Indlela yokunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-antifreeze egcwele emotweni
Okuqukethwe
Ukuze uqonde lapho uthenga imoto entsha, lapho i-antifreeze igcwaliswa khona, imithethonqubo yomkhiqizi izosiza. Imanuwali yokufundisa iqukethe izici zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, izinhlobo zoketshezi olufanele lwezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuzinza kwenjini kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-cooler, ngakho umnikazi udinga ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-antifreeze egcwala emotweni ngaphambi kokuba ishaye umgwaqo. Izinkinga ezingaphezu kuka-20% zezimoto zihlobene nezinkinga ohlelweni lokupholisa, yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isiqandisi esifanele.
Umehluko omkhulu
Ama-coolants athululelwa ukususa ukushisa okweqile kuyunithi yamandla abizwa ngokuthi "i-antifreeze". I-TOSOL isifinyezo se-Coolant (TOS - Organic Synthesis Technology) esakhiwe ngesikhathi seSoviet. Igama laba igama lasekhaya, njengoba kwakungekho ukuncintisana okunempilo e-USSR.
Umehluko omkhulu ukubunjwa:
- i-antifreeze iqukethe amanzi ne-ethylene glycol, usawoti we-inorganic acid;
- i-antifreeze iqukethe i-distillate, i-C2H6O2, kodwa ayiqukethe ama-phosphates, ama-nitrate nama-silicates. Kuhlanganisa i-glycerin kanye notshwala bezimboni, usawoti ophilayo;
- umkhiqizo wamaSoviet kufanele ushintshwe njalo ngezinkulungwane ezingama-40-50 km, izingoma zesimanje - ngemuva kwezinkulungwane ezingama-200.
I-antifreeze ivamise ukuba nendawo yokubilisa ephezulu (105°C) kunezinye iziqandisi (cishe u-115°C), kodwa ayinazo izinto zokuthambisa kanye nezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala ezivikela ukugqwala futhi andise ukuphila kwenjini. Futhi banamaphuzu okuqandisa ahlukene.
Ukugcwalisa uketshezi emotweni
Kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-antifreeze egcwele emotweni, ngoba ochwepheshe abancomi ukuxuba imikhiqizo ehlukene. Ukusebenzisana kwezinto ezikhona akubikezeleki, kwezinye izimo kungase kuthinte kabi isimo sesistimu yokupholisa imoto.
Imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene ingase yehluke ngefomula, ukwakheka kanye nenani lezithasiselo ezisetshenziswayo. Isiqandisi esakhiwe e-USSR sinconywa ukuba sigcwaliswe kuphela ezimotweni zasekhaya.
I-Antifreeze noma i-antifreeze: indlela yokunquma ukuthi yini ethelwa ohlelweni lokupholisa imoto
Kunenganekwane yokuthi uhlobo loketshezi olusetshenziswayo lungabhekwa ngokunambitha ukunambitheka kwalo. Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa le ndlela: amakhemikhali emikhiqizweni yezobuchwepheshe anobuthi emzimbeni womuntu. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ethelwa ethangini lokunweba - i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze - izovela ngombala. Abakhiqizi bakhiqiza uketshezi oluluhlaza, oluphuzi, oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma olubomvu oluhlukene ngokwenhloso nokwakheka.
Kukhona ezinye izindlela zokuthola ukuthi iyiphi i-antifreeze egcwele emotweni:
- i-antifreeze ingaphansi kwekhwalithi kumikhiqizo yesimanje yabakhiqizi bangaphandle. Ukumelana nokubanda kubonisa ngokusobala lokhu. Inani elincane loketshezi, elithululelwe ebhodleleni, lingashiywa efrijini, uma isiqandisisi siphenduke iqhwa, kulula ukuphetha ngokuthi hlobo luni lwento;
- ukuthola ukuthi yini ethelwa ethangini lokwandisa - i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze - umuzwa wokuhogela nokuthinta kuzosiza. Ukwakheka kwendabuko akunuki, kepha kuzwakala kunamafutha uma uthintwa. Uketshezi lwasekhaya alushiyi umuzwa onjalo eminweni;
- uma upompa into epholile kancane ethangini lokunweba ngesirinji, ungathola ukuthi i-antifreeze igcwaliswa ngamuphi umbala, uhlobo lwayo nokuthi ihambisana kangakanani namanzi ompompi. Isiqandisi sifakwa kuqala esitsheni, bese sidonsa amanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 1. Ingxube kufanele ishiywe ihora. Uma kukhona imvula, i-turbidity, i-tint ensundu noma i-delamination, une-antifreeze yaseRussia phambi kwakho. Imikhiqizo yangaphandle ngokuvamile ayishintshi;
- Ubuningi bokubunjwa bukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi iyiphi i-antifreeze egcwele emotweni. I-hydrometer isiza ukucacisa leli phuzu. Okusebenzisekayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kuhambelana no-1.073-1.079 g/cm3.
I-Antifreeze yakha ifilimu enamafutha abonakalayo kunoma yiziphi izakhi, futhi ama-antifreeze ekhwalithi ephezulu avikela izingxenye zezimoto kuphela ezingaphansi kokugqwala, ngoba ucezu lwerabha luzohlala lungenasendlalelo esivikelayo.
Yikuphi okungcono ukusebenzisa
Ukukhetha ukwakheka kwesiqandisi, kufanele unake uhlelo lokupholisa imoto. Izimboni ezikhiqiza izimoto zingasebenzisa izinto ezahlukene: ithusi, ithusi, i-aluminium, ama-alloys. Njengoba ukwazile ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi i-antifreeze egcwele emotweni, umnikazi kufanele agcwalise uhlobo olulodwa lwento esikhathini esizayo. Umkhiqizo kufanele uhambisane ne-radiator kanye nezinto owenziwe ngazo:
- i-coolant eluhlaza ithululelwa kulezo ezenziwe nge-aluminium noma ama-alloys ayo;
- ama-red compounds asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezenziwe ngethusi nethusi;
- I-antifreeze inconywa ukuthi isetshenziswe ezinjini ze-cast-iron zemboni yezimoto yasekhaya yakudala - i-VAZ, i-Niva.
Ukuze uqonde lapho uthenga imoto entsha, lapho i-antifreeze igcwaliswa khona, imithethonqubo yomkhiqizi izosiza. Imanuwali yokufundisa iqukethe izici zezinto ezisetshenziswayo, izinhlobo zoketshezi olufanele lwezobuchwepheshe.
Kungenzeka yini ukuxuba ama-cooler ahlukene
Akwanele ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-antifreeze olugcwele emotweni, udinga ukusebenzisa ulwazi olutholiwe ngokuhlakanipha. Ukuze imoto isebenze kahle, isiqandisi asikwazi ukuqukatha ukungcola kwemishini. Ngokubukeka, uketshezi kufanele kube homogeneous futhi obala.
Izinto ezipholisa amanzi zamaminerali nezokwenziwa, uma zixutshwe, zakha i-turbidity (ngenxa yokusabela kwamakhemikhali), okuzogcina zonakalisa i-radiator, futhi kungaholela nasekubilisweni kweyunithi yamandla kanye nokuhluleka kwephampu. Lapho uthela imikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene, ngisho naleyo yohlobo olufanayo, izithasiselo eziqukethwe ekubunjweni zingase zihlanganyele, kubangele ukuvela kwemvula.
Ingabe i-antifreeze ingaxubeka
Kubalulekile futhi ukunquma ukuthi i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze igcwele izikhukhula, ngoba uma uketshezi lwezobuchwepheshe luxubene ngephutha, izinga lokushisa lapho ukubilisa kuqala lizoshintsha, yingakho ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kuhamba ngokushesha. Ingxube enjalo ngeke ikwazi ukupholisa ngokuphumelelayo, okuzoholela ekungasebenzi kahle.
Uma ungakwazi ukuzitholela ngokwakho ukuthi hlobo luni lwesiqandisi okufanele lwengezwe ku-BMW, i-Kia Rio noma i-Sid, i-Kalina, i-Nissan Classic, i-Chevrolet, i-Hyundai Solaris noma i-Getz, i-Mazda, i-Renault Logan, ungabuka amavidiyo ezinkundleni zezimoto. noma i-YouTube mahhala, funda ukubuyekezwa komnikazi. Ngakho-ke kuzovela ukuthi ukhethe ukwakheka okuthile kwemoto yakho.
