Indlela yokunquma isilinganiso sokucindezela

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha injini entsha futhi udinga imethrikhi, noma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi imoto yakho iyonga kangakanani uphethiloli, kufanele ukwazi ukubala isilinganiso sokuminyanisa kwenjini. Kunezibalo ezimbalwa ezidingekayo ukuze ubale isilinganiso sokucindezela uma ukwenza mathupha. Zingase zibonakale ziyinkimbinkimbi ekuqaleni, kodwa empeleni ziyi-geometry eyisisekelo.

Isilinganiso sokucindezela kwenjini sikala izinto ezimbili: isilinganiso senani legesi kusilinda lapho ipiston ingaphezulu kwe-stroke (top dead center, noma i-TDC), uma kuqhathaniswa nenani legesi lapho ipiston iphansi. . isifo sohlangothi (isikhungo esiphansi esifile, noma i-BDC). Kalula nje, isilinganiso sokuminyanisa isilinganiso segesi ecindezelwe negesi engacindezelwanga, noma ukuthi ingxube yomoya negesi ifakwa kuqine kangakanani egumbini elivuthayo ngaphambi kokuba lishiswe yi-spark plug. Uma le ngxube ilingana, ivutha kangcono futhi amandla engeziwe aguqulwa abe amandla enjini.

Kunezindlela ezimbili ongazisebenzisa ukubala isilinganiso sokucindezela kwenjini. Eyokuqala inguqulo yesandla, edinga ukuthi wenze zonke izibalo ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, kanti eyesibili—futhi mhlawumbe evame kakhulu—idinga igeji yokucindezela ukuze ifakwe kukhatriji yepulaki yenhlansi engenalutho.

Indlela 1 kwezingu-2: Kala isilinganiso sokuminyanisa mathupha

Le ndlela idinga izilinganiso ezinembe kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba namathuluzi anembe kakhulu, injini ehlanzekile, futhi uhlole umsebenzi wakho kabili noma kathathu. Le ndlela ilungele labo abakha injini futhi abanamathuluzi esandleni, noma labo asebeyichithile injini. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, kuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuqaqa injini. Uma unenjini ehlanganisiwe, skrolela phansi bese usebenzisa indlela yesi-2 kwezingu-2.

Izinto ezidingekayo

• I-Nutrometer
• I-Calculator
• I-Degreaser ne-rag ehlanzekile (uma kunesidingo)
• Imanuwali yomkhiqizi (noma imanuwali yomnikazi wemoto)
• i-micrometer
• Inothiphedi, ipeni nephepha
• irula noma itheyiphu yokukala (kufanele inembile kakhulu kumilimitha)

Isinyathelo 1: Hlanza injini Hlanza kahle amasilinda enjini namapistoni nge-degreaser kanye neragi ehlanzekile.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Thola usayizi wembobo. I-bore gauge enesilinganiso isetshenziselwa ukukala ububanzi bembobo noma, kulokhu, isilinda. Okokuqala thola ubukhulu bobubanzi besilinda bese ulinganisa ngegeji ebhorekile usebenzisa i-micrometer. Faka igeji yokucindezela kusilinda bese ukala ububanzi bebhore izikhathi ezimbalwa ezindaweni ezihlukene ngaphakathi kwesilinda bese urekhoda izilinganiso. Hlanganisa izilinganiso zakho bese uhlukanisa ngokuthi zingaki ozithathile (imvamisa ezintathu noma ezine zanele) ukuze uthole ububanzi obumaphakathi. Hlukanisa lesi silinganiso ngo-2 ukuze uthole irediyasi yembobo emaphakathi.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Bala usayizi wesilinda. Usebenzisa irula enembile noma isilinganiso setheyiphu, kala ubude besilinda. Linganisa ukusuka phansi kuya phezulu, uqinisekise ukuthi irula iqondile. Le nombolo ibala i-stroke, noma indawo, i-piston ehamba ngayo phezulu noma phansi kusilinda kanye. Sebenzisa le fomula ukubala ivolumu yesilinda: V = π r² h

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Thola ivolumu yegumbi elivuthayo. Thola ivolumu yegumbi lomlilo kubhukwana lomnikazi wemoto yakho. Ivolumu yegumbi elivuthayo ikalwa ngama-cubic centimeters (CC) futhi ikhombisa ukuthi ingakanani into edingekayo ukugcwalisa ukuvuleka kwegumbi elivuthayo. Uma wakha injini, bheka imanuwali yomkhiqizi. Uma kungenjalo, bheka imanuwali yomnikazi wemoto.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Thola Ukuphakama Kwe-Compression of the Piston. Thola ukuphakama kokuminyanisa kwepiston kumanuwali. Lesi silinganiso yibanga eliphakathi komugqa omaphakathi wembobo yephini nangaphezulu kwepiston.

Isinyathelo sesi-6: Kala ivolumu yepiston. Futhi kubhukwana, thola ivolumu ye-dome noma yekhanda le-piston, elilinganiswa ngamasentimitha angama-cubic. Iphiston elinenani eliphozithivu le-CC lihlale libizwa ngokuthi “idomu” ngaphezu kobude bokucindezela bephistoni, kuyilapho “i-poppet” iyinani elingalungile lokulandisa ngamaphakethe amavalvu. Ngokuvamile ipiston inakho kokubili idome kanye ne-poppet, futhi ivolumu yokugcina iyisamba sayo yomibili imisebenzi (idome susa i-poppet).

Isinyathelo sesi-7: Thola igebe phakathi kwepiston nedekhi. Bala inani lemvume phakathi kwepiston nedekhi usebenzisa lesi sibalo esilandelayo: (Bore [isilinganiso esisuka esinyathelweni 2] + Bore diameter × 0.7854 [isikhathi esishintsha yonke into ibe amayintshi ayi-cubic] × ibanga phakathi kwepiston nedekhi esikhungweni esiphezulu esifile [TDC] ).

Isinyathelo sesi-8: Nquma Ivolumu Yephedi. Linganisa ubukhulu nobubanzi be-cylinder head gasket ukuze uthole ivolumu ye-gasket. Yenza lokhu ngendlela efanayo njengoba wenze igebe ledekhi (isinyathelo sesi-7): (imbobo [isilinganiso esisuka kusinyathelo 8] + ububanzi bembobo × 0.7854 × ubukhulu be-gasket).

Isinyathelo sesi-9: Bala isilinganiso sokuminyanisa. Bala isilinganiso sokuminyanisa ngokuxazulula le zibalo:

Uma uthola inombolo, ithi 8.75, isilinganiso sakho sokucindezela sizoba ngu-8.75:1.

• ImisebenziIMP: Uma ungafuni ukuzitholela izinombolo ngokwakho, kunezibali ezimbalwa ze-online compression ratio calculator ezizokusebenzela; Chofoza lapha.

Indlela yesi-2 koku-2: sebenzisa igeji yokucindezela

Le ndlela ilungele labo abanenjini eyakhelwe futhi abafuna ukuhlola ukucindezelwa kwemoto ngama-spark plugs. Uzodinga usizo lomngane.

Izinto ezidingekayo

• ingcindezi yokulinganisa
• Spark ipulaki isikrufu
• Amagilavu ​​okusebenza

Isinyathelo 1: Shisisa injini. Qalisa injini ize ifudumale ifike ezingeni lokushisa elijwayelekile. Awufuni ukwenza lokhu uma injini ibanda ngoba ngeke uthole ukufundwa okunembile.

Isinyathelo 2: Susa ama-spark plugs. Vala ukuthungela ngokuphelele futhi unqamule elinye lamapulaki ezinhlansi kukhebula elixhuma kumsabalalisi. Susa ipulaki ye-spark.

• Imisebenzi Uma ama-spark plugs akho engcolile, ungasebenzisa lokhu njengethuba lokuwahlanza.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Faka igeji yokucindezela. Faka ichopho legeji yokucindezela embobeni lapho ipulaki yenhlansi yayinamathiselwe khona. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-nozzle ifakwe ngokugcwele ekamelweni.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Hlola isilinda. Ngenkathi ubambe igeji, cela umngane ukuthi aqale injini futhi asheshise imoto cishe imizuzwana emihlanu ukuze ukwazi ukufunda okulungile. Vala injini, khipha ithiphu yegeji bese ufaka kabusha ipulaki ye-spark ngetorque elungile njengoba kuqondiswe kumanuwali. Phinda lezi zinyathelo uze uhlole isilinda ngasinye.

Isinyathelo sesi-5: Yenza ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi. Isilinda ngasinye kufanele sibe nokucindezela okufanayo futhi kufanele sihambisane nenombolo ekubhukwana.

Isinyathelo sesi-6: Bala i-PSI kuya ku-Compression Ratio. Bala isilinganiso se-PSI ukuya kusilinganiso sokuminyanisa. Isibonelo, uma unegeji yokufunda engaba ngu-15 futhi isilinganiso sokuminyanisa kufanele sibe ngu-10:1, i-PSI yakho kufanele ibe ngu-150, noma u-15x10/1.