Isebenza kanjani i-automatic transmission (BVA)

Manje sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba e-France, lolu hlobo gearbox abanalo ubuciko bokwakha efanayo njengoba transmission manual enamagiya parallel. Ngempela, amabhokisi okwenziwa ngesandla noma erobhothi (afana kancane) ahlelwa ngezindlela ezihluke kakhulu. Asidingi i-clutch, amafoloko, noma abanye abadlali lapha. Inzuzo yama-automatic transmissions ukuthi awadingi ukukhumula/ukushintsha phakathi kwamagiya.

Nakhu ukubuka okuqhumayo kwe-automatic transmission, ne-torque converter kwesokunxele kanye ne-clutch/amabhuleki namagiya kwesokudla.

Isikhumbuzi: Izithombe eziboniswe lapha ziyimpahla ye-Fiches-auto.fr. Noma yikuphi ukubuyiselwa kwephula ilungelo lobunikazi bethu.

Bheka futhi: izinkinga ezinkulu ngokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo.

Hlukanisa phakathi kwe-torque converter ne-gearbox

Ngolwazi oluncane, udinga ngempela ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesiguquli se-torque / i-clutch box ukuze ugweme ukuhlanganisa amabhulashi. Ku-BVA (okungewona amarobhothi), i-clutch ithathelwa indawo isiguquli se-torque noma ngezinye izikhathi (akuvamile kakhulu) uhlelo lokubamba olulawulwayo.

Sizinciphisa lapha ku-gearbox hhayi isistimu ye-clutch, ngakho-ke ngeke ngikhulume ngesiguquli (bona lapha ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguquli se-torque sine-bypass clutch. Icushiwe ukuze kutholakale ukuxhumana okucacile phakathi kwenjini kanye no-gearbox (akukho ukushelela okuhlobene nesiguquli). Iphinde isebenze uma kwenzeka ukushisa ngokweqile kwamafutha okudlulisela ukugwema ukuxuba okokugcina ku-converter (ngakho-ke ukwandisa ukushisa kwawo).

I-automatic transmission gear architecture

Lolu hlelo lungabuye lubizwe ngokuthi iplanethi, ngoba indlela yokuphila eyaqala ngayo ifana nesimiso sonozungezilanga (ama-orbits). Isihlahla esiyinhloko simelela ilanga kanti isihlahla sesibili simelela amaplanethi azungezayo. Lapha, amandla aphuma kumotho azodluliselwa ngegiya lelanga (kumdwebo omnyama). Leli giya lizoshintsha ngokushesha isondo le-crown elixhunywe emasondweni, kuye ngokuthi amagiya avaliwe noma cha. Ijubane ngalinye lizohambisana nokuvinjwa kwamagiya athile eplanethi.

Nakhu ukubuka okuqhuma kwama-gearbox amabili eplanethi engikwazile ukuwenza emibukisweni yezimoto yamazwe ngamazwe. Leli yibhokisi elikhulu elenzelwe izimoto zenjini yobude. Izinguqulo eziphambanayo zincane kakhulu futhi ziminyene kakhulu (zidinga ukubekwa kwesokunxele [uma ngishayela] phakathi kwenjini namasondo).

Ukushintsha kwegiya?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isilinganiso segiya siyashintsha kuye ngokuthi amanye amagiya eplanethi akhiyiwe (bese umhlangano uqala ukuzungezisa ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngokuthi ikhiyiwe eyodwa noma enjalo). Ukuze uvimbele amasathelayithi, ukudluliselwa kuhilela amabhuleki nama-clutch, alawulwa ngogesi noma ngomshini wokudonsa amanzi ngekhompyutha (ngakho-ke esebenzisa izinzwa nama-solenoid asebenza ngozibuthe kagesi: amavalvu avula noma avale ukuvumela uketshezi olunamanzi ukuba ludlule noma cha). Izinto ezingabonisiwe kumdwebo osebenzayo wamagiya.

Yilokho okulawula ukushintshwa kwegiya kanye ne-bypass clutch, idivayisi ye-electro-hydraulic ehlanganisa ama-solenoid valves (solenoids). Yiqiniso, lena ikhompyutha ekhethekile exhunyiwe futhi eshayela ama-solenoids.

Lapha sibona iyunithi ye-electro-hydraulic ngomzimba owenziwe ngokukhethekile ekukhanyeni. Ibhokisi (ngemuva) lincane kakhulu, ngoba ezimotweni ezinenjini ephambanayo. Kwesokunxele kukhona insimbi yesiguquli setorque.

Ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic ngakho-ke ukushelela kokushintshwa kwegiya) kulawulwa ukuphindaphindeka komoya ovela kupompo ye-vacuum, exhunywe ku-aneroid capsule (inzwa yokucindezela), evumela ukuthi ilungiswe ngokuhambisana nomthwalo wenjini. (isivinini esikhulu noma esingaphansi). Eqinisweni, i-vacuum eyenziwe yipompo incike esivinini. Lokhu kuvumela amaphasi abushelelezi kungakhathaliseki umongo wenjini (njengoba ama-clutch namabhuleki akudingeki enze ngendlela efanayo kuye ngamapharamitha). Ikhompiyutha izobe isisebenzisa ama-valve e-solenoid okulawula ukucindezela ngokusho kwedatha ethunyelwe inzwa yokucindezela kwepompo ye-vacuum.

Amavalvu / ama-solenoid adumile okulawula amabhuleki angaphakathi nama-clutches.

Ama-valve e-solenoid axhunyiwe futhi anikwa amandla ngepuleti elinamapulagi asebenzayo.

Qaphela futhi ukuthi lolu hlobo lukagesi lulula futhi luyashesha ukuliqedela kunamagiya ashintshwayo anamagiya ahambisanayo. Eqinisweni, ekudluliseleni okwenziwa ngesandla, kufanele ukhiphe igiya (igiya elislayidayo elihlukanisayo) bese uphinda ufaka elisha, okuthatha isikhathi ... Kubhokisi leplanethi leplanethi, kwanele ukukhiya noma ukuvula amagiya. nama-clutches namabhuleki (empeleni amabhuleki nama-clutch ayefana, umsebenzi wawo kuphela oshintshayo), alawulwa ama-actuator asebenza ngokushesha.

Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi isiguquli sisetshenziselwa ukumisa kuphela, ukuze singagxili, nokuthi ibhokisi lilawulwa ngokwalo, ngaphandle kokuthinta isiguquli (ngokungafani nemishini, asikho isidingo sokuhlukanisa injini u-gearbox uma ushintsha amagiya noma wehla).

Ngakho-ke, ama-BVA angamabhulokhi anganikezi ikhefu lokulayisha ukuze kubikwe.

Kuvidiyo?

UThomas Schwencke ushicilele ividiyo yopopayi eyembula kakhulu ngalesi sihloko, ngincoma kakhulu ukuthi uyibuke:

Isebenza kanjani i-automatic transmission?

Yonke imibono nokuphendula

wokugcina amazwana athunyelwe:

I-Divx IQHAZA ELINGCONO KAKHULU (Usuku: 2021, 04:13:10)

Futhi inzwa isebenza kanjani ku-Saab?

Ukudluliswa okulahliwe okuthakazelisa ngempela.

Yathengiswa njenge-clutchless manual transmission.

Hhayi okuzenzakalelayo ngempela, hhayi okwenziwa ngesandla ngempela.

UMeyi ngegiya eliphezulu ube nesandla ekuhlekweni kwalo mdlalo.

Il J. 1 ukusabela (kula) mazwana:

• Ukuphatha UMPHATHI WENDAWO (2021-04-13 14:50:19): Angikayiboni eduze, kodwa ingikhumbuza i-Twingo 1 Easy. I-priori, ayikho into engacacile, ibhokisi lomshini elilula lapho sitshala khona iziqhumane ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Lokhu singakubheka njengama-gearbox "afakwe kancane", okungukuthi sirobhothi kuphela isilawuli se-clutch lapha, hhayi isilawuli se-gearbox, esihlala sixhumene ngale ndlela.

(Okuthunyelwe kwakho kuzobonakala ngaphansi kwamazwana ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa)

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