Ngabe i-torque converter isebenza kanjani?
Okuqukethwe
Le ngxenye, ebizwa nge-torque converter noma i-torque converter, ifakwa kuma-automatic transmissions njenge-clutch. Ngakho-ke, limelela ukuxhumana phakathi kwenjini namasondo (noma kunalokho u-gearbox ofakwe phakathi kwawo).
Ihlomisa ukuthunyelwa okuzenzakalelayo okungabonakaliswa njengokujwayelekile (ngamagiya eplanethi), ngokungafani nokuthunyelwa kwe-robotic (i-clutch eyodwa noma ephindwe kabili, efanayo namagiya afanayo). Ama-CVTs futhi asebenzisa isiguquli, ngoba imoto kufanele ikwazi ukuma ngaphandle kokumisa injini ngakho-ke itafula.
Indawo nokwakheka kwezakhi kungahluka kakhulu kusuka ku-transducer eyodwa kuye kokulandelayo.
Nali ibhokisi likamagiya elihamba ngesivinini esingu-9-speed longitudinal. Isiguquli singakwesobunxele ngombala obomvu, futhi amagiya nama-clutch ka-gearbox angakwesokudla.
Isisekelo esiyisisekelo
Uma i-clutch ejwayelekile ikuvumela ukuthi uhlobanise / uhambise ukuzungeza kwe-shaft yenjini nokujikeleza kwe-gearbox (ngakho-ke amasondo) usebenzisa ukungqubuzana kwediski (bamba) ku-flywheel, esimweni se-torque, isiguquli uwoyela ozonakekela lokhu ... Akusekho ukungezwani okungokomzimba phakathi kwezakhi ezimbili.
Umcibisholo obomvu ukhombisa indlela ehamba uwoyela. Ihamba isuka komunye uphephela iye komunye ngomjikelezo ovaliwe. I-stator phakathi iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kweyunithi. Ipompo iqhutshwa yinjini, futhi i-turbine iqhutshwa ukugeleza kukawoyela, uqobo lwayo luqhutshwa yiphampu, isekethe livaliwe. Uma besizodweba ukufanisa, singaqhathanisa uhlelo namafeni amabili afakwe ubuso nobuso. Ngokuzungezisa okukodwa kwalokhu okubili, umoya owenziwe uzophendukisa omunye uye kolunye uhlangothi. Umehluko kuphela ukuthi i-transducer ayihambisi umoya, kodwa uwoyela.
Ukufeza lokhu, uhlelo lusebenzisa i-hydraulic current njengokuthi kungumoya (ilukuluku lakho, yazi ukuthi izibalo zeziphuzo kanye namagesi ziyafana, zombili zifana noketshezi) ngakho-ke zisebenza eduze kakhulu nalezi fan. ... Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokufaka umoya umoya, sizofaka uwoyela bese sibuyisa amandla (amandla e-hydrokinetic) wokugeleza okukhiqizwe ukuzungeza enye "propeller". Ngoba uhlelo oluchazwe lapha lugcwele uwoyela.
Kuthiwani nge-hydrotransformer?
Isiguquli se-hydraulic (sibonga i-stator) sivumela i-torque eningi kokufakwayo ku-gearbox kunokukhipha injini.
Ngempela, ipompo (motor) edlulisayo ijikeleza ngokushesha ukwedlula i-turbine etholayo isikhathi esiningi, okube sekuholela ekutheni i-turbine izuze kutorque ephezulu (amandla ancishiswe ijubane lawo anikezela nge-torque ephezulu). Ngikumema ukuba ufunde le ndatshana ukuze uzijwayeze ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla ne-torque.
Lesi simo sibaluleke kakhulu ngoba kunomehluko kusivinini sokujikeleza phakathi kwepompo ne-turbine. Isibonelo (izinombolo zithathwa ngokungahleliwe), uma i-torque ingu-160 Nm ekuphumeni kwe-crankshaft ngo-2000 rpm, kungaba khona u-200 Nm kokufakwa kwebhokisi lamagiya (yingakho igama elithi "torque converter"). Lokhu kungenxa yohlobo lokukhuphuka kwengcindezi kawoyela kwisekethi yokuguqula (i-stator ibangela ipulagi, bona ividiyo ezansi kwekhasi). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-torque (cishe) ayafana lapho iphampu ne-turbine zifinyelela ngejubane elifanayo.
Ngamafuphi, konke lokhu kusikisela ukuthi isiguquli se-torque sizohlinzeka nge-torque ethe xaxa ku-gearbox kunenjini engayinikeza (lokhu kulapho kuphela lapho kukhona i-delta ebalulekile phakathi kwe-turbine ne-pump rotations). Injini engenalutho izovela inamandla amakhulu kuma-revs aphansi lapho ihlanganiswe ne-BVA (yingakho sibonga isiguquli, hhayi i-gearbox).
Pump and ophephela
I-shaft yenjini (crankshaft) ixhunywe kuphephela (nge-flywheel) ebizwa ngepompo. Lesi sakamuva sixuba uwoyela ngenxa yenjini, ngakho-ke ibizwa ngokuthi yipompo (ngaphandle kwamandla enjini eyiqhubayo, iba i-turbine elula ...).
Le mpompo iphampa uwoyela ohlangothini olufanayo nolunye ugesi ophethe isimo esifana ncamashi, kodwa ngamabhande aphikisiwe. Le turbine yesibili, exhunywe ku-gearbox, iqala ukuzungeza sibonga amandla adalwe ukugeleza kukawoyela: ngakho-ke, i-torque idluliselwa phakathi kwenjini no-gearbox (wona uqobo oxhunywe namasondo nge-propeller shafts) kusetshenziswa uwoyela kuphela. ! Isebenza njenge-turbine yomoya: umoya uboniswa yipompo (i-turbine exhunywe enjinini), futhi i-turbine yomoya iyiphephethi etholayo.
Ngakho-ke, umuzwa wokushelela phakathi kwamagiya (noma lapho imoto isuka ekuphumuleni) kufana nokudluliswa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa uketshezi. Ukwazi ukuthi lapho iphampu ijikeleza ngokushesha, i-turbine eyamukelayo iyashesha ize ifike ngejubane elifanayo nepompo.
Iphampu lixhunywe emotweni
Uma ngima, kuba nomphumela wokungena (ukuzenzakalela okuzenzakalelayo uqobo kuDrayivu) ngoba ipompo iyaqhubeka nokugijima (injini isebenza) ngakho-ke idlulisela amandla ku-injini ephendulayo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, izimoto ezintsha zine-Hold button, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhansele ukuqhuma usebenzisa amabhuleki (yonke into ilawulwa yikhompyutha ephula amasondo. Uma umile, ikhipha amabhuleki ngokushesha nje lapho ithola isicelo esivela esisheshini esisheshayo).
Khumbula, noma kunjalo, ukuthi isiguquli se-torque sivumela injini ime ngaphandle kokuma, njengoba ipompo lisengaqhubeka nokusebenza noma ngabe i-turbine etholwayo imisiwe, khona-ke ama-hydraulic "ayashibilika".
I-turbine ixhunywe ku-gearbox
Futhi qaphela ukuthi iphampu lixhunywe eketangeni elishayela ipompo likawoyela wokuhambisa, bese kuthi-ke lithambise amagiya amaningi awakhayo.
stator
Ebizwa nangokuthi i-reactor, nguyena ozosebenza njenge-torque converter. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinsuku ezimbili, i-pump + turbine ifaneleka kuphela njengesihlanganisi se-hydraulic.
Eqinisweni, i-turbine encane kunezinye ezimbili, etholakala ngqo phakathi kwezinye ezimbili ... Indima yayo ukwenza kabusha ukugeleza kukawoyela ukuze kutholakale umphumela oyifunayo, ngakho-ke isifunda lapho uwoyela ugeleza sihlukile. Ngenxa yalokho, i-torque edluliswa kokufakwa kuka-gearbox ingaba phezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yenjini. Ngempela, lokhu kuvumela umphumela wokuxhuma ocindezela uwoyela esigabeni esithile kuchungechunge, okwandisa amandla okugeleza ngaphakathi kwesiguquli se-torque. Kepha lo mphumela uncike esivinini sokujikeleza kwe-turbine nepompo.
Oluvala amasondo / bamba
Kodwa-ke, uma ukuxhumana phakathi kuka-gearbox nenjini kwenziwa ngoyili kuphela, ukusebenza kahle kwakho konke kungaba phansi. Njengoba kukhona ukulahleka kwamandla phakathi kwalezi zinjini ezimbili ngenxa yokushibilika (i-turbine ayikaze ifinyelele ngejubane elifanayo nepompo), okubangela ukusetshenziswa kakhulu (uma lokhu bekungeyona inkinga kuma-70s e-USA, into ehluke ngokuphelele namuhla).
Ukunqoba lokhu, kune-clutch (elula neyomile, noma emanzi i-multi-disc, umgomo uyefana) oqina lapho ipompo ijikeleza cishe ngejubane elifanayo ne-turbine etholayo (lokhu kubizwa nge-bypass clutch). ). Ngakho-ke kuvumela ukubanjwa kwe-mooring okuphephile (kepha futhi nokuguquguquka okuncane ukugwema ukwephuka njenganoma iyiphi i-clutch, ngenxa yemithombo ongayibona naku-gearbox ongu-9-speed othwetshulwe ekuqaleni kwesizini. ”Article). Ngenxa yalokhu, singathola ukubopha injini enamandla nakakhulu.
Bypass bamba
Lapha sisesigabeni sokuqinisa i-multi-disc ngengcindezi ye-hydraulic edudulela ama-disc komunye nomunye.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-jumper yenziwe, i-turbine kanye nepompo iba ukuhlangana okufanayo kwamafutha phakathi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili akusenzeki. Isiguquli sesimile futhi senza njenge-banal driveshaft ...
Ngabe isiguquli se-torque sisebenza kanjani ekudlulisweni okuzenzakalelayo? Ukulungiswa Kwezimoto Zikagesi Nokulungiswa Kwemoto⚡
Izinzuzo?
Isiguquli se-torque saziwa ngokuhlala isikhathi eside ukwedlula i-clutch evamile yokungqubuzana (noma kunjalo, imvuthuluka yamapuleti amaningi emanzi icishe ibe namandla njengabaguquli) ngenkathi igcina yonke imishini (lonke uchungechunge lokudonsa).
Ngempela, ukusebenza okubushelelezi (ngasendleleni, kumnandi kakhulu) kungazelelwe kugcina izakhi (kungaba sezingeni lenjini noma ku-chassis), kuyilapho u-gearbox oshintshwayo noma owerobhothi ukhanyisa yonke into kancane. Ebangeni elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100, umehluko uzwakala impela ekuqineni kwezingxenye. Ngamafuphi, isikhathi esihle sokuthenga esisetshenzisiwe. Ukungasho, uhlelo luvikelwe kunoma ngubani ongakwazi ukushintsha amagiya. Ngoba ngokuhanjiswa ngesandla, kwanele ukuthi umnikazi ashintshe ngokungafanele amagiya angaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-000 50 ukulimaza omakhenikha, okuyinto engenzeki ngalolu hlobo lwe-clutch hydraulic (engalawulwa umshayeli).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikho i-clutch yokugqoka (okwedlula kokuhlangenwe nakho kuncane kakhulu okuslayida okuslayidayo, futhi uma kuyi-multi-disc akukaze kukhishwe). Lokhu futhi kunikeza nokonga okuhle, noma ngabe kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela ukukhipha isiguquli ngezikhathi ezithile (uwoyela uvame ukusetshenziselwa nalo lonke u-gearbox) (ngokufanele njalo ngama-60, kepha futhi no-000).
Ekugcineni, iqiniso lokuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-torque likhona kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa ukubikwa ngaphandle kokuthinta kakhulu ukuvunywa. Yingakho kwakukhona ama-BVA amaningi eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Okubi?
Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo, ngokwazi kwami, kuhlobene nenjabulo yokushayela ezemidlalo. Kukhona i-buffer eningi kakhulu phakathi kwemoto nalo lonke uchungechunge lwe-traction.
Kungakho kwaMercedes sikujabulele ukufaka esikhundleni isiguquli samadiski amaningi ku-63 AMG (bona iSpeedshift MCT). Kulula kakhulu futhi ngaphandle kokushelela (ngokuvimba okuhle, kunjalo, kuya ngezindlela zokushayela), ikuvumela ukuthi unciphise ukungena kwe-injini. Izikhathi zokuphendula ngokusheshisa nazo zifushane.
Singakubonisa futhi ukuthi ama-BVA amadala ashibilika kancane ngenxa yokuqina kancane kwama-multi-disc (kukhona i-clutch ekhethekile yama-multi-disc kuyo yonke imibiko evumela ukuthi amagiya eplanethi akhiywe). I-roller ayinakho ukuxhumana ne-torque converter (ayishehi kuze kube umzuzu wokuhamba, okungukuthi, cishe ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-3 km / h).
Yonke imibono nokuphendula
wokugcina amazwana athunyelwe:
kusasa (Usuku: 2021, 06:27:23)
Bonjour
ngicela unginike izibonelo zemoto kadizili ethembekile
ukudluliswa kwe-torque converter (5- noma 6-speed, cha
4 isivinini) ngesabelomali esilinganiselwa ku-2500, sicela
ngiyabonga
Il J. 1 ukusabela (kula) mazwana:
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