kunikezwe izimo zokusebenza zale ngxenye. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-turbine idinga ukuvuselelwa. Nokho, lokhu kufanele kufakwe ngaphambili. Ungahlola kanjani ukusebenza kwe-turbine? Esinye sezinyathelo eziyinhloko ukukhipha umugqa womoya oya ku-compressor ovela kusihlungi somoya. Uzobona i-rotor emgodini ongamasentimitha ambalwa ububanzi. Yinyuse uye phansi, uye phambili nangemuva. Akufanele kube nokuhlehla okubonakalayo, ikakhulukazi ku-asili engemuva.

Intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma i-rettle evela ku-turbine - kusho ukuthini?

Futhi qiniseka ukuthi akukho ntuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ephuma epayipini le-exhaust. Kungase kuvele ukuthi i-turbine idlulisela uwoyela endaweni ewuthathayo bese iyawashisa. Ezimweni ezibucayi, lokhu kusongela ukuqala injini kumayunithi edizili. Ibukeka kanjani? Ungahlola ku-inthanethi ezithombeni nakumavidiyo.

Kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi kukhona okubi kakhulu okuzokwenzeka kulesi sici. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokuntuleka kokugcotshwa, i-turbine ebambekile inikeza izimpawu zomsindo. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko: ukungqubuzana, ukugaya, kodwa nokushaya ikhwela. Kulula kakhulu ukukubona lokhu, ngoba ukusebenza kwe-turbine kushintsha kakhulu. Umsebenzi wezingxenye zensimbi ngaphandle kwefilimu yamafutha uzwakala ngokucacile.

Yini enye engahamba kabi nge-turbocharger?

Ngezinye izikhathi inkinga ingase ibe isibani se-turbine esilimele. Izimpawu zalokhu ukushintshashintsha komfutho we-boost lapho ulayisha ngokugcwele, okusho ukuntuleka kwamandla kanye nokwenyuka kwe-turbo lag. Kodwa-ke, ukufaka esikhundleni isici esinjalo akunzima futhi ungazisingatha ngokwakho.

I-bulb nebha esebenza ngaphansi kwethonya layo ilawula uhlangothi olushisayo lwe-turbocharger futhi inesibopho sokunqamula ingcindezi ye-boost lapho inani eliphakeme lifinyelelwa. Uma imfushane, i-turbo "izofutha". Ungahlola kanjani? Inzwa ye-turbo ibonisa izimpawu zebha elimele lapho ishajwa.

Kubiza malini ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-turbine?

Ukwengeza kulokhu esikubalule ngenhla, i-turbine ingalimala ngezinye izindlela eziningi. Ngakho kudingeka uzilungiselele ezinye izindleko. Kubiza malini ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-turbine? Njengomthetho, amanani asukela kumakhulu ambalwa ama-zloty kuya ngaphezu kwenkulungwane. Okuningi kuncike enanini lezingxenye ezizoshintshwa, uhlobo lwe-turbocharger ngokwayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo okuhlosiwe. Ngesikhathi sokwenziwa kabusha, zonke izingxenye ziyabuyekezwa (noma okungenani kufanele zibe). Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlanzeka okuphelele, ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kanye nokushintshwa kwezingxenye ezilimele noma ezizohluleka.

Kungani kufanele ukhathalele i-turbine?

Lapho i-turbine ima ngokuzumayo, izindleko azincane. Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa ukushintsha njalo uwoyela wekhwalithi enhle kakhulu futhi uvale injini ngemuva kwemizuzwana eyishumi nambili noma emibili yokupholisa ngokungenzi lutho. Futhi gwema ukushayela ngesivinini esiphezulu ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala injini ebandayo. Lokhu kuzokwelula impilo ye-turbine.

I-Turbine iyisici se-turbocharger, okuthi, ngenxa yosizo nokusebenza kwayo, iya ngokuya isetshenziswa. Uma wazi ukuthi isebenza kanjani futhi uma uzazi izimpawu zezinkinga ngalesi sici futhi uzijwayeze nokuvimbela izinsongo, ungakwazi ukunakekela ngokucophelela i-turbocharger emotweni yakho.