Zayiswa kanjani izimvu ekuhlatshweni...

Iyunithi yezingane zaseDenmark. Ngokwenganekwane, lesi sithombe sathathwa ekuseni ngo-April 9, 1940, futhi amasosha amabili awazange asinde ngalolo suku. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa ubude bengxabano kanye nekhwalithi yesithombe, inganekwane ayinakwenzeka.

Ngo-1939-1940, iJalimane yahlasela amazwe amaningana aseYurophu: iPoland, iDenmark, iNorway, iBelgium neNetherlands. Le mikhankaso yezempi yayibukeka kanjani: ukulungiselela kanye nenkambo, yimaphi amaphutha enziwayo, yaba yini imiphumela yawo?

IFrance neGreat Britain, noma kunalokho umbuso wayo wonke: ukusuka eCanada kuya eMbusweni waseTonga (kodwa ngaphandle kwe-Ireland), yamemezela impi eJalimane ngoSepthemba 1939. Ngakho-ke abazange - okungenani bangaqondile - izisulu zonya lwamaJalimane.

Ngo-1939-1940, amanye amazwe aseYurophu nawo aba into yochuku: Czechoslovakia, Albania, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Luxembourg. Phakathi kwabo, iFinland kuphela yanquma ukunikeza ukumelana nezikhali, izimpi ezincane nazo zenzeke e-Albania. Ngandlela-thile, "ngendlela", kokubili izifunda ezincane nezincane zazihlalwa: iMonaco, i-Andorra, i-Channel Islands, i-Faroe Islands.

Isipiliyoni seMpi Enkulu

Ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, iDenmark yasuka emandleni amancane yaya esimweni esingabalulekile. Imizamo yokubeka ukuphepha kwabo ezivumelwaneni ezihlangene - "inhlangano yokungathathi hlangothi kwezikhali", "umfelandawonye ongcwele" - ilethe ukulahlekelwa kwendawo kuphela. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, iDenmark yamemezela ukungathathi hlangothi, inomusa obala eJalimane, umakhelwane wayo onamandla kakhulu nozakwethu obaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo. Waze wamba imigodi yaseDenmark ukuze kube nzima ngemikhumbi yaseBrithani ukungena oLwandle iBaltic. Naphezu kwalokhu, iDenmark yaba ngumzuzi weSivumelwano SaseVersailles. Njengomphumela we-plebiscite, ingxenye esenyakatho yeSchleswig, isifundazwe esalahleka ngo-1864 futhi esinabantu abaningi baseDenmark, yahlanganiswa neDenmark. Enkabeni ye-Schleswig, imiphumela yokuvota yayingaphelele, ngakho-ke entwasahlobo ka-1920, iNkosi u-Christian X yayihlose ukwenza into efana ne-Third Silesian Uprising futhi ithathe lesi sifundazwe ngenkani. Ngeshwa, osopolitiki baseDenmark basebenzisa isinyathelo sobukhosi ukuze benze buthaka isikhundla sobukhosi, baphikisana, benganaki iqiniso lokuthi balahlekelwa ithuba lokubuyisela izindawo ezilahlekile. Ngendlela, balahlekelwa esinye isifundazwe - i-Iceland - okwathi, ngokusizakala kwenkinga yekhabhinethi, yakha uhulumeni wayo.

INorway yayiyizwe elinamandla afanayo okubalwa kwabantu. Ngo-1905, wanqamula ukuthembela kwakhe eSweden - uHaakon VII, umfowabo omncane kaChristian X, waba yinkosi. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iNorway yayingathathi hlangothi, kodwa - ngenxa yezithakazelo zayo zasolwandle - yayivumelana ne-Entente, ephethe izilwandle. . Izinkulungwane eziningana zamatilosi afela emikhunjini engama-847 ecwiliswe imikhumbi-ngwenya yaseJalimane yavusa inzondo yomphakathi maqondana namaJalimane.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iNetherlands - uMbuso WaseNetherlands - yayiyizwe elingathathi hlangothi. Kulapho, ezingqungqutheleni zaseThe Hague, lapho kwasungulwa khona izimiso zanamuhla zokungathathi hlangothi. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-1914, iHague yaba futhi isalokhu iyisikhungo somhlaba somthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1918, amaDashi ayengenalo uzwelo kumaNgisi: esikhathini esidlule ayelwa izimpi eziningi nawo futhi ewaphatha njengabahlaseli (ukucasuka kwavuselelwa yiMpi YamaBhunu yakamuva). ILondon (kanye neParis) yayiphinde ibe ngumvikeli weBelgium, izwe elakhiwe ngezindleko zoMbuso waseNetherlands. Phakathi nempi, isimo saba sibi kakhulu, ngoba abaseBrithani baphatha iNetherlands cishe ngokulingana neJalimane - bawuvimbezela, futhi ngo-March 1918 babamba yonke imikhumbi yabathengisi ngenkani. Ngo-XNUMX ubudlelwano baseBrithani namaDashi babushubile: amaDashi anika umbusi wangaphambili waseJalimane indawo yokukhosela, okwathi abaseBrithani - ngesikhathi sezingxoxo zokuthula zaseVersailles - bahlongoza "ukuchitshiyelwa komngcele". Ichweba laseBelgium i-Antwerp lahlukaniswa nolwandle uxhaxha lwamazwe namanzi amaDashi, ngakho kwadingeka kushintshwe lokhu. Ngenxa yalokho, amazwe aphikisanayo ahlala namaDashi, kodwa isivumelwano esihle sokubambisana sasayinwa neBelgium, ngokunciphisa ubukhosi baseNetherlands endaweni ephikisanayo.

Ukuba khona - nokungathathi hlangothi - koMbuso waseBelgium kwaqinisekiswa ngo-1839 amandla aseYurophu - kuhlanganisa. EFrance, ePrussia naseGreat Britain. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abaseBelgium abakwazanga ukwenza ubudlelwano nomakhelwane babo ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi - bebodwa - baba isisulu sobudlova baseJalimane ngo-1914. Lesi simo saziphindaphinda ngemva kwekota yekhulu leminyaka, kulokhu hhayi ngenxa yezibopho zamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa ngenxa yezinqumo ezingenangqondo zamaBelgium. Nakuba baphinde bathola inkululeko yabo ngo-1918 ngenxa yemizamo yeGreat Britain neFrance, emashumini amabili eminyaka ngemva kwempi benza konke ukuze baxege ubuhlobo babo nalamazwe. Ekugcineni, baphumelela, abakukhokhela ngokulahlekelwa empini neJalimane ngo-1940.