Ungahlola kanjani iphampu yenjini yemoto ngaphandle kokukhipha
Okuqukethwe
Iphampu yamanzi yesistimu yokupholisa injini yezimoto, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi yiphampu, idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amandla okushisa, ihlinzeka ngokujikeleza okusebenzayo koketshezi olusebenzayo. Uma ihluleka, injini engaphansi komthwalo ibilisa cishe ngaso leso sikhathi futhi iyawa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka okuphezulu, ukuqaphela izimpawu ezincane zezinkinga ngesikhathi.
Ungahlola kanjani ukusebenza kwepompo emotweni
Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kungaba ukushintshwa kokuvimbela kwepompo ngokugijima kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60-100, esimweni esivamile, kanyekanye nebhande lesikhathi, uma i-pulley yepompo inikwe amandla yiyo.
Kwezinye izimo, ipompo ishintshwa kalula ngokuvumelana nemithetho yomkhiqizi, kodwa lokhu akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi:
- insiza yamaphampu abakhiqizi abahlukene ihluke kakhulu;
- okuningi kuncike ezintweni zoketshezi olusetshenzisiwe, akuwona wonke ama-antifreeze agcina izakhiwo zawo zangempela isikhathi eside;
- ukuthwala umthwalo kuncike ezintweni zangaphandle, ikakhulukazi ukungezwani kwebhande;
- indlela yokusebenza, ukwehla komshini kanye nemvamisa yezinguquko zokushisa kuthinteka kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke isidingo sokwazi izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokucekelwa phansi kwe-node osekuqalile.
Umsindo ongaphandle
Ipompo iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili zokugqoka, lapho insiza yayo cishe incike ngokuphelele. Iwuphawu kanye ne-bearing. Ukugqoka kwebhokisi lokugxila akubonakali nganoma iyiphi indlela ngendlebe, kodwa ukuthwala, phambi kokugqoka, ngeke kukwazi ukusebenza ngokuthula.
Umsindo ungahluka, uyaklabalasa, uyabhayiza futhi uthephe, futhi kwesinye isikhathi uyashoshozela. Njengoba kunzima ukukhipha ipompo ekujikelezeni, kuyadingeka ukukhipha wonke amanye ama-bearings ohlangothini lwamabhande okushayela amayunithi, uqiniseke ukuthi asesimweni esihle, eshiya iphampu ngaphansi kokusola.
Bese ufunda kabanzi ngesimo sakhe. Ukujikeleza kwe-rotor yepompo kufanele kube bushelelezi ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kophawu oluncane lokugingqika kwamabhola aphethe noma i-backlash. Futhi kungcono ukuyishintsha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma i-node isivele isebenze kakhulu.
Ukuvala umsindo wepompo, ama-rollers angenzi lutho nazungezayo we-belt drive can. Kudingeka futhi zihlolwe, okuyinto elula kakhulu, kusukela lapho ususa ibhande kulula ukuwakhulula ngesandla futhi uqonde ukuba khona kokugqoka.
I-Pulley backlash
Kunezimo lapho ukugqoka kwekhwalithi yekhwalithi kwenzeka ngokulinganayo futhi umsindo ungenzeki. Iphampu elinjalo lisazosebenza, kodwa ukuhlehla okubangelwayo akuvumeli ibhokisi lokugxusha ukuthi lisebenze ngokujwayelekile.
Kukhona ingozi yokuvuza, okuzozibonakalisa nakanjani. Ngakho-ke, ukucaciswa kwe-radial noma i-axial kuma-bearings, okuzwakalayo lapho kunyakazisa i-pulley, kuyisignali yokushintshwa ngokushesha komhlangano wepompo.
Ukubonakala kokuvuza
I-oil seal elahlekelwe ukuqiniswa kwayo ngeke ikwazi ukubamba ukucindezela kwe-antifreeze nganoma iyiphi indlela. Isistimu yokupholisa isebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi eyeqile, edlala indima enhle ngebhokisi elijwayelekile lokugxusha, licindezela imiphetho yalo yokusebenza.
Ngemuva kokugqoka okubucayi, akukho lutho lokuqinisa lapho, futhi i-antifreeze ngaphansi kwengcindezi iqala ukuphuma. Lokhu kubonakala ngokubonakalayo.
Ukoma ngokushesha kwe-antifreeze enjinini eshisayo kwenza kube nzima ukuxilonga. Kodwa iminonjana esesimweni se-coating yesici isala, kufaka phakathi ibhande lokushayela.
Lapho ukuvuza kubalulekile, kakade kunzima ukungaboni, izinga le-liquid liyehla, ibhande lihlala limanzi futhi alinaso isikhathi sokumisa, i-antifreeze ihlakazeka ngezingxenye ezijikelezayo futhi igeleza isuka phansi kwe-casing.
Awukwazi ukuya phambili, udinga ukumiselela ngokushesha. Uma kungenjalo, ukuguga kwebhande kungenzeka, kulandelwa ukulungiswa kwenjini okunzima.
Antifreeze iphunga
Akubona bonke abashayeli abanomkhuba wokuvame ukubheka ngaphansi kwe-hood, ikakhulukazi njengoba bazi kahle ukuthi babheke kuphi ukuze bahlole isimo se-pump seal. Kodwa indawo yenjini ayivamisile ukuthi iqine kangangokuba i-antifreeze ehwamukayo ngeke ithole indlela yokuphuma, futhi iqonde ngqo ku-cabin.
Iphunga liyisici kakhulu, noma ubani owake wavuza i-radiator yesitofu uzokhumbula. Ukufuna okwengeziwe umthombo kungaholela emapayipini avuzayo nama-radiator, kanye nasempompini yamanzi.
Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwenjini
Uphawu oluyingozi kakhulu lokungasebenzi kahle kwepompo. Kungasho kokubili izimbangela ezichazwe kakade zesici, futhi okwesithathu okungajwayelekile - izinkinga nge-pump impeller.
Izinombolo eziningi ezigobile ku-rotor shaft, ezakha i-impeller, zinesibopho esiqondile sokuxuba uketshezi nokudala ukucindezela kwalo. Ngaphambili, yayenziwe ngokubunjwa ngensimbi eyinsimbi, ngakho ukuphuka kwayo kwakungafakwa. Ngaphandle uma kunezimo ezingavamile zokuxoshwa kokukhishwa kusuka ku-shaft ngenxa yokwephulwa kobuchwepheshe bokulingana kwayo komshini ngokuqina okudingekayo.
Manje, ekwenzeni ama-impellers, ipulasitiki yekhwalithi ehlukahlukene isetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zokujikeleza okusheshayo ku-antifreeze eshisayo ngesivinini esiphezulu, okubangela i-cavitation, ama-blades angase aqale ukuwa, i-impeller "impandla" ngeke isakwazi ukuxuba noma yini, ukujikeleza koketshezi kuphazamiseka, futhi izinga lokushisa lenjini liqala ukukhuphuka ngokushesha. . Kulokhu, i-radiator izobanda kakhulu, uketshezi oluvela kuyo ngeke lufinyelele ku-block nekhanda.
Imodi eyingozi kakhulu, injini kufanele icishwe ngokushesha futhi inkinga kufanele ibhekwe.
Izimpawu ezifanayo zingenzeka nge-impeller eqinile, kodwa lokhu kuzodinga ukuvuza okuphawulekayo koketshezi, ukwakheka kwamaphakethe omoya kanye nokunyamalala okuphelele kwezinga ku-tank yokwandisa. Lokhu kulula ukukubona lapho uhlola.
Ukuxazulula inkinga
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, amaphampu emishini eminingi ayengalungiswa. Umhlangano wasuswa futhi wacindezelwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukene, okwathi ngemva kwalokho ukuthwala nokuvala kuvame ukushintshwa. Manje akusekho okwenzayo.
Njengamanje, ikhithi yokulungisa iphampu iyingxenye yomzimba onophawu lwamafutha, i-bearing, shaft, pulley kanye ne-gasket enamathiselwe. Njengomthetho, usayizi ofanayo ojwayelekile onenombolo ye-serial eyaziwa kusukela kukhathalogi ikhiqizwa izinkampani eziningi.
Izinga lapha ngqo lincike intengo. Akufanele uthembe ukuthi ingxenye evela kumkhiqizi ongaziwa izokwazi ukunikeza insiza eyamukelekayo. Kuyafaneleka ukuma ezinkampanini ezihlinzeka ngempahla yesikhathi eside yamaphampu afakazelwe. Kubandakanya kubathumeli bama-automaker.
Ukushintsha iphampu akunzima. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile iguqulwa njengengxenye yekhithi yebhande lesikhathi. Kukhona amakhithi avela kumkhiqizi ofanayo, kokubili afakwe nangaphandle kwepompo efakiwe.
Ukuthengwa kwesethi enjalo kufaneleka kakhulu, ngoba inkampani ehloniphekile ngeke igcwalise ibhande nama-roller ngepompo yekhwalithi ephansi, futhi ngokushintshwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, intengo yomsebenzi iphansi kakhulu, njengoba iningi lemisebenzi yokuhlanganisa nokuhlakaza. kuqondane, okusele nje ukukhipha ezinye ze-antifreeze futhi kuqaqa izibophelelo zephampu.
Ingxenye entsha ifakwe ne-gasket kukhithi yokulungisa, emva kwalokho izinga lokupholisa lilethwa evamile.
Impilo ende yesevisi yezingxenye izoqinisekiswa ukungezwani okulungile kwebhande lokushayela, elingafaki ukulayishwa ngokweqile kwama-bearings. I-torque wrench ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukugwema amaphutha okulungisa. Udinga nje ukusetha amandla oyifunayo ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo.
