Ibhethri lingahlala isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle kokushajwa kabusha

Izimoto zesimanje azikwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kukagesi, ngisho noma uphethiloli uwuphethroli noma udizili. Ekuphishekeleni ukusebenza kahle, ukusetshenziswa kalula kanye nokusebenza kahle kwenjini, ukuklama kwemoto, ngisho neyodwa elula, ithole inani elikhulu lezinto zikagesi, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwayo akunakwenzeka.

Izici ezijwayelekile zebhethri lemoto

Uma ungangeni ezicashile nasezimweni ezikhethekile, ngokuvamile kuba nebhethri elishajekayo ezimotweni elinika amandla konke ukugxusha kagesi. Lokhu akukona nje kuphela ngamadivaysi aqondakala kuwo wonke umuntu - i-tape rekhoda yomsakazo, izibani, ikhompyutha esebhodini, kodwa futhi, isibonelo, iphampu yamafutha, i-injector ngaphandle kokusebenza okungenakwenzeka ukunyakaza.

Ibhethri lishajwa ekuhambeni ukusuka ku-generator, imodi yokushaja ezimotweni zesimanje ilawulwa nge-elekthronikhi.

Kunezici eziningi zebhethri, kusukela kuzici zokuklama, ubukhulu, isimiso sokusebenza, kuya kwezithize, isibonelo, ukuskrola okubandayo kwamanje, amandla e-electromotive, ukumelana kwangaphakathi.

Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kufanelekile ukugxila ezintweni ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo.

• Amandla. Ngokwesilinganiso, amabhethri anomthamo we-55-75 Ah afakwe emotweni yesimanje yabagibeli.
• Ukuphila konke. Kuya ngokuthi izinkomba zomthamo webhethri zisondele kangakanani kulezo ezikhonjwe kulebula. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthamo webhethri uyancipha.
• Ukuzikhipha. Uma selishajiwe, ibhethri alihlali linjalo unomphela, izinga lokushaja liyehla ngenxa yezinqubo zamakhemikhali futhi ezimotweni zesimanje cishe lilinganiselwa ku-0,01Ah.
• Izinga lokushaja. Uma imoto iqalwe izikhathi eziningana zilandelana futhi i-generator ingasebenzanga isikhathi esanele, ibhethri ingase ingashajwa ngokugcwele, lesi sici kufanele sinakwe ekubaleni okulandelayo.

Impilo yebhethri

Impilo yebhethri izoncika kumthamo wayo nasekusetshenzisweni kwamanje. Ngokwenza, kunezimo ezimbili eziyinhloko.

Imoto endaweni yokupaka

Uhambile uye eholidini, kodwa kunengozi yokuthi lapho ufika injini ingaqali ngoba ibhethri alanele. Abathengi abakhulu bakagesi emotweni evaliwe yikhompiyutha esebhodini kanye nesistimu ye-alamu, kanti uma inkambi yokuphepha isebenzisa ukuxhumana kwesathelayithi, ukusetshenziswa kuyanda. Ungakwehlisi ukuzikhipha kwebhethri, kumabhethri amasha alisho lutho, kodwa liyakhula njengoba ibhethri liguga.

Ungabheka izinombolo ezilandelayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-elekthronikhi asebhodini kumodi yokulala kuyahlukahluka kusuka kumodeli yemoto kuya kumodeli yemoto, kodwa ngokuvamile kububanzi obusuka ku-20 kuya ku-50mA;
• I-alamu idla kusuka ku-30 ​​kuye ku-100mA;
• Ukuzikhipha 10 - 20 mA.

Imoto ihamba

Ungahamba kude kangakanani nge-generator engenzi lutho, kuphela ngokushaja kwebhethri, akuxhomekile kuphela kumodeli yemoto kanye nezici zabathengi bakagesi, kodwa futhi nezimo zethrafikhi kanye nesikhathi sosuku.

Ukusheshisa okubukhali kanye nokwehla kwejubane, ukusebenza ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ebusuku, kunezindleko ezengeziwe zezibani zangaphambili nokukhanyisa kwedeshibhodi.

Abathengi bamanje baphakade bayaqhubeka:

• Iphampu yamafutha - kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-5A;
• Umjovo (uma ukhona) - kusuka ku-2.5 kuya ku-5A;
• Ukushisa - kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-2A;
• Ideshibhodi kanye nekhompyutha esebhodini - kusuka ku-0.5 kuya ku-1A.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi namanje akuzona abathengi unomphela, ukusetshenziswa okungase kukhawulwe esimweni esiphuthumayo, kodwa ngeke kwenzeke ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwabo, isibonelo, abalandeli kusuka 3 kuya 6A, cruise control kusuka 0,5 kuya ku-1A, amalambu avela ku-7 kuya ku-15A, isitofu kusuka ku-14 kuya ku-30, njll.

Ngenxa yokuthi yimiphi imingcele, ungakwazi ukubala kalula impilo yebhethri ngaphandle kwejeneretha

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nezibalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela amaphuzu ambalwa abalulekile:

• Umthamo webhethri okhonjiswe kulebula uhambisana nokuphuma okuphelele kwebhethri; ezimeni ezingokoqobo, ukusebenza kwemishini namandla okuqalisa kuqinisekiswa kuphela ngokushajwa okungaba ngu-30% futhi kungabi ngaphansi.
• Uma ibhethri lingashajwa ngokugcwele, izinkomba zokusebenzisa ziyakhuphuka, lokhu kuzodinga ukulungiswa.

Manje singakwazi ukubala cishe isikhathi sokungenzi lutho ngemva kwalokho imoto izoqala.

Ake sithi sinebhethri engu-50Ah efakiwe. Ubuncane obuvunyelwe lapho ibhethri ingabhekwa ukuthi isebenza ngayo ngu-50 * 0.3 = 15Ah. Ngakho-ke, sinomthamo we-35Ah onawo. Ikhompuyutha esebhodini kanye ne-alamu kudla cishe u-100mA, ukuze kube lula ukubala sizothatha ngokuthi amandla azikhiphayo ayacatshangelwa kulesi sibalo. Ngakho-ke, imoto ingakwazi ukuma ingenzi lutho amahora angu-35/0,1=350, noma cishe izinsuku ezingu-14, futhi uma ibhethri isindala, lesi sikhathi sizokwehla.

Ungakwazi futhi ukulinganisa ibanga elingaqhutshwa ngaphandle kwejeneretha, kodwa cabangela abanye abathengi bamandla ekubalweni.

Ngebhethri engu-50Ah, lapho uhamba phakathi namahora okukhanya kwasemini ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amadivaysi angeziwe (i-air conditioning, ukushisa, njll.). Vumela abathengi abanomphela ohlwini olungenhla (ipompo, injector, ignition, ikhompyutha esebhodini) badle i-current ye-10A, kulokhu, impilo yebhethri = (50-50 * 0.3) / 10 = amahora angu-3.5. Uma uhamba ngesivinini esingama-60 km / h, ungashayela i-210 km, kodwa udinga ukucabangela ukuthi kufanele wehlise ijubane futhi usheshise, usebenzise amasignali aphendukayo, uphondo, mhlawumbe ama-wiper, ukuze uthembekile ekusebenzeni, ungabala ingxenye yesibalo esitholiwe.

Inothi elibalulekile: ukuqalisa injini kuhlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa okukhulu kukagesi, ngakho-ke, uma kufanele uhambe nge-generator engenzi lutho, ukuze ulondoloze amandla ebhethri ezitobhini, kungcono ukungacimi injini.