Junkers Ju 88. Eastern Front 1941 part 9

I-Junkers Ju 88 A-5, 9K+FA ne-Stab KG 51 ngaphambi komkhankaso wokulwa. Izimpawu zempumelelo ekhanda ziyaphawuleka.

Ekuseni ngovivi ngo-June 22, 1941, kwaqala impi yamaJalimane namaSoviet. Nge-Operation Barbarossa, amaJalimane ahlanganisa izindiza ezingu-2995 emngceleni neSoviet Union, ezingu-2255 zazo ezazilungele ukulwa. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yazo, ingqikithi yezindiza ezingama-927 (kuhlanganise nezingu-702 ezikwazi ukusetshenzwa), bekungamabhomu e-Dornier Do 17 Z (133/65) 1, Heinkel He 111 H (280/215) kanye nama-Junkers Ju 88 A (514/422). ) amabhomu.

Izindiza zeLuftwaffe ezihloselwe ukusekela i-Operation Barbarossa zabelwa izindiza ezintathu zezindiza (Luftflotten). Njengengxenye ye-Luftflotte 1, esebenza engxenyeni esenyakatho ye-front, wonke amabutho amabhomu ayehlanganisa i-9 squadrons (Gruppen), ifakwe indiza ye-Ju 88: II./KG 1 (29/27), III./KG 1 (30 /29), kanye ./KG 76 (30/22), II./KG 76 (30/25), III./KG 76 (29/22), I./KG 77 (30/23), II. /KG 76 (29/20), III./KG 76 (31/23) kanye no-KGr. 806 (30/18) ngesamba sezimoto ezingama-271/211.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-Ju 88 A-5 ye-III./KG 51 phakathi nomsebenzi wokulwa.

I-Luftflotte 2, esebenza engxenyeni ephakathi nendawo yangaphambili, yayihlanganisa amaqembu amabili kuphela ahlome indiza ye-Ju 88: ingqikithi ye-I./KG 3 (41/32) kanye ne-II./KG 3 (38/32) kanye ne-Stab emibili Izindiza ze-KG 3, lezi kwakuyizimoto ezingama-81/66. Isebenza eningizimu, iLuftflotte 4 inamaqembu amahlanu ahlome ngamabhomu eJu 88 A: I./KG 51 (22/22), II./KG 51 (36/29), III./KG 51 (32/28), I ./KG 54 (34/31) kanye no-II./KG 54 (36/33). Kanye nezindiza ezi-3 ezijwayelekile, lena kwakuyindiza engu-163/146.

Umsebenzi wokuqala wamayunithi amabhomu eLuftwaffe emkhankasweni waseMpumalanga kwakuwukucekela phansi izindiza zezitha ezigxile ezinkundleni zezindiza emngceleni, okwakuzozivumela ukuba zisungule ukuphakama komoya futhi, ngenxa yalokho, zikwazi ukusekela kalula amabutho angaphansi ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile. AmaJalimane awazange aqaphele amandla wangempela wezindiza zaseSoviet. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi entwasahlobo ka-1941 umoya unamathisele eMoscow obst. U-Heinrich Aschenbrenner wenza umbiko oqukethe cishe idatha enembile ngamandla angempela e-Air Force; I-8000th Division ye-Luftwaffe General Staff ayizange iyamukele le datha, ibheka ukuthi iyihaba futhi ihlala nokuhlola kwakhe, okwathi isitha sasine-9917. indiza. Eqinisweni, abaseSoviet babenezimoto ezingu-17 704 Ezifundeni Zezempi ZaseNtshonalanga kuphela, futhi sebebonke babenezindiza okungenani ezingu-XNUMX XNUMX!

Ngisho nangaphambi kokugqashuka kwezingxabano, i-6./KG 51 yaqala ukulungiselela kahle indiza ye-Ju 88 ukuze kuhlelwe ukusebenza komoya, njengoba u-Ofw ekhumbula. UFriedrich Aufdemkamp:

Esizindeni se-Wiener Neustadt, ukuguqulwa kwe-Ju 88 ibe izinga lendiza yokuhlasela kwaqala. Ingxenye engezansi yekhabethe yayihlotshiswe ngamashidi ensimbi, futhi inganono engamasentimitha angu-2 yakhiwe engxenyeni yayo engezansi, engaphambili ukuze ilawule isibukeli. Ukwengeza, omakhenikha bakha iziqukathi ezimbili ezimise okwebhokisi endaweni yebhomu, ngasinye sazo esingabamba amabhomu angu-360 SD 2. Ibhomu lokuhlukaniswa kwe-SD 2, elinesisindo esingu-2 kg, laliyisilinda esinobubanzi obungu-76 mm. Ngemva kokusetha kabusha, igobolondo elingaphandle elinamahinge lavuleka laba amasilinda amabili, futhi amaphiko engeziwe anwetshwa eziphethwini. Sonke isakhiwo, esinamathiselwe emzimbeni webhomu ku-boom yensimbi ende engu-120 mm, sasifana namaphiko ovemvane, ekugcineni ayejikijelwe nge-engeli yokugeleza komoya, okwenza ukuthi intambo yokuphotha exhunywe ku-fuse ijikeleze ngokuphambene newashi phakathi nokuqhuma. ukuwisa ibhomu. Ngemuva kwezinguquko ezingu-10, iphinikhodi yasentwasahlobo ngaphakathi kwe-fuse yakhululwa, eyabopha ngokugcwele ibhomu. Ngemva kokuqhuma, cishe izingcezu ezingu-2 ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwe-250 igremu zakhiwa emzimbeni we-SD 1, okuvame ukubangela ukulimala okubulalayo phakathi kwamamitha angu-10 ukusuka endaweni yokuqhuma, futhi ukukhanya - kufika kumamitha angu-100.

Ngenxa yokwakheka kwesibhamu, izikhali namabhomu, isisindo esifile seJu 88 sikhuphuke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imoto isiphenduke kancane ikhala. Ochwepheshe baphinde basinika izeluleko mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa amabhomu e-SD-2 ngesikhathi sokuhlasela komoya endaweni ephansi. Amabhomu kwakufanele awiswe endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-40 ngaphezu komhlaba. Iningi lazo labe seliqhuma endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaba ngu-20, kanti elinye laqhuma phansi. Izinjongo zabo kwakuwukuba izinkundla zezindiza namaqembu amasosha. Kwacaca ukuthi manje sase siyingxenye ye-“Himmelfhrtskommando” (iqembu labahluliwe). Ngempela, phakathi nokuhlasela kwezindiza ukusuka ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-40, sasingaphansi kokuzivikela okukhulu komhlaba, okuhlanganisa izibhamu ezilwa nezindiza ezilula kanye nezikhali ezincane zamasosha. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakudingeka kucatshangelwe ukuhlaselwa okungenzeka kwabalwi. Saqala ukuzijwayeza ngamandla ukwenza ukuhlasela kwe-steam namandla. Abashayeli bezindiza kwakudingeka baqaphe kakhulu ukuthi lapho umusi noma umkhuzi wokhiye ewisa amabhomu, ngaso sonke isikhathi kwakudingeka abe okungenani endaweni ephakeme noma ephakeme kunomholi, ukuze angaweli ochungechungeni lwamabhomu aqhumayo.