Ukugqoka i-brake disc

Ukugqoka i-brake disc kuwumphumela ongenakugwemeka wezinto zokungqubuzana zamabhuleki asebenza endaweni yawo. Kuya ngempilo yesistimu ye-brake, izimo zokusebenza zemoto, indlela yokushayela yomnikazi wayo, imayela lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-disc, ikhwalithi yawo kanye nohlobo, kanye nenkathi yonyaka, njengoba ukungcola, umswakama kanye namakhemikhali ahlakazekile. imigwaqo inomthelela omubi kumabhuleki. Ukubekezelelwa kokugqoka kwama-brake discs, ngokuvamile, umkhiqizi wawo ngokwakhe, kubonisa ngokuqondile ebusweni bomkhiqizo.

Izimpawu zama-brake discs agugile

Kunzima kakhulu ukunquma ukuguga kwama-disc ngezimpawu ezingaqondile, okungukuthi, ngokuziphatha kwemoto. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukubheka ukushuba kwama-disc kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Izinguquko ekuziphatheni kwe-pedal. okungukuthi, ukwehluleka okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, lesi sibonakaliso singase futhi sibonise ezinye izinkinga ngezakhi zesistimu ye-brake - ukugqokwa kwama-brake pads, ukuphuka kwe-cylinder ye-brake, nokuncipha kwezinga le-brake fluid. Noma kunjalo, isimo sama-brake discs, kufaka phakathi ukugqokwa kwawo, kufanele futhi sibhekwe.
• Ukudlidliza noma ukudlikiza lapho ubhuleka. Izimpawu ezinjalo zingase zenzeke ngenxa yokungahambi kahle, ukugoba, noma ukugqoka okungalingani kwe-brake disc. Kodwa-ke, isimo samabhuleki kufanele sibhekwe.
• Ukudlidliza esiteringini. Enye yezimbangela ezivamile kuleli cala i-grooves ejulile yokugqoka, ukungahambi kahle kwe-disc noma ukuguqulwa. Izinkinga zingadalwa nangamabhuleki agugile noma awonakele.
• Ukushaya ikhwela kuzwakala uma ubhuleka. Ngokuvamile zivela lapho ama-brake pads alimele noma agugile. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu okugcina kuhluleka, kunethuba eliphezulu lokuthi isisekelo sensimbi samapayipi singalimaza i-disc ngokwayo. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuhlola isimo sayo esijwayelekile kanye nokugqoka.

Uma kwenzeka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kweziphambeko ezibalwe ngenhla, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-brake, kanye nokuhlola isimo sezakhi zayo, kuhlanganise nokunaka ukugqoka kwama-brake discs.

ukuphuka	Amadiski anamathelayo	Ukushibilika kwemoto uma ibhreka	Amabhuleki amakhwela	Ukudlidliza kwesondo lokuqondisa ngesikhathi sokubhuleka	Ama-jerks ngesikhathi sokubhuleka
Okufanele ukhiqize
Shintshanisa ama-brake pads	✔	✔	✔	✘	✘
Hlola ukusebenza kwe-brake caliper. Bheka ama-pistons neziqondiso ukuthi akagqwalile namafutha	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
Hlola ukushuba kanye nesimo esijwayelekile se-brake disc, ukuba khona kokuphuma kwamanzi ngesikhathi sokubhuleka	✔	✘	✔	✔	✘
Hlola isimo se-friction linings kuma-pads	✘	✔	✘	✘	✘
Hlola amasondo amasondo. Hlola isimo semishini yokuqondisa, kanye nokumiswa	✘	✘	✘	✔	✔
Hlola amathayi namarimu	✘	✘	✘	✔	✘

Kuyini ukugqokwa kwama-brake discs

Noma yimuphi umthandi wemoto kufanele azi ukuthi hlobo luni lokugqoka i-brake disc olwamukelekayo, lapho lungasetshenziswa khona ngokuphepha, futhi yikuphi osekukhawulelwe kakade, futhi kufanelekile ukushintsha ama-disc.

Iqiniso liwukuthi uma ukugqoka okuphezulu kwama-brake discs kudluliwe, kukhona ithuba lokuphuthumayo. Ngakho-ke, kuye ngomklamo wesistimu ye-brake, i-brake piston ingaba i-jam noma ivele iwe esihlalweni sayo. Futhi uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesivinini esikhulu - kuyingozi kakhulu!

Ukugqoka okuvunyelwe kwama-brake disc

Ngakho-ke, yikuphi ukugqokwa okuvumelekile kwama-brake discs? Amazinga okugqoka ama-brake disc anqunywa yinoma yimuphi umkhiqizi. Lawa mapharamitha ancike emandleni enjini yemoto, ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwama-brake disc. Umkhawulo wokugqoka uzohluka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamadiski.

Isibonelo, ubukhulu bediski entsha yebhuleki yeChevrolet Aveo ethandwayo buyi-26 mm, futhi ukuguga okubucayi kwenzeka lapho inani elihambisanayo lehla liye ku-23 mm. Ngakho-ke, ukuguga okuvunyelwe kwe-brake disc kungu-24 mm (iyunithi eyodwa ohlangothini ngalunye). Ngokulandelayo, abakhiqizi bamadiski babeka ulwazi mayelana nomkhawulo wokuguga endaweni yokusebenza yediski.

Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa enye yezindlela ezimbili. Esokuqala siwumbhalo oqondile onqenqemeni. Isibonelo, MIN. TH. 4 mm. Enye indlela uphawu ngesimo se-notch ekupheleni kwediski, kodwa ohlangothini lwayo lwangaphakathi (ukuze i-block ingashayi kuyo). Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, indlela yesibili ilula kakhulu, ngoba ngokunyuka kokugqoka kuze kube okubucayi, i-disk iqala ukubopha ama-jerks, okuzozwakala ngokucacile umshayeli lapho ebhuleka.

Ukugqoka okuvumelekile kwama-brake discs kubhekwa njengoku hhayi ngaphezu kwe-1-1,5 mm, kanye nokuncipha kobukhulu bediski ngo-2...3 mm kusukela ukushuba okuzisholo izovele ibe umkhawulo!

Ngokuqondene nama-drum brake discs, awanciphi njengoba egqoka, kodwa anda ngobubanzi bawo bangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze unqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokugqoka abanalo, udinga ukuhlola ububanzi bangaphakathi futhi ubone ukuthi akudluli yini imingcele evumelekile. Ubukhulu obuvumelekile bobubanzi bokusebenza besigubhu sebhuleki sigxivizwe ohlangothini lwaso lwangaphakathi. ngokuvamile kuba 1-1,8 mm.

Izinsiza eziningi eziku-inthanethi nakwezinye izitolo zezimoto zikhombisa ukuthi ukuguga kwamabhuleki akufanele kudlule ama-25%. Eqinisweni, ukugqokwa KUHLALA kukalwa ngamayunithi aphelele, okungukuthi, ngamamilimitha! Isibonelo, nali itafula elifana nalelo elinikezwe izimoto ezihlukahlukene emibhalweni yazo yobuchwepheshe.

Igama lepharamitha	Inani, mm
Ubukhulu be-brake disc	24,0
Ubuncane bediski ukujiya ekugqokeni okuphezulu	21,0
Ubukhulu obuvunyelwe ukuguga kweyodwa yezindiza zamadiski	1,5
Ubuningi bokuphuma kwediski	0,04
Ubuncane obuncane bokujiya obuvunywayo bomugqa wokushayisana wesicathulo samabhuleki	2,0

Indlela yokunquma ukuguga kwama-brake discs

Ukuhlola ukugqoka kwe-brake disc akunzima, into eyinhloko ukuthi ube ne-caliper noma i-micrometer esandleni, futhi uma engekho amathuluzi anjalo, khona-ke ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ungasebenzisa umbusi noma uhlamvu lwemali (ngaphezulu kwalokho ngezansi). Ubukhulu be-disc bulinganiswa ku-5 ... amaphuzu angu-8 kumbuthano, futhi uma ishintsha, khona-ke ngaphezu kokugqoka kwendawo ye-brake, kukhona ukugoba noma ukugqoka okungalingani. Ngakho-ke, kuyodingeka hhayi kuphela ukuyishintsha emkhawulweni, kodwa futhi ukuthola isizathu ngenxa yokuthi kwenzekani ukugqoka okungalingani kwe-brake disc.

Enkonzweni, ubukhulu bama-discs bulinganiswa ngedivayisi ekhethekile - lena i-caliper, inobukhulu obuncane kuphela, futhi nasezindebeni zayo zokulinganisa kukhona izinhlangothi ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuthi umboze i-disc ngaphandle kokuphumula eceleni kohlangothi. emaphethelweni ediski.

Ihlolwa kanjani

Ukuze uthole izinga lokugqoka, kungcono ukuqaqa isondo, ngoba ubukhulu be-disc abukwazi ukulinganiswa ngenye indlela, futhi uma udinga ukuhlola ukugqokwa kwezigubhu zamabhuleki ezingemuva, kuzodingeka ususe wonke. indlela yamabhuleki. Lapho wenza isheke eliqhubekayo, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi amadiski aguga ezinhlangothini zombili - ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Futhi hhayi njalo ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukwazi izinga lokugqoka kwediski ezinhlangothini zombili zediski, kodwa ngaphezulu kwalokho okungezansi.

Ngaphambi kokuhlola, kufanele wazi ulwazi mayelana nobukhulu be-brake disc entsha yemoto ethile. Ingatholakala emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe noma kudiski ngokwayo.

Nciphisa ukugqokwa kwama-brake disc

Inani lokugqokwa okuphezulu okuvunyelwe lizoncika kusayizi wokuqala wediski namandla enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto. Ngokuvamile, ukuguga okuphelele kwe-disc yonke yezimoto zabagibeli cishe ku-3 ... 4 mm. Futhi ngezindiza ezithile (zangaphakathi nangaphandle) mayelana ne-1,5 ... 2 mm. Ngokugqoka okunjalo, kakade badinga ukuguqulwa. Kuma-brake discs ahlanganisa indiza eyodwa (evame ukufakwa kumabhuleki angemuva), inqubo izofana.

Ukuhlola ukuguga kwama-brake discs kuhilela ukuhlola ukushuba kwazo zombili izindiza zediski, usayizi wehlombe, bese uqhathanisa le datha nenani legama okufanele libe nalo idiski entsha, noma amapharamitha anconyiwe. futhi uhlole isimo esijwayelekile sokuhuzuka kwendawo yokusebenza yediski, okungukuthi, ukufana, ukuba khona kwama-grooves nokuqhekeka (usayizi wemifantu akufanele ube ngaphezu kuka-0,01 mm).

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhleliwe, udinga ukubheka ubukhulu be-grooves yokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo sabo. Ama-grooves amancane ajwayelekile ajwayelekile. Kunconywa ukushintsha ama-disc abhanqiwe ngamaphedi uma kukhona ama-grooves ajulile angajwayelekile. Uma kwenzeka ukugqoka kwe-conical ye-brake disc, kuyadingeka ukuyishintsha futhi uhlole i-caliper ye-brake. Uma imifantu noma okunye ukugqwala nokushintsha umbala kubonakala ku-disc, ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nezimo ezishisayo ezenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezivamile nezidlulele ekushiseni kwe-disc. Banga umsindo wamabhuleki futhi banciphise ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki. Ngakho-ke, kuyafiseleka futhi ukufaka esikhundleni sediski futhi kuyinto efiselekayo ukufaka ezingcono ngokukhipha ukushisa okuthuthukisiwe.

Qaphela ukuthi lapho i-disc igqoka, unqenqema oluthile lwakha ukuzungeza isiyingi (amaphedi awahliki kuwo). Ngakho-ke, lapho ukala, kuyadingeka ukukala indawo yokusebenza. kulula ukwenza lokhu nge-micrometer, ngoba izakhi zayo zokusebenza "ezizungezile" zikuvumela ukuthi ungayithinti. Endabeni yokusebenzisa i-caliper, kuyadingeka ukubeka noma yiziphi izinto ngaphansi kwama-gauge ayo, ubukhulu bayo obuhambisana nokugqoka kwama-pads (isibonelo, izingcezu ze-tin, zemali zensimbi, njll.).

Uma inani lobukhulu bediski lilonke noma noma yiziphi izindiza zalo lingaphansi kwenani elivumelekile, idiski kufanele ishintshwe entsha. Akumele kusetshenziswe i-brake disc egugile!

Lapho ushintsha i-brake disc, ama-brake pads kufanele ashintshwe njalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi agqoke kanjani kanye nesimo sobuchwepheshe! Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphedi amadala anediski entsha akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele!

Uma ungenayo i-micrometer eduze, futhi kungenangqondo ukuhlola nge-caliper ngenxa yokuba khona kohlangothi, ungasebenzisa uhlamvu lwemali lwensimbi. Isibonelo, ngokusho kwe-Central Bank esemthethweni yaseRussia, ubukhulu bemali enenani lobuso lama-kopecks angu-50 kanye ne-ruble engu-1 ngu-1,50 mm. Kwamanye amazwe, ulwazi olufanele lungatholakala kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni amabhange amakhulu amazwe afanele.

Ukuze uhlole ubukhulu be-brake disc ngemali, udinga ukuyinamathisela endaweni yokusebenza ye-disc. Ezimweni eziningi, ukugqoka okubalulekile kwendawo eyodwa yediski kungaphakathi kwe-1,5 ... 2 mm. Usebenzisa i-caliper, ungathola ukushuba kokugqokwa kwakho kokubili kwengxenye eyodwa yediski kanye nobukhulu obuphelele bediski yonke. Uma unqenqema lungagugile, ungakala ngalo ngokuqondile.

Yini ethinta ukugqoka kwe-brake disc?

Izinga lokugqoka kwama-brake discs lincike ezintweni eziningi. Phakathi kwazo:

• Isitayela sokushayela somuntu othanda imoto. Ngokwemvelo, ngokubhuleka okungazelelwe kaningi, ukuguga ngokweqile kwediski nokuguga kwama-brake pads kwenzeka.
• Izimo zokusebenza kwemoto. Ezindaweni ezinezintaba noma ezinamagquma, ama-brake disc aguga ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu zemvelo, ngoba uhlelo lokubhuleka lwezimoto ezinjalo lusetshenziswa kaningi.
• Uhlobo lokuhambisa. Ezimotweni ezine-manual transmission, ama-disc, njengamaphedi, awagugi ngokushesha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezimotweni ezifakwe i-othomathikhi noma i-variator, ukugqokwa kwediski kwenzeka ngokushesha. Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi ukuze umshayeli amise imoto ene-automatic umshayeli uphoqeleka ukuthi asebenzise i-brake system kuphela. Futhi imoto ene "mechanics" ngokuvamile inganciphisa ngenxa yenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo.
• Uhlobo lwama-brake discs. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-brake discs zisetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli: ama-ventilated, perforated, nottched, and solid discs. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ama-disc aqinile ahluleka ngokushesha, kuyilapho ama-disc anomoya kanye nama-perforated ahlala isikhathi eside.
• Gqoka ikilasi. Kuncike ngqo enanini kanye nohlobo lwediski olukhonjiswe ngenhla. Abakhiqizi abaningi bamane babonise i-mileage encane yemoto lapho i-brake disc yakhelwe khona esikhundleni sekilasi lokumelana nokugqoka.
• Ukuqina kwephedi yebhuleki. Uma ibhuleki lithambile, lisebenza ngobumnene ngediski. Okusho ukuthi, insiza yediski iyanda. Kulokhu, i-braking yemoto izoba bushelelezi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma iphedi liqinile, khona-ke liguga i-disc ngokushesha. I-Braking izoba bukhali. Okufanelekile, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi isigaba sobunzima be-disc kanye nesigaba sobunzima bamapads sifane. Lokhu kuzokwelula impilo ye-brake disc kuphela, kodwa nama-brake pads.
• Isisindo semoto. Ngokuvamile, izimoto ezinkulu (isb. ama-crossover, ama-SUV) afakwe ama-diameter amakhudlwana futhi nesistimu yawo yamabhuleki iqiniswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, kuboniswa ukuthi imoto elayishiwe (okungukuthi, ethwele impahla eyengeziwe noma edonsa inqola esindayo) ama-brake discs aguga ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukumisa imoto elayishiwe, udinga amandla amaningi avela ohlelweni lwamabhuleki.
• Ikhwalithi yezinto zediski. Ngokuvamile, ama-brake discs ashibhile enziwa ngensimbi esezingeni eliphansi, eguga ngokushesha, futhi angase abe namaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (i-curvature, i-sagging, imifantu). Futhi ngokufanele, ngcono insimbi okwenziwa ngayo lokhu noma lelo diski, lizohlala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokushintshwa.
• Ukusebenza kwesistimu yamabhuleki. Ukwehluleka okufana nezinkinga zamasilinda asebenzayo, iziqondiso ze-caliper (kuhlanganise nokuntuleka kokugcoba kuzo), ikhwalithi ye-brake fluid ingathinta ukuguga okusheshayo kwama-brake discs.
• Ukuba khona kwesistimu ye-anti-lock. Uhlelo lwe-ABS lusebenza ngomgomo wokwandisa amandla lapho iphedi icindezela khona kwi-brake disc. Ngakho-ke, kwandisa impilo yakho kokubili ama-pads nama-discs.

Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi imvamisa ukugqokwa kwama-brake discs angaphambili kuhlala kudlula ukugqokwa kwangemuva, ngoba angaphansi kwamandla amakhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, insiza yama-brake discs angaphambili nangemuva ahlukile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezidingo ezihlukene zokubekezelelana kokugqoka!

Ngokwesilinganiso, ngemoto evamile yabagibeli esetshenziswa ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, ukuhlolwa kwediski kufanele kwenziwe cishe njalo nge-50 ... 60 amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kanye nesilinganiso sokugqoka kwenziwa kuye ngephesenti lokuguga. Ama-disc amaningi esimanje ezimoto zabagibeli asebenza kalula ku-100 ... amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-120 ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile.

Izizathu zokugqoka okungalingani kwama-brake disc

Kwesinye isikhathi uma ushintsha ama-brake discs, uyabona ukuthi amadala anokugqoka okungalingani. Ngaphambi kokufaka ama-disc amasha, udinga ukuthola izizathu zokuthi kungani i-brake disc igqoka ngokungalingani, futhi, ngokufanele, isuse. Ukufana kokugqoka kwe-disc kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-braking! Ngakho-ke, ukuguga okungalingani kwe-brake disc kungabangelwa izici ezilandelayo:

• Isici esibalulekile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ikakhulukazi ama-brake discs ashibhile, angenziwa ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi noma ngaphandle kokulandela ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obufanele.
• Ukufakwa okungalungile kwama-brake discs. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuwukuhlanekezela kwe-banal. Lokhu kuzoholela ekugqokeni kwe-conical disc kanye nokugqoka kwamabhuleki okungalingani. Esigabeni sokuqala, i-disc ingabhobozwa, kodwa kusengcono ukufaka esikhundleni se-disc entsha.
• Ukufakwa okungalungile kwama-brake pads. Uma noma yimaphi ama-pads afakwe ngokugwegwile, ngakho-ke, ngokufanele, ukugqoka kuzobe kungalingani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kokubili i-disc ne-brake pad kuzoguga ngokungalingani. Lesi sizathu sijwayelekile kuma-brake discs asevele agugile, njengoba amaphedi aguga ngokushesha kakhulu kunediski.
• Ukungcola kungena ku-caliper. Uma amabhuzu okuvikela i-brake caliper alimala, udoti omncane namanzi kuzongena ezingxenyeni ezihambayo. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ubunzima ekunyakazeni (ukushaywa okungalingani, ukumuncu) ku-cylinder esebenzayo kanye neziqondiso, khona-ke ukufana kwe-pad force phezu kwendawo yediski kuyaphazamiseka.
• Umhlahlandlela wejika. Ingase ingalingani ngenxa yokufakwa okungalungile kwamabhuleki noma ukulimala komshini. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokulungiswa kwesistimu yebhuleki noma ingozi.
• Ukugqwala. Kwezinye izimo, isibonelo, ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokungasebenzi kwemoto ezimweni zasemkhathini ezinomswakama ophezulu, i-disc ingase igqwale. Ngenxa yalokho, i-disk ingase iguge ngokungalingani ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuqhubekayo.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka, kodwa akunconywa, ukugaya i-brake disc enokugqoka okungalingani. Kuncike esimweni sayo, izinga lokugqoka, kanye nenzuzo yenqubo. Iqiniso lokuthi idiski ine-curvature izobangelwa ukungqongqoza okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubhuleka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokugaya ama-grooves ebusweni be-disc, kubalulekile ukukala ukuphuma nokugqoka kwayo. Inani elivumelekile le-disc curvature ngu-0,05 mm, futhi ukuphuma kuvele sekuvele ku-curvature engu-0,025 mm.. Imishini ikuvumela ukuthi ugaye i-disc ngokubekezelela okungu-0,005 mm (ama-microns angu-5)!

isiphetho

Ukugqokwa kwama-brake discs kufanele kuhlolwe cishe njalo ngamakhilomitha angama-50 ... 60 ayizinkulungwane, noma uma kuphakama izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokubhuleka yemoto. Ukuze uhlole inani eligugile, udinga ukuqaqa idiski futhi usebenzise i-caliper noma i-micrometer. Ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje zabagibeli, ukugqoka kwe-disc okuvunyelwe ngu-1,5 ... 2 mm endizeni ngayinye, noma mayelana ne-3 ... 4 mm kuwo wonke ugqinsi lwediski. Kulesi simo, kuhlale kudingekile ukuhlola ukugqoka kwezindiza zangaphakathi nangaphandle zamadiski. Uhlangothi lwangaphakathi lwediski luhlala lugqoke kancane (ngo-0,5 mm).