Izibalo eziphawulekayo emlandweni wezimoto

Uma ubona i-Lamborghini epholile iginqika emgwaqeni (ngemuva kokulungiswa komhlathi wakho oxegayo), ungase ucabange ngezingcweti ezingavamile ezibeke umsebenzi wazo ekwakheni lesi simangaliso sobunjiniyela. Kodwa umzamo womuntu ngemuva kweLamborghini, futhi empeleni ngemuva kwanoma iyiphi imoto, uhamba kakhulu kunalokho ongase ukucabange.

Abantu abaningi abakhulu banikele ngezimpilo zabo ekwenzeni uphawu embonini yezimoto njengonjiniyela, abasunguli, nabatshalizimali, futhi abanye baze bafaka yonke into engcupheni ukuze bahwebe. Namuhla sibheka izimpilo nezinto ezifeziwe zezinganekwane zezimoto ezingama-40, eziphilayo nabangasekho, ezibe nomthelela embonini yezimoto futhi zayibumba namuhla.

Nikolaus Otto

Unjiniyela waseJalimane u-Nikolaus August Otto kuthiwa wasungula injini yokuqala esebenzayo yangaphakathi evutha umlilo ngo-1876, eyayisebenzisa igesi esikhundleni sesitimu futhi yagcina kwakhiwa isithuthuthu.

Eyaziwa ngokuthi "injini yomjikelezo we-Otto", ibisebenzisa imivimbo emine noma imijikelezo yokubasa ngakunye. Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi i-Otto yenza izimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli zaba umbono ongokoqobo, iqala inkathi yezimoto futhi yashintsha umlando emakhulwini eminyaka ezayo.

UGottlieb Daimler

UGottlieb Daimler wathuthuka ekwakhiweni kwenjini kaNikolaus Otto enamasondo amane ngosizo lomngane wakhe uWilhelm Maybach ukuze akhe umanduleli wenjini yesimanje kaphethiloli futhi wayisebenzisa ngempumelelo ukuze akhe imoto yokuqala emhlabeni enamasondo amane.

Injini engu-V-twin, 2-cylinder, 4-stroke eyakhiwe nguDaimler noMaybach isasebenza njengesisekelo sezinjini zezimoto zanamuhla. Ngo-1890, i-Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (i-Daimler Motors Corporation) yasungulwa onjiniyela ababili baseJalimane ukuze benze izinjini zokuthengisa kanye nezimoto kamuva.

UKarl Benz

Unjiniyela wezimoto waseJalimane uKarl Friedrich Benz, othathwa kabanzi "njengoyise wemboni yezimoto" kanye "nobaba wezimoto", waziwa ngokwakha imoto yokuqala esebenzayo emhlabeni.

I-Benz enamasondo amathathu esebenzisa injini kaphethiloli enama-stroke amane nayo kuthiwa yimoto yokuqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngemva kokuthola ilungelo layo lobunikazi ngo-'4. I-Benz Automobile Company, eyakha izimoto ezinkulu emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi, yahlanganiswa. noDaimler Motoren Gesellschaft ukuze bakhe lokho namuhla okwaziwa ngokuthi i-Mercedes-Benz Group.

UCharles Edgar noJames Frank Duria

Nakuba uJohn Lambert ehlonishwa ngokudala imoto yokuqala yaseMelika esebenzisa igesi, izelamani zakwaDuria zingabakhiqizi bokuqala bezimoto zaseMelika. Basungula i-Duryea Motor Wagon Company ngemuva kokuhlola ngempumelelo imoto yabo eyi-four-horsepower single-cylinder e-Springfield, Massachusetts ngo-1893.

Isidingo sezimoto zakwaDuryea sikhule kakhulu ngemuva kokuba enye yezimoto zabo, eyayishayelwa uJames Frank Duryea, iwine umjaho wokuqala wezimoto waseMelika eChicago ngo-1895. Imoto yaseDurya.

UHenry Ford uthathwa njengomuntu onethonya elikhulu emlandweni wemboni yezimoto. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ukuthi kungani.

UWilhelm Maybach

Umngane oseduze kanye nomhlanganyeli kaDaimler, unjiniyela waseJalimane uWilhelm Maybach ungumsunguli wezinto eziningi ezisunguliwe esikhathini sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezimoto, okuhlanganisa ama-spray carburetors, injini yejakhethi yamanzi egcwele, isistimu yokupholisa irediyetha, futhi, okuphawuleka kakhulu, injini yemoto yokuqala engamasilinda amane eshintshiwe. kusuka enjini ye-Otto. umklamo.

UMaybach ube ngowokuqala ukufaka injini phambi komshayeli nangaphansi kwesivalo, lapho isihlale khona kusukela lapho. Ekupheleni kuka-35, waziwa ngokuthi wakhe imoto eyi-radical 1902 hp yephayona lemijaho yezimoto u-Emil Jellinek, okwathi, ngesicelo sikaJellinek, yaqanjwa ngendodakazi yakhe: uMercedes. Kamuva wasungula inkampani yakhe yezimoto ukuze akhiqize izimoto ezinkulu zikanokusho ezaziwa emhlabeni namuhla njengeMaybach.

Rudolf Diesel

Unjiniyela waseJalimane uRudolf Diesel wasungula injini evuthayo yangaphakathi, eyayisebenza kahle kakhulu kunezinjini zesitimu negesi yangaleso sikhathi ngenxa yokucindezela komoya okuphezulu, okwabangela ukuthi amagesi akhule kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusha.

Inikezwe ilungelo lobunikazi ngo-1898, futhi ayizange idinge umthombo wokuthungela, ukuyivumela ukuthi isebenze ezinhlobonhlobo zamafutha, kuhlanganise nama-biofuels. Ngenkathi enza lo mfanekiso, ukuqhuma okungazelelwe enjinini engamafidi angu-10 ubude kucishe kwabulala uDizili futhi kwalimaza amehlo akhe unomphela. Nakuba injini kadizili yayihloselwe ukusiza amabhizinisi amancane ehlise izindleko zokusebenza, yabangela uguquko embonini yezimoto.

Ransome E. Olds

I-Ransom Eli Olds yaziwa ngokuqala imikhuba embalwa evamile embonini yezimoto namuhla. Ube ngowokuqala ukwakha uhlelo lwabahlinzeki bempahla, ngowokuqala ukukhiqiza izimoto ngobuningi emgqeni wokuhlanganisa onganyakazi, futhi waba ngowokuqala ukukhangisa nokudayisa izimoto zakhe.

U-Olds wasungula inkampani yakhe yezimoto ngo-1897 futhi wakhiqiza imoto yakhe yokuqala, i-Oldsmobile Curved Dash, ngo-1901. Eminyakeni emibili eyalandela, yaba umkhiqizi omkhulu wezimoto e-United States!

UHenry Ford

UHenry Ford, ngokungangabazeki indoda enethonya elikhulu emlandweni wezimoto, wenza izimoto zifinyeleleke kubantu abaningi. IFord Model T yenza izinguquko embonini yezimoto ngesikhathi ikhishwa ngo-1908, ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu kwasungulwa iFord Motor Company. Sekuqalile inkathi entsha lapho izimoto zingaseyona into ewubukhazikhazi.

Abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ulayini wokuhlanganisa wakwaFord onebhande lokuthutha, ohlanganiswe no-$5 wosuku lomsebenzi (okuphindwe kabili kwesilinganiso somholo wansuku zonke ngaleso sikhathi) nokuncipha kwamahora okusebenza, kwayiphuca inkampani, kodwa esikhundleni salokho kwandise ukusebenza kahle futhi kwehlisa nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Kangangoba inani leModel T lehla lisuka ku-$825 laya ku-$260 ngo-1925. Ngo-1927, abakwaFord base bedayise izimoto zamaModel T eziyizigidi ezingu-15.

Okulandelayo: Leli phayona elidumile lezimoto limelana kalula nezinto ezizuzwe nguHenry Ford...

UWilliam Durant

Ebhekwa njengomdayisi ongcono kakhulu owake waphila, uWilliam C. Durant wayengomunye wamaphayona ahamba phambili embonini yezimoto. Wasungula ngokuhlanganyela noma waba nesandla ekuthuthukisweni kweziqhwaga zezimoto eziningi, okuhlanganisa iBuick, Chevrolet, Frigidaire, Pontiac, Cadillac, futhi ikakhulukazi iGeneral Motors Corporation (eyaphuma enkampanini yakhe yezimoto eyaphumelela kakhulu ngo-1908).

UDuran waziwa ngokwenza uhlelo lokuhlanganiswa okuqondile lapho inkampani inamatende ambalwa abonakala ezimele anemigqa yezimoto ehlukene ngaphansi kwenkampani eyodwa ephethe inkampani. Ngosuku lwakhe, wayaziwa ngokuthi "Indoda" futhi u-JP Morgan wambiza ngokuthi "umboni ongazinzile".

Charles Nash

Ezalelwe ebuphofini obukhulu, uCharles Williams Nash wasebenza imisebenzi embalwa ephansi ngaphambi kokuba aqashwe uWilliam Durant ngo-1 njengomphakeli ngemali engu-$1890 ngosuku efektri yakhe yenqola. Esebenza ngendlela yakhe, uNash wagcina eseyi-CEO. Ubambe elikhulu iqhaza ekusizeni iBuick kanye noGeneral Motors ukuthi babuyele ezimeni zabo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi engumengameli weGM ngemuva kokuxoshwa kukaDurant.

Lapho u-Durant ephinda elawula i-GM ngo-1916, uNash wesula esikhundleni ngenxa yempikiswano ethile, wenqaba isiphakamiso sika-Durant somholo omangalisayo wonyaka ongu-$1 million. Wabe esesungula inkampani eyaphumelela kakhulu iNash Motors, eyakha izimoto ezithengekayo “zezigaba zemakethe ezikhethekile ezishiywe zinganakiwe izikhondlakhondla” ezagcina zivule indlela ye-American Motors Corporation.

Henry Leland

Eyaziwa ngokuthi "iNdoda Enkulu YaseDetroit," uHenry Martin Leland waziwa kakhulu ngokusungula izinhlobo ezimbili zohlobo oluphambili ezisekhona nanamuhla: iCadillac neLincoln. U-Leland waletha ubunjiniyela obunembayo embonini yezimoto futhi wasungula inombolo yezimiso zokukhiqiza zesimanje, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezishintshayo.

U-Leland wathengisa i-Cadillac ku-GM ngo-1909 kodwa waqhubeka ehlotshaniswa nayo kwaze kwaba ngu-1917, lapho uhulumeni wase-US ecela i-Cadillac ukuthi ikhiqize izinjini zezindiza ze-Liberty zeMpi Yezwe I, isicelo esanqaba u-GM's pacifist owayephakeme ngaleso sikhathi u-Will Durant. U-Leland wakha uLincoln ngenkontileka yesikhathi sempi engu-$10 million yokuhlinzeka ngezinjini zezindiza ze-Liberty V12, ezanikeza ugqozi ezimotweni zokuqala zakwaLincoln ngemva kokuphela kwempi.

UCharles Rolls

UCharles Stewart Rolls wayeyiphayona laseBrithani lezimoto nezokundiza, odume ngokusungula ngokubambisana inkampani yeRolls-Royce nonjiniyela wezimoto uHenry Royce. Ephuma emkhayeni wezicukuthwane, uRolls wayengumshayeli wemijaho ongesabi futhi engusomabhizinisi okhaliphile owayazi amandla okusebenzelana nomphakathi.

URolls waziwa ngokuthi wahlangana noRoyce mhla zizi-4 kuNhlaba 1904 eMidland Hotel eManchester ukuze aqale ubudlelwano obuzogcina bukhule bube yibheji yezimoto ehlonishwayo kuze kube manje. Yize uRolls ashona engozini yendiza eneminyaka engu-32 ubudala, iqhaza lakhe embonini yezimoto likhulu kakhulu ukuthi lishaywe indiva.

Okulandelayo: Ungaqagela iholo likaWalter Chrysler ngo-1920? Ngeke uze usondele!

Henry Royce

Lapho uCharles Stuart Rolls ebuya emhlanganweni oyingqopha-mlando wango-1904 eMidland Hotel eManchester noHenry Royce, watshela umlingani wakhe webhizinisi uClaude Johnson ukuthi "uthole umakhi wenjini omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni."

Ngaphezu kokuba ingcweti kwezezimoto, uRoyce wayengumuntu okhuthele futhi othanda ukuphelela owayengasoze avuma noma yikuphi ukuyekethisa. Eqinisweni, kwakuwukuthanda kukaRoyce ukuphelela okwaba uphawu lwayo yonke imoto namuhla ephethe ibheji yeRolls-Royce enama-R amabili ahlangene.

Walter Chrysler

Uzalelwe emndenini kanjiniyela wezitimela, uWalter Percy Chrysler waqala umsebenzi wakhe embonini yezitimela futhi waba umakhenikha onekhono ngokwedlulele. Wajoyina imboni yezimoto ngo-1911 lapho umongameli weGM wangaleso sikhathi uCharles Nash emnikeza isikhundla sobuholi eBuick, lapho anciphisa khona izindleko zokukhiqiza ngobuciko futhi wakhuphukela esikhundleni sokuba umongameli.

Kamuva uChrysler wasebenza nezinye izinkampane ezimbalwa futhi wayaziwa ngokufuna nokuthola iholo elimangalisayo nelingezwakali lika-$1 million ngonyaka ngesikhathi esebenzela iWillys-Overland Motors. Wathola intshisekelo yokulawula kuMaxwell Motor Company ngo-1924 futhi wayihlela kabusha njenge-Chrysler Corporation ngo-1925 ukuze ikhiqize izimoto ezisezingeni eliphezulu, eyivula indlela yokuba ibe enye ye-"Big Three" kaDetroit.

WO Bentley

UWalter Owen Bentley waqashelwa njengomklami wezinjini ophumelelayo esemncane. Amapiston akhe e-aluminium, afakwe endizeni yezempi yaseBrithani phakathi neMpi Yezwe I, ayebaluleke kangangokuthi wazuza i-MBE futhi waklonyeliswa ngo-£8,000 (€8,900) kuKhomishini Yemiklomelo Yabasunguli.

Ngo-1919, u-Bentley wasebenzisa imali yomklomelo ukuze akhe inkampani yezimoto enegama elifanayo ngenhloso eyodwa "Ukwenza imoto enhle, imoto esheshayo, ehamba phambili ekilasini layo." Ama-Bentleys ayekhona futhi asekhona!

ULouis Chevrolet

Umshayeli wezimoto waseSwitzerland uLouis Chevrolet waziwa kakhulu ngokusungula iChevrolet Motor Car Company nomsunguli weGeneral Motors owaxoshwa uWilliam Durant. Isiphambano saseSwitzerland esilungisiwe sakhethwa njengophawu lwenkampani ukuhlonipha izwe lakwaChevrolet.

I-Chevrolet yashiya inkampani ngo-1915 ngenxa yokwehluka kwemiklamo noDurant, futhi inkampani yahlanganiswa neGeneral Motors eminyakeni emibili kamuva. Ngonyaka olandelayo, iChevrolet yasungula ngokubambisana neFrontenac Motor Corporation, eyathola ukuqashelwa eminyakeni eyalandela ngezimoto zayo zomjaho iFronty-Ford.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde ngomsunguli wemoto odumile.

UCharles Kettering

Umsunguli omkhulu ophethe amalungelo obunikazi angu-186 egameni lakhe, uCharles Franklin Kettering wayeyinhloko yocwaningo kwaGeneral Motors kusukela ngo-1920 kuya ku-1947. Ngesikhathi ese-GM, waba negalelo elikhulu kuzo zonke izindawo zokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto, ikakhulukazi lezo ezazihlomulisa amakhasimende ngokuqondile.

U-Kettering wasungula uphethiloli we-anti-knock, ohambisa isivinini esishintshashintshayo, opende bezimoto abasheshe bome, futhi okuphawuleka kakhulu uhlelo lukagesi oluyi-key-start oluyi-automatic key-start olwaqeda umkhuba wokubasa ngesandla nokwenza izimoto ziphephe futhi zisebenze kalula.

UFerdinand Porsche

Umsunguli wePorsche AG uFerdinand Porsche waziwa ngokwakha izimoto eziningi ezidumile, okuhlanganisa iMercedes-Benz SSK kanye neVolkswagen Beetle yodumo, ngemuva kokuba uHitler emnike inkontileka yokuthuthukisa imoto yabantu (noma iVolkswagen) ngo-1934.

Ngaphandle kokusungula enye yezinkampani zezimoto ezidume kakhulu emhlabeni, iPorsche iphinde ituswe ngokwenza imoto eyihybrid yokuqala emhlabeni kaphethroli nogesi, iLohner-Porsche mixed hybrid, ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.

Kiitiro Toyoda

U-Kiichiro Toyoda wayeyindodana kaSakichi Toyoda, okwathi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1920 waqala ibhizinisi lokuluka okuzenzakalelayo elinenzuzo enkulu eJapane. Enentshisekelo ngezimoto, uKiichiro waqinisekisa umndeni wakhe ukuthi wenze ushintsho oluyingozi ekwenzeni izimoto, wenza isinqumo esasizoshintsha umhlaba wezimoto unomphela!

Zenziwe ngokuphelele kusukela ekuqaleni eJapan, izimoto zakwaToyoda bezithengeka kakhulu, ziguquguquka futhi zithembekile kunezakwamanye amazwe, futhi inkampani igcina lelo sithunzi kuze kube namuhla. Kuze kube yimanje iToyota, okuyinkampani enkulukazi ekhiqiza izimoto emhlabeni, isidayise izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-230 million, kanti ezingu-44 million kuzo okuyiCorolla iyodwa, kusukela yasungulwa ngo-1937.

Soitiro Honda

Uzalelwe emndenini kamakhenikha wamabhayisikili, ibhizinisi lokuqala lika-Soichiro Honda, indawo yokusebenzela yeringi ye-piston, lacekelwa phansi ukuqhuma kwamabhomu ngesikhathi sempi kanye nokuzamazama komhlaba okubhubhisayo. Ngo-1946, waqhamuka nombono omuhle wokunikeza amandla amabhayisikili avela kumajeneretha asele eMpini Yezwe II. Icebo lalihlaba umxhwele kangangokuthi wayengakwazi ukuhambisana nesidingo.

Ngo-1948, abakwaHonda basebenzisana noTakeo Fujisawa ukwakha iHonda Motor Company, lapho ayephethe khona uhlangothi lwebhizinisi lobunjiniyela, kuyilapho uFujisawa ephethe ezezimali, izithuthuthu, futhi ekugcineni nezimoto ngo-1963.

Uma ungumuntu othanda ukushaja kakhulu, kufanele ubonge lo msunguli wemoto odumile!

Alfred Buchi

Njengoba iningi labashayeli bezimoto lazi, unjiniyela wezimoto waseSwitzerland u-Alfred Büchi kuthiwa wasungula i-turbo ngo-1905. U-Büchi usebenzise isu elikhaliphile ukuze acindezele kusengaphambili umoya ongena enjinini esebenzisa amandla "okumosha" we-kinetic wamagesi akhipha umfutho ophezulu. kusukela kunqubo yomlilo.

Ilungelo lakhe lobunikazi "lomshini ovuthayo wangaphakathi ohlanganisa i-compressor (i-turbine compressor), injini ephindaphindayo kanye ne-turbine ochungechungeni" icishe ifane nanamuhla, ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka kamuva!

U-Alfred Sloan

Ethathwa njengesikhulu esiphezulu esinethonya elikhulu emlandweni weGeneral Motors, u-Alfred Pritchard Sloan wabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekukhuleni kukaGM kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1920 kuya ko-1950, waqala ezikhundleni zokuphatha ezihlukahlukene futhi kamuva waba inhloko yenkampani. Ngaphansi kobuholi buka-Sloan, i-GM ayibanga nje inkampani enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kodwa futhi yaba ibhizinisi lezimboni elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.

I-Sloan iqede ukuncintisana phakathi kwezinkampani ezingaphansi kwe-GM ngesakhiwo samanani esinobuhlakani esiklelisa izinhlobo ze-Cadillac, i-Buick, i-Oldsmobile, i-Pontiac, ne-Chevrolet kusukela ezibiza kakhulu kuye kwezingabizi kakhulu, okuvumela abathengi bamandla okuthenga ahlukahlukene kanye nezintandokazi ukuthi baqhubeke nokuthenga izimoto ze-GM. Uphinde wethula izinto eziningi ezintsha embonini yezimoto, ikakhulukazi izinguquko zaminyaka yonke zesitayela sezimoto kanye nesistimu yokubolekwa kwemoto esiyaziyo nesiyisebenzisayo namuhla!

Enzo Ferrari

U-Enzo Ferrari waqala umsebenzi wakhe wokuba umshayeli womjaho ngo-1919 ngaphambi kokusebenzela i-Alfa Romeo ezikhundleni eziningana. Ekugcineni waba yinhloko yophiko lwemijaho ka-Alfa, lapho asungula khona iqembu lomjaho iScuderia Ferrari, elinophawu lwalo lwehhashi eligijimayo.

I-Scuderia Ferrari yavalwa ngu-Alfa Romeo kodwa yabuye yavuselelwa u-Enzo ukuze ibe yiqembu elidala kunazo zonke elisasele neliphumelele kakhulu le-Formula One lika-1939 kuze kube manje. U-Enzo washiya i-Alfa Romeo ngo-1946 ukuze athole inkampani eyandulela i-Ferrari ngenjongo yokuxhasa ngezimali iqembu lomjaho i-Scuderia. Nge-12, wayeseyenze imoto yakhe yokuqala yephupho ngenjini ye-VXNUMX, kanti okunye, njengoba sazi, umlando!

UHenry Ford II

UHenry Ford II, owaziwa nangokuthi u-Hank Deuce noma i-HF2, wabuyiselwa e-US Navy ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe II ukuyohola i-Ford kulandela ukushona kukayise, u-Edsel Ford, indodana endala ka-Henry Ford. Ekwazi ukuntula kwakhe ulwazi, waqasha ngobuhlakani abanye ochwepheshe bemboni yezimoto abahamba phambili bangaleso sikhathi, okuhlanganisa no-Ernest Breech weGeneral Motors.

I-HF2 yayisa iFord esidlangalaleni ngo-1956, yahola ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye zezimoto zayo ezidumile, futhi yashintsha ibhizinisi lomndeni eligulayo laba umdondoshiya wezimoto emhlabeni wonke. Ukuthengiswa kweFord kukhuphuke kusuka ku-$894.5 million ngo-1945 kuya ku-$43.5 billion ngo-1979 ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe. Uphinde wazama ukuthenga iFerrari ngokuzimisela okwaholela embangweni wodumo weFord-versus-Ferrari eLe Mans.

ILamborghini yaqala njengenkampani kagandaganda. Funda ukuze uthole ukuthi kungani eqale ukwenza izimoto.

UCarroll Shelby

Okuwukuphela komuntu owawina i-24 Hours of Le Mans njengomshayeli (Aston Martin, 1959), umenzi (Cobra Daytona Coupe, 1964) kanye nomphathi weqembu (Ford GT, 1966 and 1967), Carroll Shelby wayengomunye wabo. wabantu abanamandla kakhulu embonini yezimoto.

Waziwa kakhulu ngokwakha i-AC Cobra nokulungisa iFord Mustang ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960. Yonke imoto eyakhiwa yile ndoda, yaklanywa, noma yayithintwa manje isiyimpahla eqoqwayo ebiza izigidi. Ngo-1966, uShelby wasiza iFord ukuba inqobe iFerrari e-Le Mans ngenkathi iqembu le-GT40 MK II liwela umugqa wokuqeda ndawonye ngesikhathi esiyingqopha-mlando ngempela!

UFerruccio Lamborghini

Uzalelwe umlimi womvini wase-Italy, amakhono emishini kaFerruccio Lamborghini aqala ibhizinisi likagandaganda elinenzuzo ngo-1948 kanye nemboni yokushiswa kukawoyela ngo-1959. Eminyakeni emine kamuva, wasungula i-Automobili Lamborghini.

Inganekwane ithi uLamborghini wanquma ukungena ebhizinisini lezimoto ngemuva kokukhononda kumsunguli u-Enzo Ferrari ngeFerrari yakhe, ehlale ishisa i-clutch yayo. U-Enzo utshele uLamborghini ukuthi akadingi iseluleko "sikagandaganda umakhenikha" kanti okunye kuwumlando!

chung yung

Wazalelwa emndenini womlimi waseKorea ompofu kakhulu, uChung Ju Jung waba indoda ecebe kakhulu eNingizimu Korea. Ngemva kokwehluleka ezintweni eziningi, uChang waqala ibhizinisi lokukhanda izimoto ekuqaleni kwawo-1940 ngokuboleka i-3,000 eyawina kumngane. Leli bhizinisi lagcina lidlondlobele, kodwa lavalwa uhulumeni wamakoloni waseJapan.

Ngemuva kokukhululwa kweKorea, uChang wenza omunye umzamo ebhizinisini futhi wasungula iHyundai njengenkampani yokwakha. Yasinda ekudlondlobaleni komnotho osafufusa waseNingizimu Korea, ngokushesha yaba yinhlangano ekhiqiza yonke into kusukela kwezinaliti kuya emikhunjini. AbakwaHyundai bangeze ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kuphothifoliyo yabo ngo-1967 futhi namuhla bangumkhiqizi wezimoto wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni.

UJohn DeLorean

Unjiniyela wezimoto waseMelika uJohn DeLorean wahlala enethonya elikhulu embonini yezimoto amashumi eminyaka. Ehlonishwa kakhulu ngomsebenzi wakhe kwaGeneral Motors, wahlala eyinhloko encane ye-GM division ngaphambi kokuba ahambe ayothola iDeLorean Motor Company.

I-DeLorean yaziwa ngokwakha izimoto ezimbalwa eziyizithonjana ezihlanganisa i-Pontiac GTO, i-Pontiac Firebird, i-Pontiac Grand Prix, ne-Chevrolet Cosworth Vega. Kodwa-ke, imoto yakhe ephawulekayo kwakuyimoto yezemidlalo ye-DMC DeLorean engafi ku-blockbuster ye-1985 Back to the Future.

Lesi sikhulu esidumile sezimoto "sixoshe umphathi oyedwa ngosuku" ukuze enze izinto!

USergio Marchionne

USergio Marchionne uhole uguquko olumangalisayo nolushesha kakhulu lwe-Fiat, wadonsela u-Chrysler onqenqemeni lokuwa futhi wahlela ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani ezimbili zibe enye yezimboni ezinkulu zezimoto ezinenzuzo enkulu emhlabeni.

Ngesikhathi uMarchionne eqokwa njenge-CEO yakwaFiat ngo-2004, le nkampani yayisenkingeni enkulu. Ehlonishwa “njengomunye wabaholi bebhizinisi abanesibindi kakhulu” emlandweni wakamuva, indlela yakhe yokuphatha engasho lutho, enolaka kodwa ephumelela kakhulu yamvumela ukuthi “axoshe umphathi oyedwa ngosuku” ngenkathi ese-Fiat. Umholi obekhuluma ngokungananazi ukugxeka imikhiqizo yakhe, u-Marchionne uhlale engomunye wabaphathi abadumile nabanamandla embonini yezimoto waze washona ngo-2018.

Alan Mulally

Owayengumongameli kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu seFord Motor Company, u-Alan Mulally, useguqule iFord isuka enkampanini yezimoto elahlekelwe yimali eyazabalaza ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-2000 yaba enye yezinkampani ezihamba phambili ezikhiqiza izimoto ezinenqwaba yezindawo ezinenzuzo zilandelana.

Owake waba yisikhulu esiphezulu kwa-Boeing, uMulally wanconywa ngohlelo lwakhe lwe-"One Ford", lapho abakwaFord bakhiqiza khona amamodeli angathengiswa emhlabeni wonke ngokulungiswa okuthile. Isu labonakala liyimpumelelo ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi iFord yaphinde yathola isimo sayo esilahlekile. Bekuwukuphela kwenkampani enkulu yezimoto yaseMelika ukugwema ukutakulwa kukahulumeni kusukela ngesikhathi sokwehla komnotho ngo-2008.

UGiorgetto Giugiaro

Ebhekwa kabanzi njengomklami wezimoto onethonya elikhulu kunawo wonke wekhulu lama-20, u-Giorgetto Giugiaro udale izimoto, ezinhle kakhulu nezingavamile, cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimoto ezinkulu emhlabeni.

Iphothifoliyo kaGiugiaro ehlaba umxhwele ihlanganisa amakhulukhulu ezimoto ezihlanganisa iBugatti EB112, Subaru SVX, DeLorean DMC 12, Alfa Romeo Alfasud, Lotus Esprit, Volkswagen Golf kanye neScirocco. Ngenxa yethonya lakhe elibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwezimoto zesimanje, umdwebi wesitayela wase-Italy waqanjwa ngokuthi "Umklami Wekhulu Leminyaka" yijaji lezintatheli ezingaphezu kwe-120 ngo-1999.

UMary Barra

UMary Teresa Barra wajoyina iGeneral Motors ngo-1980 eneminyaka engu-18 ukuze akhokhele imfundo yakhe yasekolishi. Kusukela ekuhloleni ama-hoods namaphaneli e-fender kuya ekusebenzeni kwezindima eziningi zobunjiniyela nezokuphatha, wakhuphuka kancane kancane waba yi-CEO ngo-2014. inkampani yavela enkingeni engakaze ibonwe.

Ukuhlanganisa ithimba labaphathi abahamba phambili abake baba nalo, uBarra wenza izinqumo ezinesibindi ngempela, ezihlanganisa ukushiya iRussia nokushintshela ezimotweni ezizishayelayo nezisebenza ngogesi. I-CEO yokuqala yesifazane yenkampani enkulu yezimoto, abaningi ithathwa njengesikhulu sesibili esinamandla emlandweni weGM ngemuva komholi ophakeme wenkampani wamaphakathi nekhulunyaka u-Alfred Sloane.

Okulandelayo: Lesi sikhulu esiphezulu sezimoto sisemuva kokuvela kabusha kwemikhiqizo eminingi egulayo.

UCarlos Tavares

UCarlos Tavares usize owayeyinganekwane, manje owayeyisikhulu sakwaNissan owayephoxekile, uCarlos Ghosn, wathatha lo mkhiqizo kusukela lapho ucishe waqothuka waya kweminye yezinkampani ezinkulu ezikhiqiza izimoto, futhi wabamba iqhaza elikhethekile ekusunguleni ubukhona balo eMelika. Ube esebuyisela inkampani yakwaPeugeot SA Group enzuzweni ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa yokulahlekelwa, okuhlanganisa nokuvuselelwa okuyisimangaliso kohlobo lwe-Opel.

Ngesikhathi eshayela iPSA, uTavares kwaziwa ukuthi ubesezingxoxweni zokuhlanganisa iqembu neFiat Chrysler Automobiles, okuholele ekusungulweni kweStellantis ngo-2021. Njenge-CEO yeqembu lesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni lezimoto, elingabanikazi be-Alfa Romeo, Citroën, Chrysler, Dodge, Fiat, Jeep. , I-Ram, i-Peugeot, i-Maserati ne-Vauxhall phakathi kwamanye ama-brand, i-Tavares ingomunye wabantu abanethonya kakhulu embonini yezimoto namuhla.

Akio Toyota

Umzukulu womsunguli weToyota uKiichiro Toyoda, u-Akio Toyoda, ungumongameli wamanje weToyota Motor Corporation. U-Akio uqondise iToyota ngemuva kokuwohloka komnotho ngo-2008, ukuzamazama komhlaba okwadala umonakalo ngo-2011 kanye ne-tsunami, futhi muva nje usongo lwe-COVID-19, okuyenza ibe nenzuzo enkulu kunangaphambili.

Yize iToyota isivele yethula izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi eziyi-hybrid eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambi kokuthi i-Akio ithathe izintambo, yiyona ebhekelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uguquko lwenkampani ekonga uphethiloli kanye nezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi lufinyelela emazingeni amangalisayo. Namuhla, i-Toyota idayisa ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zezimoto ezingama-hybrid ezingaphezu kuka-40 emhlabeni wonke, futhi i-Akio ihlela ukutshala izigidigidi zamaRandi ezimotweni ezisebenza ngamabhethri ukuze ziqhudelane noTesla nezinye izimbangi zomhlaba.

ULuka Donkerwolke

Osanda kuqanjwa ngokuthi Umuntu Wonyaka Wezimoto Ka-2022, u-Luke Donckerwolke uyisikhulu Esiyinhloko Sokuqamba KwaHyundai Motor Group. Emsebenzini oncomekayo othathe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu, umklami wezimoto waseBelgium useke wahola ukuhlukaniswa kwemiklamo eminingi edumile okuhlanganisa i-Lamborghini, i-Bentley, i-Audi, i-Skoda ne-Seat.

Ngenkathi sise-HMG, u-Donkerwolke wayenomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthuthukisa indlela ekhuphukayo yohlobo lwe-Hyundai ne-Kia, ethula uhlobo oluphambili lwe-Genesis futhi ethule uchungechunge lwamamodeli aqanjwa kabusha njenge-Kia EV6, i-Genesis GV60 ne-Hyundai Ioniq 5.

UHerbert uyafa

Isikhulu esiphezulu sakwaVolkswagen Group uHerbert Diess waba nesandla ekuholeni leli qembu ehlazweni elidume kabi lika-Dieselgate ngo-2015, lapho iVolkswagen yalahlekelwa khona ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30 ngenhlawulo, izinhlawulo kanye nesinxephezelo ngemva kokugebenga izimoto zayo zikadizili ukuze zikopele ezivivinyweni zikahulumeni.

I-Diess ihlonishwe kabanzi ngemizamo ye-VW yokufaka ugesi emgodleni wayo. Njengenhloko yezinkampani ezimbili ezinkulu ezikhiqiza izimoto emhlabeni, ezinemikhiqizo ehlonishwayo njengePorsche, Bentley, Lamborghini, Audi neSkoda ngaphansi kwesambulela sayo, iDiess isinamandla amakhulu embonini yezimoto.

Okulandelayo: Lo menzi wezimoto osemusha anganika uTesla ubunzima.

R. J. Scaringe

URobert Joseph Scaringe ungumsunguli we-Rivian Automotive, ehlela ukuguqula imboni yezimoto ngamaSUV ayo asebenza ngogesi wonke, ama-SUV namaloli eveni, kanye namaveni okulethwa kwezimoto zesikhathi esizayo.

Kusukela ekuqaleni, i-Scaring ikwazile ukuthola ukwesekwa yiziqhwaga eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-Cox ne-Amazon, kuyilapho uJeff Bezos e-ode amaveni okulethwa kukagesi angu-100,000. U-Rivian waphumela obala ngoNovemba 2021 futhi wenziwa inani elikhulu lamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-105 ngezinsuku ezimbili nje. Lokhu kuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-50 kunembangi ye-Tesla ezinsukwini ezimbili zokuqala ze-IPO yayo ngo-2010.

Ratan Naval Tata

USihlalo we-Indian conglomerate Tata Group kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-2012, u-Ratan Nawal Tata yindoda enesibopho sokuguqula i-Tata Motors egxile e-India, inkampani engaphansi kwaleli qembu, ibe yisikhondlakhondla sezimoto emhlabeni wonke ngokuthengwa kweJaguar Cars kanye neLand Rover kwaFord 2008.

IRatan Tata nayo yaba sematheni ngesikhathi ikhipha imoto yokuqala yabagibeli baseNdiya ngo-1998 yaphinda futhi ngo-2008 lapho yenza imoto ethengeka kakhulu emhlabeni, iTata Nano, ngentengo yasefekthri engu-$1,300 nje kuphela.

UChristian von Koenigsegg

U-Christian von Koenigsegg, oyi-CEO yomkhiqizi wezimoto ezisebenza kahle e-Swedish i-Koenigsegg, ungumbono omusha ophethe amalungelo obunikazi amaningi egameni lakhe, ikakhulukazi i-valve ye-Freevalve, enciphisa ngokuphawulekayo isisindo nosayizi wezinjini kuyilapho ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwazo.

I-Koenigsegg Automotive AB yenze izihloko zezindaba izikhathi eziningi, okuhlanganisa lapho i-Agera RS hypercar yayo isetha irekhodi lejubane lomhlaba elingu-285 mph. Ngenkathi u-Bugatti ephula lelo rekhodi, u-Christian waphendula inselele ngendalo emangalisayo ye-Jesko Absolut ehlukumeza emoyeni ngesivinini esingama-330 mph.

Eloni Musk

Isikhulu seTesla u-Elon Musk akayena nje umuntu ocebe kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa futhi ungumuntu onamandla kakhulu embonini yezimoto namuhla. Ngemali yemakethe efinyelele ku- $ 1.23 trillion ngoNovemba 2021, uTesla usengumenzi wezimoto obaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni - kude, KAKHULU ngaphambi kwanoma yimuphi imbangi.

U-Musk akazange asungule izimoto zikagesi noma adale i-Tesla, kodwa uzohlala ekhunjulwa njengendoda eyagqugquzela futhi yahola ukuguqulwa kwemboni yezimoto ezimotweni zikagesi. Ngokufakazela ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zingathembeka, zikanokusho futhi zipholile, waphinda walisungula kabusha isondo, wabeka imboni eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambili futhi ephoqa wonke umenzi wezimoto ukuthi ashintshe ngokushesha noma aphume unomphela emdlalweni!