Indlela yokuqinisa kahle ama-mounts enjini

Ngemuva kwenhloko-dolobha yenjini, umcamelo ongakwesokudla wawuvuza, noma lapho injini ifakwa endaweni, izikulufo zokusekela okufanele azizange zifakwe kahle, kodwa ngokuvamile imisindo engathandeki kakhulu yezwakala ngesivinini esibuyela emuva naphambili. 1 - 1,5 kanye no-2,5 ​​- 3+ uma uvula imoto .

Ngashintsha umcamelo, nakuba manje ngicabanga ukuthi mhlawumbe ngeze. Ngeluleka wonke umuntu ukuthi aqale ngokujwayelekile afake injini kwendala uma kuzwakala imisindo. Ngokuvamile, ngiyishintshile, izimpawu zahlala, kuphela egiyeni eliya phambili umsindo wehla. Enkonzweni ngithi, ake sihlale enjinini egijimayo, ngingasayiphathi-ke eyokuthi amabhawodi angasontiwe angadinga ukulayishwa. Cha, cha, abafana bathi, akunangqondo, yonke eminye imicamelo idinga ukushintshwa (empeleni, “Sifuna ukuya ekhaya, isikhathi sesihambile”). Igoli elihle kubo, kwesokunxele. Ashayele egalaji, alithathe aqale ukuzilawula.

Ngokuvamile, ukuthi ngenze kanjani: Ngikhulule izikulufi futhi ngivumele ukuthi zisebenze kuqala ngo-XX, ngase ngigcina igesi ku-2k rpm, bese ngiphinda ngo-XX. Idayiwe, iqinile - izwakala njengo-0.

Umzamo wesibili: okufanayo, kuqiniswe kuphela. Okufanayo - 0 umqondo.

Umzamo wesithathu: Ngakhululeka ngase ngihamba ngemoto ngizungeza idolobhana ngibuye ngibuye naphambili. Isontekile lapho ithintwa khona, kodwa akunalutho. Cishe ngokuyisimangaliso, imisindo evela ngemuva yanyamalala, kodwa kusukela ngaphambili yaya iba mibi kakhulu. Ngazama futhi, ngavele ngaxegisa izikulufi ngaphezulu, kusengumphumela ofanayo. Kafushane, ngemuva kwemizamo emithathu enjalo, washaya igoli. Kodwa lapho ngiqinisa amabhawodi, ngabona ukuthi amabhawodi ayengaqinisiwe kuze kube sekugcineni; kwakungaphumi nhlobo umsindo ngemuva, ngisho nangaphambili. Kufanelekile ukuyidonsela phezulu kakhulu - umsindo uvela kuwo womabili amagiya, ngokusobala injini ishintsha ngokoqobo isuka ku-mm ngamabhawudi agobile endaweni engenalutho futhi yilokho kuphela - iyadlidliza.

Ngakho-ke umbuzo wami: mhlawumbe ungahlehlisi? cindezela kuze kuphele umsindo? Kukhona futhi imicamelo emithathu, futhi angiyiphenduli ngokoqobo ukuze isipikili siphume phakathi kwebhawodi nomcamelo.

Ukuqaphela okwesibili: Ngiqaphele ukuthi uma uqaqa eliseduze kakhulu ngaphambili namabhawodi phakathi, khona-ke elikude (lesithathu) ngokuvamile liphuma kanzima; lokhu kusho ukuthi injini iyajika futhi icindezela ibhawudi lesithathu. Uma, ngokuphambene nalokho, qinisa okokuqala naphakathi, khona-ke ibhawodi lesithathu lilula kakhulu, okunengqondo. Yilokho kanye isizathu sokuvela komsindo ku-D, kubonakala kimi, ilele kusikulufa sesithathu, ngendlela abeka ngayo injini. Ngoba uma uqinisa izikulufo ezimbili zokuqala (ngenxa yalokho, okwesithathu kuphenduka kube lula), khona-ke ku-D umsindo ucishe unyamalale ngokuphelele, futhi ku-R uvela futhi.

Ngakho-ke umbuzo wesibili: Ungawaqinisa kanjani amabhawodi ukuze ame aqonde?

Bheka futhi: Landa isithombe se-vaz 2114 namantombazane

Phakamisa futhi ukhulule konke oku-3 bese ubuyela emuva? Noma ungakwazi ukuyiqaqa ngokuphelele ephakathi, uvule ezikude ezimaphakathi neziyinkinga ngisho nenjini igijima, futhi ngemva kokulayisha kakade isikulufi esiphakathi nendawo, kude, bese usikhulula ngokuphelele esiseduze?

 

Injini yemoto iyandindizela ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Uma le nto ingaqedwa, izodala ukungakhululeki okuphathekayo kumshayeli nabagibeli. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, kuthinta kabi umshini ngokwawo. Ukudlidliza kudambiswe ama-cushions akhethekile. Angaguga futhi ahluleke. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukwazi ukuthi nini futhi kanjani ukushintsha injini mounts.

 

Uhambo lokuya ezintweni

Izinyathelo zokunciphisa ukudlidliza kwenjini zaqale zathathwa ngo-1932 ezimotweni ze-Plymouth ezakhiwa yi-Chrysler Corporation. Ngokwesiphakamiso sikanjiniyela omkhulu uFrederik Zeder, kwafakwa ama-gasket enjoloba phakathi kwenjini nohlaka. Abanikazi bezimoto ezindala ezakhiwe ngamaSoviet, njengemodeli yaseMoskvich, basangabona into enjengale.”

Izinyusi zenjini (ezibizwa nangokuthi izinyusi zenjini) namuhla ziza ngezinhlobo ezimbalwa:

Irabha-insimbi. Aqukethe amapuleti ensimbi amabili kanye nomcamelo werabha obekwe phakathi kwawo. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa i-polyurethane esikhundleni senjoloba, ehlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo ungaqiniswa ngeziphethu ukuze uthuthukise ukumuncwa kokushaqeka. Lezi zitendi ziyagoqeka futhi azigoqeki. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yobulula nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza. Impilo yesevisi yenjoloba nensimbi ingamakhilomitha ayi-100.

Yiqiniso, labo abashayeli abakhetha ukwenza yonke into ngezandla zabo, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile, ngokuvamile ukubhekana nenjoloba kanye nemithwalo yensimbi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubanikazi bezimoto zasekhaya. Inani lezinsimbi lincike ohlotsheni lwenjini. Ngokwesibonelo, injini eyisishiyagalombili valve Vaz 2110 imoto, izinhlangothi ezimbili futhi eyodwa ezingemuva asetshenziswa. Futhi enguqulweni ye-valve eyishumi nesithupha yezintaba kuzobe sekukhona ezinhlanu. Noma ubani ozoshintsha injini ye-VAZ ngezandla zakhe kufanele acabangele leli qiniso.

Lapho ushintsha izigaxa zenjini

Njengoba sekushiwo, impilo yeshalofu yezisekelo yinde impela. Ikakhulukazi uma umshayeli eyinakekela kahle imoto yakhe. Nokho, akukho okuhlala phakade. Ngakho-ke, lezi zingxenye zemoto zizolimala ngokushesha noma kamuva: kusukela emifantwini emincane ukuya ekuqhekekeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imisindo engaphandle ibonakala ku-cabin, efana nokuduma, isibonelo, futhi ukudlidliza kuzwakala ngaphansi kwe-hood ngesikhathi lapho injini isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo.

Ukuze uhlole imithwalo futhi unqume imbangela yezimpawu eziye zavela, kunendlela elula kakhulu. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi kuyafiseleka ukuba nomaqondana. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuthola ngemuva kwesondo futhi uqale injini. Ihood ivuliwe. Khona-ke, ukubeka imoto phezu handbrake, udinga ukuzama ukushayela ambalwa amasentimitha emuva naphambili. Phakathi nalezi zenzo, uzakwethu uzobona ukudlidliza kwenjini. Kubhekwa njengokuphambuka kokujwayelekile ukuthi i-motor ingatsheka ngokuqinile futhi ibuyele endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni kunalokho kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushaqeka kwesici kungenzeka ku-gearbox. Uma izikhathi ezinjalo zikhona, khona-ke kufanelekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kwemicamelo ngokushayela imoto emgodini wokuhlola. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzoba sobala: buyisela izinsimbi zenjini noma ezindala zisazosebenza. Izimpawu zangaphandle ezijwayelekile zingabhekwa njengezilandelayo:

• imifantu noma omunye umonakalo ezingxenyeni zenjoloba;
• ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zenjoloba kusukela kusisekelo sensimbi;
• ukuvuza koketshezi kusuka kumabheringi we-hydraulic.

 

Lezi zinkinga zivela ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwensiza, ukulahlekelwa kwe-raber elasticity ngaphansi kwethonya lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini, ukuchayeka oketshezini olusebenza ngamakhemikhali, njll. Manje ake sikhulume ngalokho okufanele ukwenze uma imicamelo inesici futhi umgomo wakho yizindleko eziphansi kakhulu, okungukuthi, indlela yokwenza lokhu kulungisa ngokwakho.

Zenzele wena ukushintshwa kwesikhwezi senjini

Kule nqubo, ngokuyisisekelo, akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi akunandaba ukuthi uya, ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni sokukhweza injini yangemuva noma konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umehluko uzoba ukuthi yikuphi uhlangothi okufanele usebenze (umcamelo ongemuva ususwa phansi emotweni, kanti okunye kusuka phezulu). Kumathuluzi ikati lakho elizowadinga, ungase futhi udinge ibhulokhi yokhuni noma ibhodi eliwugqinsi ukuze alisebenzise njengesikhala.

Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi kube nezikrini ezivulekile kanye nezisekelo ze-13, 15, 17, 19 nezinye, kuye ngezici zokuklama zokufakwa okuthile kwe-ICE. Akudingekile ukushayela imoto emgodini noma i-overpass, nakuba uma ukuvikelwa kwenjini kufakiwe, kuyoba lula kakhulu ukuyikhipha emgodini.

1. Okokuqala, imoto kufanele ifakwe ngokulinganayo, isuse imigwaqo nokuhlanekezela. Qinisekisa ukuthi ufake obhampa ngaphansi kwamasondo angemuva. Futhi, njengoba sekushiwo, isivikelo injini (uma ikhona) isusiwe, kanye alternator ibhande. Ukuze kukhishwe ibhande, ibhawudi le-tensioner liqale lingakulungi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cishe udinga ukhiye we-13.
2. Manje sekungene ikati. Ifakwe ngaphansi kwenjini futhi ngosizo lwe-spacer injini iyaphakanyiswa. Lokhu kususa umthwalo kumakhushini angaphambili. Manje zingakhululwa, bese ungaqhubeka ngqo nokuwashintsha. Uma udinga ukusebenza nge-cushion yangemuva, i-jack ifakwe endaweni ye-gearbox. Uma kungenjalo, kodwa imicamelo eminingana kufanele ishintshwe, lokhu kwenziwa ngokushintshana. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kunezintaba ezengeziwe enjini ye-valve eyishumi nesithupha. Kodwa ingqikithi yenqubo yokuwashintsha ngeke ishintshe kulokhu.

Ake sibambe imiphumela

Ngakho-ke, ukulimala kwezinsimbi zenjini kunezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokuwashintsha ayidingi ulwazi olukhethekile kudivayisi yemoto kanye nesipiliyoni senkonzo yemoto. Isethi yamathuluzi adingekayo incane. Isethi enjalo, njengomthetho, itholakala ku-trunk yawo wonke umnikazi wemoto.

Bheka futhi: umsindo wemoto

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuphila pillows kungenziwa enwetshiwe uma ulandela imithetho embalwa elula yokusebenza nokushayela imoto:

• gwema ukuqala okungazelelwe endaweni eyodwa;
• lapho ushayela emigodini, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha okukhulu;

Okokugcina, sengeza ukuthi ukushaya ama-bump ngesivinini esiphezulu noma ukushayela okusebenzayo endaweni embi kubangela ukuzamazama okusebenzayo kweyunithi yamandla endaweni yenjini. Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi izindleko zemicamelo emisha zingamangaza ngokungathandeki ngisho nabanikazi besabelomali sezimoto zasekhaya. Endabeni yezimoto zakwamanye amazwe, ukulungiswa kungadinga izindleko ezinkulu zezimali.

Amakhushini enjini yemoto: ngokuqokwa. Izinhlobo zokuqiniswa kweyunithi yamandla kanye nomehluko wedizayini Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi namabhulokhi okulawula.

Kungani injini idlidliza ngokungenzi lutho? Izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle, ukuxilonga. Amathiphu namasu okunciphisa amazinga okudlidliza kwenjini.

Izimbangela zokudlidliza nokusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini kadizili ingenzi lutho. Izimbangela ezingenzeka kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga.

Izindlela zokuhlola injini lapho ukhetha imoto esetshenzisiwe: ukuxilonga ngokubukeka, umsindo wokusebenza, isimo se-spark plugs, umbala wamagesi okukhipha umoya, njll.

Indlela yokuthola inombolo yenjini kuyunithi yamandla ngokwayo noma kwezinye izindawo ngaphansi kwe-hood yemoto. Indawo yenombolo yenjini kumamodeli ezimoto adumile.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwekhompiyutha, ukwakheka kwebhodi nezixhumi. Ukucubungula idatha ye-ECU, ibhasi le-CAN. Izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yokulawula injini, ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kweyunithi.

Ngolunye usuku engxoxweni phakathi kwami ​​​​nomuntu omuhle, kwavela umbuzo wokuthi ungalungisa kanjani izinsimbi zenjini. Kodwa hhayi kuphela ngosizo lwama-bolts okufakwayo, kodwa futhi ngosizo lokulinganisa izisindo, ezitholakala ngqo kubakaki. Nakuba lesi samanje siyisithombe, kodwa bona, kukhona izisindo kuwo wonke umuntu. Futhi kumnikazi wejeli, ongakwesobunxele, isikali sinamathiselwe ku-latch.

Ngakho-ke uma uzinqamula, ungakwazi ukuqeda ukudlidliza ngemva kokufaka imicamelo. Ubani onemibono ngalesi sihloko?

Mangisho, ngonyaka odlule ngashintsha ama-airbag angaphambili nangemuva, lawo asekuqaleni. Ukudlidliza sekucishe kwaphela. (ingasaphathwa yokuhlanza, amakhandlela, izintambo, abasabalalisi, uphethiloli, amaphampu, izihlungi). Waphuthuma wabeka phansi imicamelo, wayibeka phansi njengoba injalo, wahamba wayobheka umkakhe. Ngimangele: bekungekho ukudlidliza ku-xx naku-d. Hhayi-ke, ngicabanga ukuthi ngizofika ngingene emoyeni. Akusebenzanga. Sengizame izikhathi eziningana, akukho okushintshile. Ngenhlanhla, lapho ngisesibhedlela, ngakhuluma nendoda ethile.