Inzwa kanjani i-knock sensor enjinini, ukwakheka kwayo

Ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini yemoto akuvamile ukuba kwenzeke uma inqubo yokushiswa kukaphethiloli kumasilinda ayo iphazamiseka. Ukuze uphethiloli uvuthe kahle, kufanele ube sezingeni elifanele, nesikhathi sokuvutha kwenjini kufanele simiswe ngendlela efanele. Kuphela ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, injini ayimoshi uphethiloli futhi ingasebenza ngokugcwele. Uma okungenani isimo esisodwa singekho, amathuba okuqhunyiswa awashiywa ngaphandle. Inzwa yokushaya imoto isiza ukuvikela lesi simo.

Ukushiswa kwe-Detonation, kuyini

Ukuqhunyiswa kwengxube ye-air-fuel enjinini kubizwa ngokuthi inqubo yomlilo engalawuleki, umphumela wayo "ukuqhuma okuncane". Uma ukushiswa kukaphethiloli kwenzeka kwimodi evamile, ilangabi lihamba ngesivinini esingaba ngu-30 m/s. Uma ukuqhunyiswa kwenzeka, ijubane lelangabi likhuphuka kakhulu futhi lingafinyelela ku-2000 m / s, okuholela ekwandeni komthwalo nokusheshisa ukuguga kwamapiston namasilinda. Ngenxa yalokho, uma imoto ingenawo inzwa yokungqongqoza, ingase idinge ukulungiswa okukhulu ngemva kokuhamba amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5-6 kuphela.

Yini ebangela ukuqhunyiswa

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuqhunyiswa kukaphethiloli yilezi:

• izinga eliphansi kanye nenombolo ye-octane kaphethiloli: ukwehla kwenombolo ye-octane, kubi kakhulu ukumelana nokuqhunyiswa;
• ukwakheka kwenjini okungaphelele: ukuqhunyiswa kungenziwa lula izici zesakhiwo segumbi elivuthayo, amandla okucindezela uphethiloli, ukwakheka okungekuhle kwama-spark plug, nokunye okuningi;
• izimo ezingezinhle injini esebenza ngaphansi kwazo: umthwalo, ukugqoka okujwayelekile, ukuba khona kwensimu.

Inzwa kanjani i-knock sensor?

Inzwa yokungqongqoza isebenza ngomgomo wokulungisa isikhathi sokuthungela enanini lapho kubuyiselwa khona ukusha okulawulwayo kwengxube yamafutha omoya. Inzwa isetshenziswa ezinjinini zezimoto zohlobo lomjovo.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhunyiswa kukaphethiloli, injini iqala ukudlidliza kakhulu. Inzwa inquma ukubukeka kokuqhunyiswa ngokunembile ngokubamba ukudlidliza, okube sekuguqulelwa kusignali kagesi.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-sensor yilezi:

• isici se-piezoceramic sensing;
• Resistor;
• isivikelo;
• isisindo sensimbi.

Kusukela ku-piezoceramic element, izintambo ziya koxhumana nabo kanye nesisindo sensimbi. I-resistor elawula amandla omfutho kagesi itholakala kokuphumayo. Isici esibona ngokuqondile ukudlidliza siyisisindo - sicindezela isici se-piezoelectric.

Indawo evamile yenzwa yokungqongqoza isendlini yemoto, phakathi kwamasilinda wesibili nowesithathu. Inzwa ayiphenduli kukho konke ukudlidliza, kodwa kuphela kokungajwayelekile, okungukuthi, ebangeni lemvamisa ukusuka ku-30 ​​kuye ku-75 Hz.

Ukukhethwa kwendawo enjalo yenzwa kungenxa yokuthi ilungele kakhulu ukulungisa ukusebenza kwe-cylinder ngayinye futhi itholakala eduze nezindawo ezivame kakhulu zokuqhunyiswa kwe-detonation.

Uma ukudlidliza kutholwa inzwa, okulandelayo kwenzeka:

• isici se-piezoelectric siguqula amandla okudlidliza abe ngugesi, akhuphuka ngokukhuliswa kwe-amplitude yokudlidliza;
• ezingeni elibucayi le-voltage, inzwa ithumela umyalo kukhompyutha yemoto ukuze iguqule isikhathi sokushisa;
• uhlelo lokuphatha injini lulawula ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli futhi lunciphisa isikhawu sesikhathi ngaphambi kokuvutha;
• ngenxa yemisebenzi eyenziwayo, ukusebenza kwenjini kufika esimweni esivamile, ukulawula ukushiswa kwengxube ye-air-fuel kubuyiselwa.

Yiziphi izinzwa zokugoqa

Izinzwa zokugoqa uphethiloli zine-resonant kanye ne-broadband.

Izinzwa ze-Broadband zisakazeke kakhulu, kungumklamo wazo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza esichazwe kulesi sihloko. Ngaphandle, zibukeka ziyindilinga, phakathi nendawo zinembobo yokunamathisela enjinini.

Izinzwa ze-resonance zinokufana kwangaphandle nezinzwa zokucindezela uwoyela, zinentambo yokufaka intambo. Abalungisi ukudlidliza, kodwa ukuqina kokuqhuma okuncane ngaphakathi kwegumbi elivuthayo. Ngemva kokuthola ukuqhuma okuncane, isilawuli sithola isignali kusuka kunzwa. I-microexplosion frequency index yemoto ngayinye ihlukile futhi incike kakhulu kusayizi wamapiston.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa

Njengomthetho, lapho inzwa ingasebenzi, inkomba ethi "Hlola Injini" ikhanyisa kudeshibhodi yemoto. Le nkomba ingakhanyisa ngokuqhubekayo noma ngezikhathi ezithile futhi iphume kuye ngezinga lomthwalo. Inzwa yokushaya engalungile ayisona isithiyo ekusebenzeni kwenjini, kodwa ngeke ikwazi ukuxwayisa umshayeli mayelana nokuqhunyiswa kwe-detonation futhi iqale umshini wokuyiqeda.

Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa ezingaba khona zokuthi inzwa yokungqongqoza ayilungile:

• injini ishisa kakhulu ngokushesha, ngisho noma izinga lokushisa langaphandle liphansi;
• ukuwohloka okubonakalayo kwamandla namandla emoto lapho kungekho zimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle;
• ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngaphandle kwezizathu ezisobala;
• ukwenzeka kwensimu enkulu kuma-spark plugs.

Zenzele ngokwakho ukuhlola kwenzwa

Uma esinye sezibonakaliso okungenzeka zokungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa yokungqongqoza sitholakele, ukusebenza kwayo kufanele kuhlolwe. Kunconywa ukuthi inzwa yokungqongqoza ihlolwe esikhungweni sesevisi, kodwa uma ungenaso isikhathi noma ugqozi lokwenza kanjalo, ungazihlolela ngokwakho inzwa yokushaya.

Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa i-multimeter ngokubeka ukumelana kokuhlola kuyo - mayelana ne-2 kOhm. Okulandelayo, kufanele uxhume idivayisi kunzwa futhi ulinganise ukumelana nokusebenza. Ngaphandle kokuvala idivayisi, thepha kancane okuthile okuqinile ebusweni bendlu yenzwa. Uma ngesikhathi esifanayo ungabona ukwanda kwenani lokumelana, khona-ke inzwa ijwayelekile.

I-fuel knock sensor inendima encane kodwa ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwenjini yemoto. Ukushelela kokugibela, amandla kanye namandla emoto kuncike ekusebenzeni kwenzwa. Inzwa enephutha kulula ukuyixilonga futhi, uma kunesidingo, yishintshe ngokwakho.