Ungahlola kanjani ikhoyili yokushisa nge-multimeter
Okuqukethwe
Uma ikhoyili yokuthungela ihluleka, injini yemoto yesimanje iyama ukuqala. Ukuxilongwa kwemoto ngamakhompyutha akuhlali kunquma ukungasebenzi kwekhoyili; esimweni esinjalo, indlela yakudala nefakazelwe yokuyihlola ngokusebenzisa idivayisi yendawo yonke (i-multimeter) kumodi yokulinganisa ukumelana ne-ohmic ayihluleki.
Inhloso yekhoyili yokushisa nezinhlobo zayo
Ikhoyili yokuthungela (ebizwa nangokuthi i-bobbin) iguqula umfutho kagesi usuke ebhethri elisenqoleni uye esiqongweni samandla aphezulu, usetshenziswe kuma-spark plugs afakwe kumasilinda, bese kudala inhlansi kagesi esikhaleni somoya we-spark plug. I-pulse ye-low-voltage ikhiqizwa ku-chopper (distributor), switch (i-ignition amplifier) noma i-unit control unit (ECU).
Ukuze kuhlukane ugesi we-spark plug air gap ye-oda lika-0,5-1,0 mm, kudingeka i-pulse ene-voltage okungenani ama-5 kilovolts (kV) nge-1 mm yegebe, i.e. umfutho kagesi onamandla kagesi okungenani ayi-10 kV kumele usetshenziswe ekhandleleni. Ukuthembela okukhulu, kucatshangelwa ukulahleka kwamandla kagesi ezintanjeni zokuxhuma kanye nesithasiselo esengeziwe sokukhawulela, amandla kagesi akhiqizwa yikhoyili kufanele afinyelele ku-12-20 kV.
Ukunakwa! I-high voltage pulse evela kwikhoyili yokuthungela iyingozi kubantu futhi ingadala nokudlikiza kagesi! Ukukhishwa kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Idivayisi yekhoyili yomlilo
Ikhoyili yokuthungela i-transform-step-up enama-windings ama-2 - i-low-voltage ne-high-voltage, noma i-autotransformer lapho womabili la mawindi anokuxhumana okuvamile, okubizwa nge- "K" (umzimba). Ukugoqa okuyinhloko kulinywe ngocingo lwethusi lwe-varnished lobubanzi obukhulu obungu-0,53-0,86 mm futhi liqukethe ukujika okungu-100-200. Iwindi lesibili lilinywe ngocingo ngobubanzi obungu-0,07-0,085 mm futhi liqukethe ukujika okungama-20.000-30.000.
Lapho injini isebenza futhi i-camshaft ijikeleza, inqubo ye-cam yomsabalalisi ivala ngokulandelana futhi ivule oxhumana nabo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuvula, ukushintsha kwamanje kokugoqa okuyinhloko kwekhoyili yokuthungela ngokomthetho wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic induces a amandla aphezulu.
Kusikimu esifanayo, esasetshenziswa kuze kube ngama-90s, oxhumana nabo bakagesi esiteshini sokuvula bavame ukusha, futhi eminyakeni engu-20-30 edlule, abakhiqizi bemishini kagesi bashintshe ama-mechanical breaker ngokuthe xaxa, nasezimotweni zesimanje, ukusebenza kwekhoyili yokuthungela ilawulwa yunithi yokulawula injini, okukhona kuyo inkinobho eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Kwesinye isikhathi inkinobho ihlanganiswa ngokwakhiwa nekhoyili yokuthungela, futhi uma yehluleka, kufanele ushintshe inkinobho ndawonye nekhoyili.
Izinhlobo zekhoyili yokuhogela
Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zamakhoyili we-ignition asetshenziswa ezimotweni:
- kuvamile kulo lonke uhlelo lokuthungela;
- amawele ajwayelekile (ezinjini ezingama-4-cylinder);
- kathathu okujwayelekile (ngezinjini ezingama-6-cylinder);
- ngakunye kusilinda ngamunye, kabili.
Amakhoyili avamile amawele namathathu ngasikhathi sinye akhiqiza izinhlansi kumasilinda asebenza esigabeni esifanayo.
Ukuhlola impilo yekhoyili yokushisa nge-multimeter
Qala ukubheka ikhoyili yokushisa "ngokuqhubeka" kwayo, okusho. ukukala ukumelana kwezingcingo zensimbi.
Ukuhlola amakhoyili ajwayelekile okushisa
Ukuhlola ikhoyili kufanele kuqale ngokugoqa kwayo okuyinhloko. Ukumelana okugoqayo, ngenxa yenani elincane lokujika kocingo olujiyile, nakho kuphansi, kububanzi obusuka ku-0,2 kuye ku-3 Ohm, kuya ngemodeli yekhoyili, futhi kukalwa kusimo sokushintsha se-multimeter "200 Ohm".
Inani lokumelana lilinganiswa phakathi kwamatheminali "+" no- "K" kwekhoyili. Njengoba usubize oxhumana nabo "+" no- "K", kufanele ulinganise ukumelana kwekhoyili yamandla aphezulu (lapho iswishi ye-multimeter kufanele ishintshelwe endaweni ye- "20 kOhm") phakathi kwamatheminali "K" ne- okukhipha ucingo lwamandla aphezulu.
Ukuze uxhumane ne-high-voltage terminal, thinta iphenyo ye-multimeter koxhumana nethusi ngaphakathi kwe-high-voltage wire connection niche. Ukumelana komoya ophakeme onamandla kufanele kube ngaphakathi kwe-2-3 kOhm.
Ukuphambuka okuphawulekayo kokumelana kwanoma yimaphi ama-coil windings avela kokufanele (esimweni esibi kakhulu, isifunda esifushane noma isekethe evulekile) kukhombisa ngokusobala ukungasebenzi kahle kwawo kanye nesidingo sokukufaka esikhundleni.
Ukuhlola amakhoyili amabili wokushisa
Ukuhlola amakhoyili wokushisa kabili kuhlukile futhi kunzima kakhulu. Kulezi zikhoyili, ukuholelwa kokushaywa okuyinhloko kuvame ukukhishwa kusixhumi sephini, futhi ngokuqhubeka kwayo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izikhonkwane zesixhumi esixhunywe kuso.
Kukhona amatheminali amabili anamandla amakhulu wamakhoyili anjalo, futhi okugoqeka kwesibili kufanele kukhethwe ngokuthinta ama-probe we-multimeter anama-terminals womabili aphezulu, kuyilapho ukumelana okulinganiswa yi-multimeter kungaphakama kancane kunalokho kwekhoyili evamile kuyo yonke system, futhi weqe u-4 kΩ.
Ukuhlola amakhoyili wokushisa ngamunye
Isizathu sokungabikho kwe-spark enamakhoyili wokuthungela ngakunye, ngaphezu kokwehluleka kwekhoyili uqobo (ehlolwe nge-multimeter njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla), kungaba ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-resistor eyengeziwe eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kuyo. Le Resistor ingasuswa kalula kwikhoyili, ngemuva kwalokho ukumelana kwayo kufanele kukalwe nge-multimeter. Inani elijwayelekile lokumelana lisuka ku-0,5 kΩ liye kuma-kΩ amaningana, futhi uma i-multimeter ikhombisa isekhethi evulekile, i-resistor inephutha futhi kufanele ithathelwe indawo, ngemuva kwalokho inhlansi ivame ukuvela.
Imiyalo yevidiyo yokuhlola amakhoyili wokushisa
Imibuzo nezimpendulo:
Ungahlola kanjani ikhoyili yokuthungela ye-VAZ nge-Multimeter? Ngalokhu, ikhoyili kulula ukuyidiliza. Ukumelana kukalwa kuzo zombili iziphetho. Kuye ngohlobo lwekhoyili, othintana nabo be-winding bazoba ezindaweni ezahlukene.
Ungahlola kanjani ikhoyili nge-multimeter? Okokuqala, i-probe ixhunywe ekuphepheni okuyinhloko (ukumelana kuyo kufanele kube ngaphakathi kwe-0.5-3.5 ohms). Isenzo esifanayo senziwa ngokuphenduka kwesibili.
Ngingayibheka ikhoyili yokuthungela? Egaraji, ungabheka ngokuzimela kuphela ikhoyili yokuthungela enomshini wokushisa wohlobo lwebhethri (ukukhiqiza okudala). Amakhoyili esimanje ahlolwa kuphela enkonzweni yezimoto.
