Indlela yokuqonda ukuthi isitofu semoto sinomoya futhi sixoshe isikhiya somoya esitofu

Ukwehluleka kwesitofu kuzodala izinkinga eziningi kumshayeli nakubagibeli, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlelwa uhambo olude kubanda. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-heater kungase kube umphumela wokungenisa umoya ohlelweni lokupholisa, okuthembisa izinkinga eziningi kunokuntuleka kokushisa nokunethezeka. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi ukuze umoya isitofu emotweni.

Ukwehluleka kwesitofu kuzodala izinkinga eziningi kumshayeli nakubagibeli, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlelwa uhambo olude kubanda. Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-heater kungase kube umphumela wokungenisa umoya ohlelweni lokupholisa, okuthembisa izinkinga eziningi kunokuntuleka kokushisa nokunethezeka. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi ukuze umoya isitofu emotweni.

Yini efaka isistimu yokushisisa/yokupholisa emoyeni

Uhlelo lokupholisa luyinhlanganisela yokhiye abambalwa, ama-node axhumene. Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuthi isebenza kanjani, ake sibheke ingxenye ngayinye yale mishini ebalulekile yomshini ngokuningiliziwe:

• Iphampu lamanzi. Iphampu ye-centrifugal ecindezela futhi ijikeleze i-antifreeze ngamapayipi, amapayipi namashaneli esistimu yokupholisa. Lo mshini we-hydraulic uyikesi lensimbi eline-shaft. I-impeller ifakwe engxenyeni eyodwa ye-shaft, eqala ukujikeleza koketshezi ngesikhathi sokujikeleza, kanti enye ingxenye yeyunithi ifakwe i-pulley yokushayela lapho iphampu ixhunywe khona ebhande lesikhathi. Eqinisweni, ngebhande lesikhathi, injini iqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwepompo.
• I-Thermostat. Ivalvu elawula ukuzungeza kwesipholile ngesistimu yokupholisa. Igcina izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile kumotho. I-block kanye nekhanda le-cylinder lizungezwe imbobo evaliwe (ihembe), elinamashaneli lapho i-antifreeze ijikeleza futhi ipholisa amaphiston ngamasilinda. Lapho izinga lokushisa elipholile enjini lifinyelela kuma-degree angu-82-89, i-thermostat ivuleka kancane kancane, ukugeleza koketshezi olushisayo kuqala ukujikeleza ngomugqa oholela kurediyetha yokupholisa. Ngemva kwalokho, ukunyakaza kokupholisa kuqala kuyindilinga enkulu.
• I-radiator. Isishintshi sokushisa, esidlula lapho isiqandisi esishisayo sipholile, bese sibuyiselwa ohlelweni lokupholisa injini. Uketshezi kusishintshi sokushisa lupholisa ukucindezela komoya ongenayo ovela ngaphandle. Uma ukupholisa kwemvelo kungenele, irediyetha ingakwazi ukupholisa into epholile nge-fan eyengeziwe.
• Ithangi lokunweba. Isitsha sepulasitiki esiguquguqukayo, esitholakala ngaphansi kwe-hood eduze kwesishintshi sokushisa. Njengoba wazi, ukushisa kwe-antifreeze kuholela ekwandeni kwevolumu yokupholisa, ngenxa yalokho kuvela ingcindezi eyengeziwe ohlelweni lokupholisa oluvaliwe. Ngakho-ke, i-RB yakhelwe ukwenza umfutho wegazi ube ojwayelekile. Ngamanye amazwi, ngesikhathi sokwanda kwenani le-antifreeze, i-refrigerant eyeqile igeleza kuleli chibi elikhethekile. Kuvele ukuthi ithangi lokunwetshwa ligcina ukutholakala kokupholisa. Uma kukhona ukushoda kwesipholile ohlelweni, sinxeshezelwa kusuka ku-RB, ngepayipi elixhunywe kuso.
• Ulayini wesistimu yokupholisa. Kuyinethiwekhi evaliwe yamapayipi namapayipi lapho isipholile sizungeza ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Ngomugqa, i-antifreeze ingena ejazini lokupholisa le-cylinder block, isusa ukushisa ngokweqile, bese ingena ku-radiator ngamapayipi, lapho isiqandisi sipholile.

Manje kuthiwani ngohhavini? Iqiniso liwukuthi amayunithi esitofu axhunywe ngokuqondile nesistimu yokupholisa. Ngokunemba kakhudlwana, ipayipi lesistimu yokushisa lixhunywe kumjikelezo lapho i-antifreeze izungeza khona. Lapho umshayeli evula isifudumezi sangaphakathi, kuvuleka ishaneli ehlukile, okokupholisa enjinini kudlule kulayini ohlukile oya esitofini.

Ngamafuphi, uketshezi olushisiwe enjinini, ngaphezu kwe-radiator yesistimu yokupholisa, lungena ku-radiator yesitofu, lushaywa yi-fan kagesi. Isitofu ngokwaso siyikesi elivaliwe, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona iziteshi zomoya ezinama-dampers. Le nodi ngokuvamile itholakala ngemuva kwedeshibhodi. Futhi kudeshibhodi yekhabhinethi kune-knob-regulator exhunywe ngekhebula kumshini wokukhipha umoya we-heater. Ngalesi sici, umshayeli noma umgibeli ohlezi eduze kwakhe angakwazi ukulawula indawo yokushisa bese usetha izinga lokushisa elifunayo ekamelweni.

Idivayisi yesitofu emotweni

Ngenxa yalokho, isitofu sishisisa ingaphakathi ngokushisa okutholwe enjinini eshisayo. Ngakho-ke, singasho ngokuphepha ukuthi i-heater ye-cabin iyingxenye yesistimu yokupholisa. Ngakho-ke kuyini ukushaywa umoya kwesistimu yokushisa / yokupholisa imoto futhi iyingozi kangakanani enjini yemoto?

Okubizwa ngokuthi i-airing yesistimu yokupholisa iyisikhiya somoya, okuthi, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezithile, kwenzeka kumasekhethi avaliwe lapho okupholisayo kuzungeza khona. Iphakethe lomoya elisanda kwakhiwa livimbela ukugeleza okuvamile kwe-antifreeze ngamapayipi emibuthano emikhulu nemincane. Ngakho-ke, ukungenisa umoya akubandakanyi nje kuphela ukwehluleka kwe-heater, kodwa futhi nemiphumela emibi kakhulu - ukushisa ngokweqile nokuwohloka kwenjini.

Ukukhipha isitofu: izimpawu, izimbangela, amakhambi

Uma kukhona ukukhiya komoya ohlelweni lokushisa lwemoto, kuzovimbela ukugeleza okujwayelekile kwe-antifreeze futhi empeleni kubangele ukuthi i-heater ingasebenzi kahle. Ngakho-ke, isibonakaliso sokuqala nesiyinhloko somoya womoya wesistimu uma, enjinini efudumele kahle, isitofu asishisi, futhi umoya obandayo uvunguza kusuka kuma-deflectors.

Futhi, isibonakaliso sokuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lunomoya kungaba ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini. Lokhu kuzoqondiswa amathuluzi ahambisanayo kudeshibhodi. Lokhu kungenxa yesikhwama somoya, esenzeka ngenxa yezinga eliphansi le-antifreeze, elingase liphume noma lihwamuke. I-void eyakhiwe esiteshini, njengokungathi, ihlukanisa ukugeleza kwamanzi futhi ayivumeli isiqandisisi ukuba sijikeleze. Ngakho-ke, ukwephulwa kokujikeleza kwegazi kuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwemoto, futhi iziphazamisi zesitofu zikhipha umoya obandayo, ngoba i-coolant ayingeni nje kumjikelezo wesistimu yokushisa.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokungenisa umoya isitofu ukuvuza kanye nokwehla kwezinga lokupholisa ohlelweni lokupholisa, ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwezintambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukupholisa okuphuma ohlelweni kuvame ukubangelwa ukuphuka kwe-cylinder head gasket, ukuphuka kwesembozo se-valve yethangi lokunwetshwa.

Ukucindezeleka

Ukwephulwa kokuqina ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho amapayipi, amapayipi noma izinsimbi zonakalisiwe. I-Antifreeze iqala ukugeleza ezindaweni ezilimele, futhi umoya nawo uyangena. Ngakho-ke, izinga lesiqandisi lizoqala ukwehla ngokushesha futhi uhlelo lokupholisa luzosakazwa. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, hlola ukuvuza kwamapayipi namapayipi. Ukuthola ukuvuza kulula ngokwanele, njengoba i-antifreeze izophuma ngokubukeka.

Ukuvuza kwesithando emotweni

Esinye isizathu sokulahlekelwa ukuqina kwesistimu yokupholisa ukuwohloka kwe-cylinder block gasket. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-motor ayiyona i-cast-piece body, kodwa iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili - ibhulokhi nekhanda. I-gasket yokuvala ibekwe lapho kuhlangana khona i-BC kanye nekhanda lesilinda. Uma lolu phawu lugqashuka, kuzoba nokwephulwa kokuqina kwesilinda, ukuvuza okupholisayo kusuka ejazini lokupholisa lenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okubi nakakhulu, i-antifreeze ingageleza ngqo kumasilinda, ixube namafutha enjini futhi yakha into engafanele yokugcoba izakhi zokusebenza.

motor, emulsion. Uma i-antifreeze ingena kumasilinda, intuthu emhlophe ewugqinsi izoqala ukuphuma epayipini le-exhaust.

Ukuhluleka kwekhava yevalvu

Njengoba wazi, umsebenzi wethangi lokunweba awugcini nje ukugcina izinqolobane zesiqandisi ngokweqile, kodwa futhi nokwenza kujwayelekile ingcindezi ohlelweni. Lapho i-antifreeze ishisa, ivolumu ye-coolant iyanda, kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi. Uma ingcindezi ingaphezu kuka-1,1–1,5 kgf/cm2, ivalvu esesivaloni sethangi kufanele ivuleke. Ngemuva kokuthi ukucindezela kwehla kumanani okusebenza, okokuphefumula kuyavalwa futhi isistimu iyaqina futhi.

i-valve yethangi yokwandisa

Ngakho-ke, ukwehluleka kwe-valve kuzoholela ekucindezelweni okweqile, okuzodlulela kuma-gaskets nama-clamps, okuzodala ukuvuza kokupholisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuvuza, umfutho uzoqala ukwehla, futhi lapho injini iphola, izinga lokupholisa lizoba ngaphansi kunesidingo futhi kuzovela ipulaki ohlelweni lokupholisa.

Funda futhi: I-heater eyengeziwe emotweni: kuyini, kungani idingeka, idivayisi, ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Indlela yokukhipha umoya kuhhavini

Uma ukuba khona kwesikhiya somoya kungahlotshaniswa nokulimala kwamapayipi, amapayipi, izinsimbi, ukwehluleka kwephampu noma i-valve yomoya, kulula kakhulu ukunqoba umoya wesistimu yokupholisa.

Uma kungena umoya ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa nge-antifreeze entsha noma ngenye indlela engahleliwe, kunendlela elula nedume kakhulu yokuxazulula le nkinga, equkethe i-algorithm elandelayo yezenzo:

1. Vala imoto ngebhuleki lokupaka.
2. Susa ama-caps ku-radiator kanye nethangi lokunweba.
3. Qala injini, uyifudumeze ifike ezingeni lokushisa lokusebenza.
4. Okulandelayo, vula isitofu ukuze ufinyelele phezulu futhi uqaphe izinga lokupholisa ethangini lokunweba. Uma isistimu inomoya, izinga le-antifreeze lizoqala ukwehla. Futhi, ama-bubbles kufanele avele ebusweni befriji, ekhombisa ukukhululwa komoya. Lapho nje umoya oshisayo uphuma esitofini, izinga lokupholisa liyayeka ukuwa, futhi amabhamuza nawo adlule, okusho ukuthi uhlelo alunawo umoya ngokuphelele.
5. Manje engeza i-antifreeze emfudlaneni omncane ethangini lokunweba, kuze kufike kumaki aphezulu aboniswe emzimbeni wethangi lepulasitiki.

Uma le ndlela ingenamsebenzi, hlola ngokucophelela ubuqotho bamapayipi, i-hose, ukufakwa, i-radiator. Uma kutholwa ukuvuza, kuzodingeka ukuthi kukhishwe isipholile ngokuphelele, ushintshe amapayipi awonakele noma isishintshi sokushisa, bese ugcwalisa uketshezi olusha.

Ukopha kanjani uhlelo lokupholisa imoto