Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter yamadummies

Izimoto zesimanje azikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-elekthronikhi; ngaphezu kwalokho, zimane zigcwele amasekethe kagesi namadivayisi. Ukuze uhlolisise ngokushesha ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasekethe kagesi wemoto, uzodinga okungenani ithuluzi elinjenge-multimeter.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ukuguqulwa okuvame kakhulu futhi sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokusebenzisa i-multimeter yama-dummies, i.e. kulabo abangakaze baphathe le divayisi ezandleni zabo, kodwa bangathanda ukufunda.

Ividiyo ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter

I-multimeter. Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter. Umhloli. Qedela imiyalo yokuthi ungamsebenzisa kanjani umhloli.

Izixhumi eziyinhloko nemisebenzi ye-multimeter

Ukuze sikuqonde kangcono okusengcupheni, sizonikeza isithombe esibonakalayo se-multimeter futhi sihlaziye izindlela nezixhumi.

Ake siqale ngezixhumi lapho singaxhuma khona izintambo. Ucingo olumnyama luxhunywe kusixhumi esibizwa nge-COM (COMMON, okusho ukuthi kuvamile ekuhumusheni). Ucingo olumnyama luhlala luxhunywe kulesi sixhumi kuphela, ngokungafani naleso esibomvu, esimweni esiningi esinezixhumi ezi-2 zokuxhuma:

• Isixhumi se-VRmA - esisetshenziselwa ukukala i-voltage, ukumelana nemisinga engaphezu kuka-10 A (Amps);
• isixhumi 10A - sisetshenziselwa ukukala ama-currents afika ku-10 A.

Imisebenzi nobubanzi be-multimeter

Emaceleni okukhomba okuphakathi, ungabona amabanga ahlukaniswe ngezinhlaka ezimhlophe, ake sihlukanise ngamunye wabo:

• I-DCV - (DC - yamanje eqondile, V - voltage) isebenzisa lolu hlu, i-DC voltage iyalinganiswa. Ama-volts nama-millivolts aboniswa esikalini;
• I-ACV - (AC - alternating current, V - voltage) I-AC voltage ilinganiswa ngokufanele;
• I-DCA - (DC - yamanje eqondile, A - Amps) isilinganiso samanje esiqondile (ububanzi obusuka ku-200 microamp kuya ku-200 milliamp buboniswa kudivayisi);
• I-10A - uhla oluhlukile lokulinganisa lwamanje olukhudlwana oluqondile, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukuhlela kabusha ucingo olubomvu kusixhumi esiphezulu;
•  I-hFE - imodi yokuhlola ye-transistor;
• I-Omega - ububanzi bokulinganisa ukumelana.

Isilinganiso sevolthi yebhethri DC

Ake sinikeze isibonelo esibonisa ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter, okungukuthi, ukukala i-DC voltage yebhethri ejwayelekile.

Njengoba ekuqaleni sazi ukuthi i-DC voltage ebhethri icishe ibe yi-1,5 V, singasetha masinyane inkinobho ibe ngu-20 V.

Kubalulekile! Uma ungawazi amandla we-DC entweni elinganisiwe noma kudivayisi, khona-ke kufanele uhlale usetha iswishi kunani eliphakeme lobubanzi obufunayo bese ulwehlisa lapho kudingeka ukuze wehlise iphutha.

Sivule imodi oyifunayo, siya ngqo esilinganisweni, sebenzisa i-probe ebomvu ohlangothini oluhle lwebhethri, bese uphenyo olumnyama lube ohlangothini olubi - sibheka umphumela esikrinini (kufanele sibonise umphumela we-1,4- 1,6 V, kuye ngesimo sebhethri).

Izici zokulinganisa i-AC voltage

Ake sihlolisise ukuthi yini okudingeka uyinake uma ulinganisa amandla we-AC.

Ngaphambi komsebenzi, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukuthi yiziphi izintambo ezifakiwe kuzo, ngoba uma, lapho ulinganisa i-AC, ucingo olubomvu lufakwa kusixhumi sokulinganisa samanje (10 A connector), kuzokwenzeka isifunda esifushane, esingathandeki neze.

Futhi, uma kwenzeka ungalazi ibanga lamandla kagesi we-AC, bese uguqula iswishi iye endaweni ephezulu.

Isibonelo, endaweni yasekhaya, siyazi ukuthi i-voltage kumasokhethi nemishini kagesi icishe ibe yi-220 V, ngokulandelana, idivayisi ingasethwa ngokuphepha ibe ngu-500 V kusuka kubanga le-ACV.

Ungalinganisa kanjani ukuvuza kwamanje emotweni nge-multimeter

Ake sibheke ukuthi singalinganisa kanjani ukuvuza okukhona emotweni usebenzisa i-multimeter. Nqamula yonke i-elekthronikhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi bese ususa ukhiye kuswishi yokuthungela. Okulandelayo, udinga ukulahla ukuphela okungalungile kusuka kubhethri (shiya i-terminal enhle ingashintshiwe). Sibeka i-multimeter kumodi yokulinganisa i-current eqondile ka-10 A. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlela kabusha ucingo olubomvu kusixhumi esihambelanayo (esingenhla, esihambisana no-10 A). Sixhuma i-probe eyodwa esigungwini esisentambo engaxhunyiwe, bese kuthi eyesibili iqonde ngqo kokubi kwebhethri.

Ngemuva kokulinda kancane ukuthi amanani ayeke ukweqa, uzobona ukuvuza okudingakalayo emotweni yakho.

Iyini inani lokuvuza elamukelekayo

• Inani eliphansi elamukelekayo lingu-15 mA;
• Inani eliphakeme lamanje lokuvuza emotweni yi-70 mA.

Uma inani lakho eliphakeme lidluliwe, kuzodingeka uye ekusesheni ukuvuza. Noma yimaphi amadivayisi kagesi emotweni angadala ukuvuza.

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokusesha ukukhipha amafuse ngokushintshana bese uhlola amanani okuvuza. Uma ukhiphe i-fuse kanye nenani lokuvuza kudivayisi alishintshile, khona-ke konke kuhamba kahle ngedivayisi le fuse enesibopho sayo. Futhi uma, ngemva kokususwa, inani laqala ukweqa, khona-ke kukhona okungalungile ngedivayisi ehambisanayo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Indlela yokulinganisa i-voltage nge-multimeter? Imodi yokulinganisa i-voltage isethiwe, ibeka umkhawulo wokulinganisa omkhulu (ezimotweni, le nkomba ingu-20V), futhi kuyadingeka ukukhetha imodi yokulinganisa ye-DC.

I-Continuity isebenza kanjani ku-Multimeter? I-multimeter inomthombo wamandla ngamunye (isikrini sinikwa amandla yibhethri). Esigabeni esihloliwe se-wiring, i-current yenani elincane liyadalwa futhi amakhefu ayarekhodwa (ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-probes kuvaliwe noma cha).