Ungahlola kanjani ingcindezi ku-air conditioner yemoto ngokwakho
Okuqukethwe
I-air conditioning system isiyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi imoto yesimanje. Ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine umbuso wokushisa osezingeni eliphezulu ngaphakathi kwemoto, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa kwangaphandle. Ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kwesistimu ethulwayo kuncike kakhulu ekugcineni amapharamitha amisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza. Enye yale mingcele ingcindezi yesiqandisi. Esimeni lapho inani eliphrezentweyo lingahambisani nevelu elishiwo, isistimu iyayeka ukusebenza ngendlela evamile.
Ukuze uvimbele noma okungenani unciphise ingozi yezimo eziphuthumayo, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukugcinwa okuvamile, kuhlanganise nenani lezinyathelo zokuvimbela.
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi umshayeli, ngenxa yokungazi kwakhe, akakwazi ukwenza izenzo ezinjalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukwazi okungenani isethi encane yamakhono namakhono, kanye nokuqonda isimiso sohlelo lonke.
Izisekelo ze-air conditioner emotweni
Ukuze uthathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuxilonga noma ukuqeda ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-air conditioner, kubalulekile ukuqonda izimiso eziyisisekelo zokusebenza kwalesi simiso.
Ngokubhekisela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene enekhono, singasho ukuthi izinhlelo eziveziwe zafakwa ezimotweni ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Yiqiniso, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo lezi zimiso zesimo sezulu. Ubuchwepheshe obudinga isayensi buye basiza ekwenzeni amasistimu aminyene futhi asebenzise amandla kakhudlwana, kodwa asekelwe cishe ezimisweni ezifanayo.
Uhlelo lwesimo sezulu olwethuliwe luvalwe ngokuphelele. Iqukethe ama-circuits amabili lapho umuntu angabona khona ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo - i-freon - ukusuka kwesinye isimo samakhemikhali kuya kwesinye. Kwesinye seziyingi kukhona indawo yokucindezela okuphansi, kwenye ephezulu.
I-compressor itholakala emngceleni walezi zindawo ezimbili. Ukukhuluma ngomfanekiso, kungabizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo yesistimu, eqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwefriji ngaphakathi kwesifunda esivaliwe. Kodwa ku-compressor eyodwa "ngeke uye kude." Ake siqale ngokulandelana, kusukela ngesikhathi ukhiye wokulawula isimo sezulu uvuliwe.
Lapho kuvulwe uhlelo lwe-air conditioning, i-compressor drive electromagnetic clutch iyasebenza. I-torque esuka enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi idluliselwa ku-compressor. Naye, uqala ukumunca i-freon esuka endaweni enengcindezi ephansi bese eyimpompa emgqeni wokucindezela okuphezulu. Njengoba umfutho ukhuphuka, isiqandisi segesi siqala ukushisa ngokuphawulekayo. Iqhubekela phambili ngomugqa, igesi eshisayo ingena kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-condenser. Le nodi inokuningi okufanayo ne-radiator yesistimu yokupholisa.
Ukuhamba ngamashubhu e-condenser, isiqandisi siqala ukukhulula ukushisa okwengeziwe endaweni ezungezile. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kakhulu isiphephetha-moya se-condenser, esihlinzeka ngokugeleza komoya kuye ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza. Umoya ogeleza odlula kurediyetha uthatha ingxenye yokushisa kwesiqandisi esishisayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinga lokushisa le-freon kulayini okukhiphayo wale nodi lehla ngengxenye yesithathu yenani layo lokuqala.
Indawo elandelayo ye-freon umshini wokomisa isihlungi. Igama lalesi sisetshenziswa esilula liyazikhulumela. Kalula nje, ibamba izinhlayiya ezihlukahlukene zakwamanye amazwe, ivimbele ukuvaleka kwamanodi esistimu. Amanye amamodeli we-dehumidifiers afakwe amawindi akhethekile wokubuka. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakwazi ukulawula kalula izinga lesiqandisi.
Isiqandisi esihlungiwe sibe sesingena ku-valve yokwandisa. Le nqubo ye-valve yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-valve yokwandisa noma i-valve yokwandisa. Kuyidivayisi yokudosa okuthi, kuye ngezinto ezithile, inciphise noma ikhulise indawo yokugeleza yomugqa endleleni eya ku-evaporator. Kuzofaneleka ukubalula lezi zici kamuva nje.
Ngemuva kwe-valve yokwandisa, isiqandisisi sithunyelwa ngqo ku-evaporator. Ngenxa yenhloso yayo yokusebenza, ivame ukuqhathaniswa nesishintshi sokushisa. Isiqandisi esipholile siqala ukujikeleza ngamashubhu e-evaporator. Kulesi sigaba, i-freon iqala ukudlulela esimweni segesi. Njengoba isendaweni enengcindezi ephansi, izinga lokushisa le-freon liyehla.
Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, i-freon iqala ukubilisa kulesi simo. Lokhu kuholela ekuminyanisweni kwezihwamuko ze-freon kusishintshi sokushisa. Umoya odlula ku-evaporator uyapholiswa futhi ufakwe endaweni yabagibeli ngosizo lwefeni ye-evaporator.
Masibuyele ku-TRV. Iqiniso liwukuthi isimo esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu ye-air conditioning ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo kwenqubo yokubilisa yoketshezi olusebenzayo kusishintshi sokushisa. Njengoba kudingekile, indlela ye-valve ye-valve yokwandisa iyavuleka, ngaleyo ndlela igcwalise uketshezi olusebenzayo ku-evaporator.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-valve yokwandisa, ngenxa yezici zayo zokuklama, inomthelela ekwehleni okukhulu kwengcindezi yesiqandisi endaweni yokuphuma, okubandakanya ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa layo. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-freon ifinyelela iphuzu lokubilisa ngokushesha. Le misebenzi ihlinzekwa idivayisi ethulwayo.
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubalula ukuba khona okungenani kwezinzwa ezimbili zomoya. Enye itholakala kumjikelezo wengcindezi ephezulu, enye ishumekwe kumjikelezo wengcindezi ephansi. Zombili zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesistimu ethulwayo. Ngokuthumela amasiginali kudivayisi yokubhalisa yeyunithi yokulawula injini, idrayivu ye-compressor kanye nefeni yokupholisa ye-condenser kuyavalwa / kuvulwe ngesikhathi.
Ungahlola kanjani ingcindezi ngokwakho
Kunezimo ezivamile lapho, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto ye-split-system, kudingekile ukwenza isilinganiso sokulawula ingcindezi kumasekethe wesistimu. Ngalokhu, ekuboneni kuqala, umsebenzi onzima, ungakwazi ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo ngokwakho, ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kochwepheshe kanye nalabo okuthiwa yi-servicemen.
Okudingekayo kulokhu amageji ambalwa okucindezela anezixhumi ezifanele. Ukwenza lula inqubo, ungasebenzisa i-gauge block ekhethekile, engathengwa ezindaweni eziningi zezimoto.
Lapho wenza inqubo yokulinganisa ingcindezi yesistimu ye-air conditioning, kubalulekile ukulandela ukulandelana kwezenzo ezithile:
- khipha ipulaki emgqeni wesistimu;
- screw esiteshini se-manometric, ukugwema ukungena kwezinhlayiya zothuli kanye nemfucumfucu ohlelweni;
- qala injini futhi uhlole ukusebenza.
Kuye ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nelebula yesiqandisi, ingcindezi yokusebenza yesekethe ngayinye izohluka.
Isibonelo, nge-freon R134a, ekushiseni kuka-+18 kuya ku-+22 degrees, inani elilungile lokucindezela yilokhu:
- kumjikelezo ophansi wengcindezi - kusuka ku-1,8 kuya ku-2,8 kg / cm2;
- endaweni yokucindezela okukhulu - kusuka ku-9,5 kuya ku-11 kg / cm2.
Ukuze uthole ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwezinkomba ezethulwe, ungasebenzisa amathebula esifinyezo atholakala kunethiwekhi.
Ngokuqhathanisa idatha etholiwe namanani amisiwe, umuntu angaqiniseka ngokucindezela okunganele noma ngokweqile ohlelweni lwe-air conditioning.
Ngokwemiphumela yesheke, kungenzeka ukudweba iziphetho ezithile mayelana nempilo ye-node ethile yesistimu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imingcele ekhonjiwe ayikhombisi neze inani elinganele lefriji ohlelweni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukala izinga lokushisa loketshezi olusebenzayo.
Ukuhlola ividiyo
Sikulethela ukunaka kwevidiyo enikezelwe ekuxilongeni ukungasebenzi kahle kwesimo somoya ngokusekelwe ekufundweni kweyunithi ye-manometric.
Iyiphi ingcindezi okufanele ibe yiyo kanye nendlela yokugcwalisa i-air conditioner ngemva kokuhlola
Ukucindezela kumasekethe ahlukahlukene wesistimu kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, le nkomba ithinteka kakhulu ekushiseni komoya kanye nohlobo loketshezi olusebenzayo.
Indlela eyodwa noma enye, ikakhulukazi, izinhlelo zesimanje zomoya, njengomthetho, zikhokhiswa izinhlobo zamafriji ezifuywayo ezinemingcele efanayo yokusebenza. Okuvame kakhulu kulawa okubizwa nge-134 freon.
Ngakho-ke, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, lolu hlobo lwesiqandisi kufanele lube ohlelweni lwe-air conditioning ngaphansi kwengcindezi elingana ne:
- 12 - 15 kg / cm2 kumjikelezo wengcindezi ephezulu;
- 1,5 - 5 kg / cm2 kumjikelezo wengcindezi ephansi.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zokusebenza ezibalulekile zesistimu yesimo sezulu yemoto. Ikuvumela ukuthi wahlulele impilo yamayunithi ayo okusebenza kanye nezakhi.
Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda: Indlela yokulungisa umfantu kubhampa wepulasitiki
Inqubo yokulinganisa ingcindezi ye-air conditioner ngokuvamile iholela ekulahlekelweni kwesiqandisi. Mayelana nalokhu, kuba kudingekile ukugcwalisa isistimu enanini elidingekayo.
Ukuze ugcwalise isistimu, kufanele ube nezinto ezithile kuwe. Uhlu lwemishini luhlanganisa:
- ibhulokhi ye-manometric;
- i-pair of air conditioning hoses;
- inqolobane enoketshezi olusebenzayo;
- ukufakwa koshintsho ngama-valve wokuvala.
Ngisho nomshayeli we-novice uzokwazi ukubhekana nokugcwalisa uhlelo nge-freon, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- isikulufa okufayo ngompompi ethangini le-freon;
- xhuma ukufakwa ku-hose;
- xhuma omunye umkhawulo we-hose esiteshini se-manometric;
- faka i-hose esele ngokufaka komunye umphumela we-manometric block;
- qhubeka ngqo ekugcwaliseni isistimu ngokuvula umpompi.
Ukuthola umthamo wokugcwalisa wesistimu ye-air conditioning yemoto ethile, vele ubheke ipuleti lolwazi ngaphansi kwehood yemoto yakho. Ngemva kokuyifunda, uzothola uhlobo / uhlobo loketshezi olusebenzayo kanye nevolumu yesistimu.
Izimbangela zokucindezela okuphansi + ividiyo ekulungiseni imibhobho yesistimu eyonakele
Enye yezinkinga ezivamile ukuthi abanikazi bezimoto ezine-air conditioning babhekana nazo ukwehla kwengcindezi ohlelweni. Izizathu zalolu hlobo lwesimo zingahluka kakhulu.
Ake sicabangele eziyinhloko:
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor;
- i-fuse eshaywayo ye-clutch yedrayivu noma isiphephetha-moya;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa yokucindezela uketshezi olusebenzayo;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-TRV;
- ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-compressor;
- inani elinganele lesiqandisi ohlelweni;
- i-depressurization yesistimu.
Iphuzu lokugcina libonisa ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza kwe-freon kokukodwa kokuxhumana. Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lwezizathu luhlotshaniswa nokugqoka kwamapayipi esistimu ye-air conditioning. Uma ucabangela iqiniso lokuthi izingxenye ezintsha zangempela zizobiza umnikazi isamba esihlelekile, ungasebenzisa enye yezindlela zokubuyisela amapayipi namapayipi e-air conditioner ezimweni zegaraji.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokulungisa amapayipi esistimu yokuhlukanisa izimoto, bheka ividiyo engezansi.
Ividiyo ethulwe yathunyelwa isikhungo senkonzo saseMoscow esaziwayo esisebenza ngokukhethekile ekulungiseni amayunithi esiqandisi kanye nezinhlelo zesimo sezulu.
