Indlela yokushaja kahle i-air conditioner yemoto yakho

I-air conditioner yemoto yenza i-microclimate ekhululekile ekamelweni, iqede ukushisa kwehlobo okuqeda amandla. Kodwa i-air conditioner efakwe emotweni isengozini kakhulu kunemishini yasendlini efanayo, ngoba ibhekene nokuthuthumela ngenkathi ushayela, ukungcola komgwaqo namakhemikhali anokhahlo. Ngakho-ke, kudinga ukunakekelwa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokugcwalisa kabusha kwesiqandisi.

Sisebenza kanjani isimo somoya emotweni?

Ukupholisa komoya ku-cabin kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba khona kwesiqandisi esikhethekile ohlelweni oluvaliwe lwe-air conditioning, okuthi ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kudlulele esimweni segesi kuya esimweni se-liquid futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

I-compressor ye-air conditioning yemoto ivamise ukushayelwa ngomshini ibhande lokushayela elidlulisa ukuzungezisa ukusuka ku-crankshaft. I-compressor enengcindezi ephezulu iphoqa igesi efrijini (freon) ohlelweni. Ngenxa yokucindezelwa okuqinile, igesi ishiselwa cishe ku-150°C.

Ku-condenser (condenser), i-freon condenses, igesi iyaphola futhi iphenduke ibe yisimo se-liquid. Le nqubo ihambisana nokukhululwa kwenani elikhulu lokushisa, elisuswa ngenxa yokuklama kwe-capacitor, okuyi-radiator ene-fan. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, i-condenser iphinde ishaye ngokugeleza komoya okuphikisayo.

Okulandelayo, i-freon idlula endaweni yokomisa ebamba umswakama owedlulele bese ingena ku-valve yokwandisa. Ngenxa ye-valve yokwandisa, ukugeleza kwesiqandisi esingena ku-evaporator kulawulwa kakade ngaphansi kwengcindezi encishisiwe. Lapho ibanda kakhulu i-freon endaweni yokukhipha umhwamuko, ivolumu yesiqandisi iba mncane igeleza ngevalvu iye endaweni yokukhipha umhwamuko.

Ku-evaporator, i-freon iyashintsha isuka oketshezini iye esimweni segesi ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwengcindezi. Njengoba inqubo yokuhwamuka idla amandla, ukupholisa okujulile kwe-freon kanye ne-evaporator ngokwayo kwenzeka. Umoya ophephethwa yi-fan nge-evaporator uyapholiswa futhi ungene ku-cabin. Futhi i-freon ngemva kokuba i-evaporator ibuya nge-valve iye ku-compressor, lapho inqubo ye-cyclic iqala kabusha.

Uma ungumnikazi wemoto yaseShayina futhi udinga ukulungisa i-air conditioner, ungathola ezidingekayo esitolo se-intanethi.

Yini futhi kangaki ukugcwalisa isipholile somoya

Uhlobo lokupholisa kanye nenani laso kuvame ukukhonjiswa kulebula engaphansi kwesivalo noma kumadokhumenti esevisi. Ngokujwayelekile lena yi-R134a (tetrafluoroethane).

Amayunithi akhiqizwa ngaphambi kuka-1992 asebenzisa uhlobo lwe-freon u-R12 (i-difluorodichloromethane), eyaqashelwa njengomunye wababhubhisi bongqimba lwe-ozone yoMhlaba futhi ayivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-freon iyavuza. Kuma-air conditioner ezimoto ingafinyelela ku-15% ngonyaka. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuthi ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kube ngaphezu kwesigamu sevolumu yefriji. Kulokhu, kunomoya omningi nomswakama ohlelweni. Ukufaka uphethiloli kancane kungase kungasebenzi. Isistimu izodinga ukukhishwa bese ishajwa ngokugcwele. Futhi lokhu, ngokwemvelo, kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyabiza. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukugcwalisa ngesiqandisi okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-3...4. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa i-air conditioner nge-freon, kuhle ukuthi uhlole ukuvuza ohlelweni ukuze ungachithi imali, isikhathi nomzamo.

Yini edingekayo ukuze ugcwalise kabusha nge-freon?

Ukuze ugcwalise kabusha imoto yakho ngesiqandisi ngokwakho, uzodinga izinto ezilandelayo:

- i-press gauge station (umqoqi);

- isethi yamashubhu (uma engafakiwe esiteshini)

- ama-adaptha;

- izikali zekhishi ze-elekthronikhi.

Uma uhlela ukukhipha uhlelo, uzodinga futhi ipompo ye-vacuum.

Futhi-ke, ithini lesiqandisi.

Ivolumu edingekayo ye-freon incike kumodeli ye-air conditioner, kanye nokuthi ukugcwalisa ingxenye noma ukugcwalisa kabusha kwenziwa.

ukuhlanza

Ngokuhlanza, umoya nomswakama kukhishwa ohlelweni, okuphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-air conditioner futhi kwezinye izimo kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwayo.

Xhuma ishubhu elisuka empompini yevacuum ngqo kumshini wokupholisa umoya olingana nomugqa womfutho ophansi, qaqa ingono bese uvula ivalvu etholakala ngaphansi kwayo.

Qala iphampu futhi uyivumele isebenze cishe imizuzu engama-30, bese uvala bese uqinisa i-valve.

Okungcono nakakhulu, yenza uxhumano ngegeji ye-pressure gauge ukuze ukwazi ukulawula inqubo usebenzisa ukufundwa kwegeji yokucindezela. Kwalokhu:

- xhuma i-inlet yepompo endaweni ephakathi nendawo yokucindezela okuningi;

- xhuma ipayipi elicindezelayo eliphansi le-manifold (blue) ekulinganeni kwendawo yokucindezela ephansi ye-air conditioner,

—Xhuma ipayipi elinomfutho ophezulu (obomvu) ekufakweni kokukhishwa kwe-compressor ye-air conditioning (kwezinye izinhlobo lokhu kufakwa kungase kungabi khona).

Vula iphampu bese uvula i-valve eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye ne-valve ebomvu esiteshini sokukala ukucindezela (uma ishubhu elihambisanayo lixhunyiwe). Vumela iphampu isebenze okungenani imizuzu engama-30. Bese uqinisa ama-valve okulinganisa umfutho, vala iphampu bese unqamula ipayipi endaweni ephakathi nendawo yegeji ye-pressure gauge.

Uma unegeji ye-pressure-vacuum, ukufundwa kwayo ngemva kokukhishwa kufanele kube phakathi kuka-88...97 kPa futhi kungashintshi.

Uma ingcindezi inyuka, udinga ukuhlola isistimu ukuvuza usebenzisa indlela yokuhlola ingcindezi ngokumpompa inani elithile le-freon noma ingxube yayo ne-nitrogen kuyo. Khona-ke isisombululo sensipho noma i-foam ekhethekile isetshenziswa emigqeni, ezosiza ekutholeni ukuvuza.

Ngemva kokuqeda ukuvuza, phinda ukukhishwa.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ivacuum ezinzile ayiqinisekisi ukuthi isiqandisi ngeke sivuze ngemva kokuthi sishajwe ohlelweni. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokunquma ngokunembile ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza iwukuhlola ingcindezi.

Ungayishaja kanjani kabusha i-air conditioner yemoto ngokwakho

1. Xhuma isiteshi sokukala umfutho ngokuqala uqinise amavalvu aso.

Xhuma futhi usikulule ipayipi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukusuka kugeji yokucindezela okuluhlaza ukuya endaweni yokumunca (yokugcwalisa), uqale ngokukhipha ikepisi lokuvikela. Lokhu kufakwa kutholakala kushubhu elijiyile eliya ku-evaporator.

Ngokufanayo, xhuma ipayipi elibomvu elisuka kugeji yengcindezi ebomvu ukuya endaweni yokucindezela okukhulu (ukukhipha), etholakala kushubhu elincane.

Ungase udinge ama-adaptha ukuze uxhumeke.

2. Uma kunesidingo, isibonelo, uma i-vacuum yenziwa ngaphambili, uthele amafutha amancane e-PAG (i-polyalkylene glycol) ekhethekile ebhodleleni lomjovo wamafutha, elitholakala ku-hose ephuzi exhunywe ekufakweni okuphakathi kwesiteshi sokulinganisa ukucindezela. Amafutha azompontshelwa ohlelweni kanye ne-freon. Ungasebenzisi ezinye izinhlobo zamafutha!

Funda ngokucophelela ulwazi olusebhodleleni lesiqandisi. Kungenzeka isivele isifakwe amafutha. Khona-ke asikho isidingo sokuthela amafutha ku-injector yamafutha. Futhi, ayidingi ukungezwa ngesikhathi sokufaka i-refueling ingxenye. Uwoyela oweqile ohlelweni ungenza kube nzima ukuthi i-compressor isebenze futhi ibangele nokuba ihluleke.

3. Xhuma ingxenye yesibili yepayipi eliphuzi kusilinda ye-freon ngokusebenzisa i-adaptha empompini. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-adaptha valvu ivaliwe ngaphambi kokuqhwisha emicu ye-canister.

4. Vula umpompi we-freon cylinder. Khona-ke udinga ukukhulula kancane i-hose ephuzi ku-pressure manifold fitting futhi ukhulule umoya kuwo ukuze ungangeni ohlelweni lwe-air conditioning. Ngemuva kokukhipha umoya, bopha ipayipi.

5. Beka ithini le-freon esikalini ukuze ulawule inani lesiqandisi esishajwayo. Izikali zekhishi ze-elekthronikhi zifanelekile.

6. Qala injini bese uvula isiphephetha-moya.

7. Ukuze uqale ukufaka uphethiloli, khulula ivalve eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esiteshini sokukala umfutho. Okubomvu kufanele kuvaliwe.

8. Uma inani elidingekayo le-freon liphonswa ohlelweni, vala umpompi ethini.

Gwema isiqandisi sokushaja ngokweqile. Gada ingcindezi, ikakhulukazi uma ugcwalisa ngeso, lapho akwaziwa ukuthi ingakanani i-freon esele ohlelweni. Ngomugqa wengcindezi ephansi, ukufundwa kwegeji yokucindezela akufanele kudlule ibha engu-2,9. Ukucindezela okwedlulele kungase kulimaze i-air conditioner.

Lapho usuqedile ukufaka i-refueling, hlola ukusebenza kahle kwe-air conditioner, susa ama-hoses futhi ungakhohlwa ukufaka ama-caps okuvikela okufakwayo.