Ukuqonda kanjani ukuthi i-antifreeze ingena enjinini
Okuqukethwe
I-radiator yesitofu sangaphakathi ingahluleka. Inkinga iba sobala lapho iwindshield inkungu, umswakama uqoqana ngaphansi komata wabagibeli bangaphambili. Xazulula udaba ngendlela efanayo ne-radiator eyinhloko.
Uhlelo lokupholisa luyingxenye ebalulekile yezimoto ezinenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo. Abashayeli bajwayele izimo lapho isiqandisi singena emafutheni enjini. Izizathu zalesi simo, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma i-antifreeze ingena enjini, yisihloko sezinkundla eziningi zezimoto.
Kungani i-antifreeze ingena enjinini
Ukupholisa namafutha kuyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali ehlukene. Isipholisaji siyingxube yamanzi agxilile kanye nama-distilled. Ukwakheka kwezinto zokuthambisa zezimoto kuyisisekelo sokuhlanganisa izithasiselo nezithasiselo. Lokhu kokugcina, kuhlanganiswa noketshezi olusebenzayo, kuguqula amanzi abe yizinhlayiya ezincane kunazo zonke (ama-microns angu-20-35)-amabhola e-phosphorus, isulfure, i-calcium nezinye izakhi zamakhemikhali.
Isakhiwo samabhola sinamandla kakhulu: ukungena kuma-liners (ama-sliding bearings) we-camshaft ne-crankshaft, izinhlayiya "zidla" ensimbi, zibhubhise. Indaba ibhebhezelwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elakheka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, umshayeli uthola "iphupho elibi" - injini iqala ukungqongqoza. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa imoto kulesi simo, ngoba injini izogcina igibele: umnikazi ulindele ukulungiswa okubizayo.
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani i-antifreeze ingena enjinini. Umshayeli onekhono kufanele aziqonde futhi aqonde imiphumela.
Ukuvuza kwe-radiator yenjini
Iziteshi zesiqandisi zivaliwe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lokhu kuthuntubeza ukuqapha kwabanikazi, ngakho abaningi abakwazi ukuqonda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthi i-antifreeze ingena enjinini.
Izimpawu ezilandelayo kufanele zixwayise umshayeli:
- Izinga lokupholisa ithangi liyancipha, futhi umthamo wamafutha uyakhuphuka (umthetho we-physics).
- I-exhaust iba mhlophe, ihwamuke. Ebusika, lo mphumela ungabangelwa isithwathwa. Kodwa uma iphunga elithile lixutshwa namagesi akhipha umoya, lezi zimpawu zokuthi i-antifreeze iya enjinini.
- Umbala wamafutha uyashintsha: uba mnyama kakhulu noma ucishe ube mhlophe
- Ama-Spark plugs aba manzi, kuyilapho enuka i-antifreeze.
- Kusukela ekuxubeni kwemikhiqizo ngaphansi kwentamo yokugcwalisa uwoyela, kwakhiwa i-emulsion, ebese ihlala ngendlela yediphozithi engancibiliki ezindongeni zamapayipi kawoyela bese ivala izihlungi.
Isizathu esivamile sokuvuza kwe-antifreeze yi-depressurization ye-radiator - isishintshi sokushisa, esiqukethe amaseli amaningi.
I-node ilimele uma:
- itshe liwela kulo livela ngaphansi kwamasondo;
- sekuvele ukugqwala;
- kugqwalile kusuka ngaphakathi kwe-ethylene glycol equkethwe ku-antifreeze.
Amamodeli epulasitiki ezinye izimoto ezihlanganiswa nawo avame ukuqhekeka. Ungabona ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-streaks ku-radiator wezindlu noma ama-puddles ngaphansi kwemoto.
"Ukwelashwa" kungokulandelayo: susa isishintshi sokushisa, usithengise noma usishise nge-TIG welding.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-radiator noma umpompi wesitofu
I-radiator yesitofu sangaphakathi ingahluleka. Inkinga iba sobala lapho iwindshield inkungu, umswakama uqoqana ngaphansi komata wabagibeli bangaphambili. Xazulula udaba ngendlela efanayo ne-radiator eyinhloko.
I-antifreeze engekho
Amaconsi e-antifreeze angase avele kumpompi wesitofu - ingxenye ayilungiseki, ngakho-ke yishintshe ngokuphelele. Konke kulula uma kuvela ukuthi i-gasket efakwe phakathi kompompi kanye nedivayisi yokupholisa ye-antifreeze: faka into entsha esetshenziswayo.
Amaphutha kumapayipi, imibhobho namashubhu
Isistimu yokupholisa (i-OS) yezimoto igcwele imikhono yenjoloba namashubhu ensimbi axhuma izingxenye zomshini. Lezi zakhi zithola imithwalo evela ezindaweni zamakhemikhali, imiphumela yezinga lokushisa. Amapayipi enjoloba aqale aqhekeke, bese eqhuma ngaphansi kwengcindezi yoketshezi olusebenzayo. Izingxenye zensimbi zivame ukugqwala.
Akusizi ukulungisa izakhi zokuxhuma: ama-patches ahlukahlukene kanye nama-windings yizinyathelo zesikhashana. Kungcono shintsha amashaneli avuzayo. Sebenzisa ngenjini ebandayo ukuze ugweme ukushiswa isitimu. Khipha lonke uketshezi: luzofika luwusizo ukuze lusetshenziswe kamuva.
Ividiyo yokuthi ungakhipha kanjani isipholile emotweni yakwaFord Mondeo:
Ukuhluleka kwepompo
Uma izimpawu zibonisa ukuthi i-antifreeze iya enjinini, hlola ama-seal epompo yamanzi atholakala ngaphansi kweyunithi yamandla. Ama-gaskets nama-seal aguga ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.
Qalisa ukuxilongwa kwephampu. Uma uthola amaconsi esiqandisini kuso noma injini emanzi lapho kuhlangana khona iphampu, thatha izinyathelo zokubuyisela uphawu: phatha i-gasket nge-sealant, buyisela uphawu lwamafutha.
I-Thermostat
Ngaphakathi kwalo mhlangano kune-valve evula futhi ivaleke ezingeni lokushisa elithile, elawula ukugeleza kwesipholile. Susa i-depressurization kanye nanoma yimuphi omunye umonakalo emhlanganweni ngokufaka ingxenye.
Ukukhubazeka kwethangi lokunweba
Le ngxenye yesistimu yokupholisa yenziwe nge-PVC eqinile, ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Akuvamile, kodwa okokusebenza kuyaqhuma noma kuhlikihle kuzingxenye eziseduze nezingxenye.
I-antifreeze iyavuza
Izindonga zethangi zilula ukudayiswa, okungeke kwenziwe nge-tank cap: i-valve ifakwe kumshini wokukhiya, obhekene nokushoda nokucindezela ngokweqile koketshezi olusebenzayo olujikelezayo ku-OS. Lapho i-valve ihluleka, isiqandisisi sizophuma. Shintsha ikhava.
Indlela yokuthola ukuvuza kwe-antifreeze
Kunezindawo eziningi zokuvuza kwe-antifreeze ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lomshini. Nokho, akunzima ukubona izimpawu uma isipholile singena enjinini.
Ukuhlolwa okubonwayo kwamapayipi nezinsimbi
Zihlomise ngesibuko ukuze uhlole wonke ama-nooks nama-crannies afihliwe ngaphansi kwe-hood nangaphansi kwemoto, futhi uqale ukuhlola izakhi zokuxhuma, kanye nezinsimbi zokubopha, ngokulandelana. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zokugcina ziphumula, futhi uketshezi olusebenzayo lugijima luphume: inkinga ixazululwa ngokuqinisa ama-clamps. Angasetshenziswa, anemifantu, amapayipi amagatsha kufanele ashintshwe kufakwe izingxenye ezisele ezintsha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwekhadibhodi
"Izinkomba" ezinhle kakhulu zizosebenza njengephepha eliwugqinsi noma amakhadibhodi. Izinto ezithuthukisiwe zizosiza ukubona ngisho nokuvuza okupholile okuncane: zibeke phansi ngaphansi kwemoto, shiya imoto ubusuku bonke.
Ukuhlola ithangi lokunweba
Hlola ubuqotho bethangi lokunweba usebenzisa enye yezindlela ezilula eziphakanyisiwe:
- Sula ithangi lome. Qala futhi ufudumale injini, qiniseka ukuthi awekho ama-drip ngaphandle.
- Susa isitsha, khipha i-antifreeze. Dala ingcindezi ye-atmosphere engu-1 nge-compressor yemoto ngaphakathi kwethangi. Bheka ku-manometer ukuthi ingcindezi iyehla noma cha.
- Ngaphandle kokukhipha ithangi lokunweba, cindezela lonke uhlelo ngepompo. Indawo yokungcebeleka kugeji yokucindezela: uma inkomba iqala ukuwa, bheka igebe lapho kuhlangana khona izingxenye. Mhlawumbe kube nokuqhekeka kwesinye sezici zesistimu.
Indlela yokugcina iyona ephumelela kakhulu.
Ikhava Ukuxilongwa
Thola i-valve yekhava elawula ukugeleza kwesiqandisi ngale ndlela: qhaqha ingxenye, yinyakazise, ulalele. Uma uzwa ukuchofoza kwezici, akukho okumele ukhathazeke ngakho. Uma kungenjalo, zama ukugeza ingxenye. Akuphumelelanga - buyisela ingxenye eyisipele.
Ukuvuza kwe-antifreeze ngaphandle kwama-smudges abonakalayo
Izimo ezinzima kakhulu lapho kungekho zimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuvuza koketshezi olusebenzayo, futhi izimpawu zibonisa: i-antifreeze ingena enjinini. Okokuqala, i-gasket, efakwe endaweni yokuxhumana phakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye ne-block ngokwayo, iwela ngaphansi kokusola.
I-antifreeze evuzayo
Isigxivizo siyaguga noma sishise ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu. Ungakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni i-gasket ngokwakho (kuzodingeka ukhulule ikhanda) noma enkonzweni.
Kodwa iphutha lingalala phezu kwekhanda le-cylinder ngokwayo ngendlela yokungalingani kwengxenye eyisicaba lapho ikhanda licindezelwa khona ngokumelene ne-block. Umbusi olula uzosiza ekuboneni iphutha: linamathisele ngomphetho ekhanda, futhi isici sizokwambulwa. Kulokhu, i-node igxiliwe emshinini okhethekile.
Ukuqhekeka kwezindlu ze-cylinder block kuyinkathazo enkulu. Lapha insindiso kuphela ukushintshwa kwe-block.
Ungayivimba kanjani inkinga
Ngokuhlola okubonwayo, bheka izimpawu bese ubheka izizathu zokuthi kungani kuvuza i-antifreeze. Thola amaphuzu e-depressurization emalungeni nasekuxhumekeni kwesistimu yokupholisa, susa amaphutha kanye nezikhala.
Hlola izinga likawoyela kanye nekhwalithi. Uma i-antifreeze ixubene ne-lubricant ye-motor, ivolumu yakamuva izoba ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, futhi ku-dipstick uzothola into emhlophe - i-emulsion. Khipha ama-spark plugs ngezikhathi ezithile: izingxenye ezimanzi ezikhipha iphunga elithile zizobonisa ukuvuza kwesiqandisi.
Kuvidiyo: i-antifreeze iya kuphi emotweni ye-Niva Chevrolet:
