Ama-seal valve stem seal

Izigxivizo zamavalvu esikhathi, ezaziwa kangcono ngokuthi "izigxivizo zama-valve", zivimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungangeni ekhanda le-cylinder ekamelweni elivuthayo lapho amavalvu evulwa. resource lezi zingxenye cishe 100 km., kodwa ngokusebenza okunolaka, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kanye nezinto zokugcoba ezisezingeni eliphansi futhi ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokungenzi lutho senjini evuthayo yangaphakathi (isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka), ukuguga kwezimpawu ze-valve stem kwenzeka ngokushesha. Ngenxa yokugqoka uphawu amafutha angena ekamelweni elivuthayo, ngenxa yokuthi i-motor ilahlekelwa amandla futhi ingazinzile, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kukhula kakhulu.

Indlela yokunquma ukugqoka kwezimpawu ze-valve nokuthi ungayiqeda kanjani - sizokutshela kulesi sihloko.

Izimpawu ze-valve seal ezigugile

uphawu oluyisisekelo lokuguga kwezimpawu ze-valve stem - intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ephuma epayipini lokukhipha umoya ekuqaleni futhi uphumule ngemva kokufudumala. Lapho uvula intamo yokugcwalisa uwoyela enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, intuthu ingase iphume lapho, futhi emithonjeni yamakhandlela futhi kuzintambo zocingo noma amakhoyili okuthungela kungenzeka iminonjana kawoyela. Iminonjana yokugcoba amafutha nayo ingatholakala emicu kanye nama-electrode ama-spark plugs.

Imikhondo yokugcoba entanjeni yekhandlela

Ukungena kwamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo kuholela e-coking yezingxenye ze-CPG, ezigcwele ukushisa kwama-valve kanye nokuvela kwamasongo e-piston. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela esidingweni sokulungiswa kabusha kwenjini. Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela nakho kuyingozi - ngokufaka phezulu kungazelelwe, ukushisa ngokweqile, ukushaya amagoli ngisho nokugcwala kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kungenzeka. Izimpawu zama-valve seal ezigugile zifana nezimpawu zezinye izinkinga eziholela ekushiseni uwoyela, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqale uqiniseke ukuthi inkinga isezigxivini ze-valve stem.

Unganquma kanjani ukuguga kwezimpawu ze-valve stem

Zonke izimpawu zokuguga kwe-valve stem seal, izimbangela kanye nezindlela zokuxilonga eziholela kulokhu kufingqwa kuthebula elingezansi ukuze kube lula.

Uphawu	Izimbangela zokubukeka	Imiphumela	Izindlela zokuxilonga
Kuphuma intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka	Amafutha agelezayo esuka ekhanda le-cylinder eya egumbini elivuthayo eduze kwamavalvu ezintanyeni asha kanye nophethiloli futhi imikhiqizo yawo evuthayo ifaka umbala ku-exhaust blue.	Imikhiqizo evuthayo ye-oil form soot, izindandatho "zilala phansi", ama-valve awasahambisani kahle futhi angashisa. Uma izinga lokugcoba liwela ngaphansi kwenani elincane, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ingase yehluleke ngenxa yendlala yamafutha.	Qala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngemuva kokungenzi lutho amahora angu-2-3 noma ucindezele ngokuqinile i-pedal yegesi phansi imizuzwana engu-2-3 ngokungenzi lutho ngenjini efudumele. Hlola ubukhona kanye nombala wentuthu.
Ikhabhoni ifaka kuma-electrode amakhandlela, intambo enamafutha	Amafutha engeziwe avela ekamelweni elivuthayo akhanywa ngaphandle kwezintambo zamakhandlela, kodwa i-o-ring iyayivimbela ukuthi ingaphumi.	I-Sparking iba yimbi, ngenxa yokuthi ingxube ye-air-fuel ishisa kakhulu, injini iqala ukusebenza ngokungazinzile. Kuma-ICE omjovo, i-ECU ithola ukuqhuma okungalungile bese izama ukukulungisa ngokushintsha usayizi wengxenye kaphethiloli ojovwe kanye nesikhathi sokubasa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda futhi i-traction ilahlekile.	Khumula amakhandlela futhi uhlole ama-electrode awo, kanye nezintambo zokugcoba amafutha kanye nensimu.
Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela	Amafutha angena ngokukhululekile egunjini elivuthayo ngokusebenzisa ama-valve seal awonakele, lapho asha khona kanye nophethiloli.	Ukusebenza kwe-motor kuyawohloka, amafomu e-soot kumasilinda, kanye nokwehla okubucayi kwezinga lokugcotshwa kungabulala injini yomlilo yangaphakathi.	Hlola njalo izinga lokuthambisa ngemva kokufinyelela uphawu lwemayela elithile. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha lapho ama-valve stem seal agqokwa kufinyelela ku-1 l / 1000 km nangaphezulu.
Ubunzima bokuqalisa injini ebandayo	Amafutha ageleza ekhanda le-cylinder aqoqana kuma-valve nama-piston, "aphonsa" amakhandlela. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lomlilo liphakeme kakhulu kunelikaphethiloli noma igesi, futhi ikhandlela elifakwe amafutha likhiqiza inhlansi embi kakhulu, kuba nzima ukuthungela ingxube ehlanganiswe ne-lubricant.	Umthwalo ebhethri uyanda, impilo yayo yesevisi iyancipha. Amakhandlela emafutheni nawo asebenza kabi kakhulu, njengoba eshesha embozwe umule. Izinsalela zamafutha angashisiwe zingcolisa i-catalyst kanye ne-lambda probes, zinciphise ukuphila kwazo.	Ngokuqala okubandayo, inani lokuguquguquka kwesiqalisi liyakhula kuze kube yilapho injini iqala.
Intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ivela entanyeni yokugcwalisa amafutha	Amagesi akhipha umoya ngesikhathi uvula ivalvu ngebhokisi lokugxusha eligugile faka ikhanda lesilinda bese liphuma entanyeni.	Amafutha agcwele imikhiqizo evuthayo, ngenxa yalokho ashintsha ngokushesha umbala wawo futhi alahlekelwe yizinto zawo zokuqala zokugcoba nokuzivikela.	Vula isivalo sokugcwalisa uwoyela ngenkathi injini isebenza.

Emotweni enesiguquli se-catalytic esisebenzisekayo, intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka evela ku-exhaust ingase ingabikho, njengoba ishisa imikhiqizo evuthayo yamafutha. Lapho kukhona i-neutralizer, qaphela kakhulu ezinye izimpawu!

Indlela yokuqonda: ukugqokwa kwezimpawu ze-valve stem noma inkinga emasongweni?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-valve stem seal yokugqoka akugcini ezindleleni ezibonakalayo. Lezi zimpawu ezifanayo zingase zibonise ezinye izinkinga, njengokwenzeka noma ukuguga kwamasongo e-piston noma isistimu yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase engasebenzi. ukuze uhlukanise izimpawu zokuguga kwe-valve seal kwezinye izinkinga, udinga:

Unganquma kanjani ukugqokwa kwezimpawu ze-valve nge-endoscope: ividiyo

• Bheka ukuthi ukucindezela kuyabanda futhi kuyashisa. Uma i-MSC igqokwa, ukucindezela kumasilinda kuvame ukujwayelekile ngenxa yokugcotshwa okuningi kwezingxenye ze-CPG. Uma ukucindezela okubandayo kujwayelekile (10-15 atm kaphethiloli, i-15-20 noma ngaphezulu i-atm yenjini yedizili, kuye ngezinga lokucindezelwa kwenjini), kepha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okufushane (ngaphambi kokufudumala) kuyehla, kukhona kungase kube nezinkinga ngamakepisi. Uma iphansi kokubili lapho kubanda nangemva kokufudumala, kodwa ikhuphuka ngemva kokujova u-10-20 ml wamafutha kumasilinda, inkinga isemasongweni noma ekuthuthukisweni kwesilinda.
• Khipha ipayipi lokuphefumula ngenkathi injini isebenza.. Uma kuphuma intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka entanyeni yokugcwalisa uwoyela, udinga ukususa ipayipi lokungenisa umoya eliphuma kukhrenka elisuka ku-crankcase liye ekhanda le-cylinder (imbobo yalo ekhanda kufanele ivalwe ukuvimbela ukuvuza komoya). Uma ama-valve seal agqokwa, intuthu isazophuma entanyeni. Uma inkinga isemaringini noma kumasilinda, intuthu izophuma ku-breath.

Intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka evela epayipini lokukhipha umoya ngesikhathi sokuqala ibonisa ukuba khona kwamafutha ekamelweni elivuthayo.

• Nquma ukuthi yiziphi izikhathi ezibhemayo kusukela ekukhipheni umoya. Lapho ama-valve seal agugile, intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iphuma ekuphumeni ngesikhathi sokuqala (ngoba amafutha aqoqwe ekamelweni elivuthayo) futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuselela ngemva kokufudumala (ngoba lapho i-throttle ivulekile, amafutha angena kumasilinda). Ngemva kokuphinda izikhathi ezimbalwa, intuthu ingase iphele. Uma izindandatho ze-oil scraper ze-piston zinephutha, khona-ke ibhema njalo, futhi lapho ijubane liphakeme, umusi unamandla.
• Hlola ama-valve discs nge-endoscope. Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi kufanele ivunyelwe ukuba iphole, bese uqaqa amakhandlela bese uhlola ama-valve nge-endoscope ngokusebenzisa imithombo yamakhandlela. Uma ama-valve seal engabambi amafutha, khona-ke azogeleza kancane kancane ezintanyeni zabo, enze amabala amafutha kumapuleti e-valve nezihlalo. Uma kukhona ukuvuza okuqinile kwama-valve stem seal, kungenzeka ukuthi amaconsi kawoyela angene ku-piston. Uma ama-valve omile, khona-ke inkinga isemasongweni.

Uzilungisa kanjani izimpawu ze-valve stem ezivuzayo

Uma ama-valve seal evuza, kunezindlela ezimbili zokulungisa inkinga:

• shintsha izimpawu ze-valve stem;
• sebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhethekile.

Ukushintsha ama-valve stem seal kuyinkqubo edla isikhathi edinga ukungenelela ekhanda le-cylinder. Kumamotho amaningi, ukuhlakazeka kwekhanda okuyingxenye kuzokwanela, kepha kwamanye amamodeli kufanele kususwe ngokuphelele.

Ithuluzi elenziwe ekhaya lokususa ama-seal kawoyela kumapliers

Ukuze ushintshe ama-valve seal, udinga:

• ama-wrenches / amakhanda nama-screwdrivers (izinombolo zincike kumodeli yemoto);
• i-valve desiccant;
• i-wrench ye-timing belt tension;
• i-collet cap remover, noma ama-pliers anekhala elide elibamba nxazonke, noma ama-tweezers anamandla;
• induku yethini eguquguqukayo ifinyelela ku-1 cm ububanzi no-20-30 cm ubude;
• mandrel tube ngokucindezela izimpawu ezintsha.

uzodinga futhi ukuthenga ama-seals ngokwawo, inani lawo elilingana nenani lama-valve enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

ukuze ungene esikhundleni se-MSC ngokuzimela, udinga:

Nini futhi kanjani ukushintsha valve stem seals: ividiyo

1. Susa ama-spark plugs bese ukhipha isembozo sevalvu (amakhava ezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezimise okwe-V).
2. Khulula ibhande bese ususa i-camshaft (amashafu kumamotho amise okwe-V kanye ne-DOHC).
3. Khipha i-valve pusher (inkomishi), isinxephezelo se-hydraulic, iwasha yokulungisa noma ezinye izingxenye ezivimba ukufinyelela "kuma-crackers".
4. Sula i-valve bese ususa isiphethu.
5. Ukusebenzisa i-collet, i-pliers yekhala elide noma ama-tweezers, susa ibhokisi elidala lokugxila ku-valve.
6. Gcoba isiqu ngamafutha bese ucindezela i-cap entsha nge-mandrel.
7. Hlanganisa i-actuator ye-valve ngokulandelana.
8. Phinda izinyathelo 4-8 kwamanye ama-valve.
9. Faka i-camshaft futhi uqondise ama-shafts ngokuvumelana namamaki, qinisa ibhande lesikhathi, uqedele umhlangano.

ukuze i-valve ingacwili kusilinda, kufanele isekelwe ngekhandlela kahle nge-tin bar! Ezinye izindlela ukucindezela i-compressor ngekhandlela kahle futhi ugxilise igumbi elivuthayo ngentambo eqinile phakathi kwalo (ukuphela kufanele kuhlale ngaphandle).

Ukushintsha ama-valve seal esiteshini sesevisi kuzobiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-5 (kanye nezindleko zezimpawu ezintsha). Kwezinye izimo, ungakwazi ukuqeda ukuvuza ngosizo lwamakhemikhali akhethekile.

Valve Seal Ukuvuza Izithasiselo

Ungakwazi ukumisa ukuvuza kwezimpawu ze-valve, uma zingonakalisiwe, kodwa zikhubazekile kancane, ngosizo lwezithako ezikhethekile zamafutha enjini. Basebenza ezigxivizweni zenjoloba zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, bathambisa impahla yabo futhi babuyisele ukunwebeka, ngaleyo ndlela bamise ukuvuza kwama-valve stem seal.

• I-Liqui Moly Oil Verlust Stop. Isengezo sisebenza njenge-stabilizer yezakhiwo ze-viscosity zamafutha enjini, futhi sisebenza kuma-rubber kanye nezimpawu zepulasitiki, ukubuyisela ukunwebeka kwazo. Yengezwa emafutheni ngesilinganiso se-300 ml (ibhodlela eli-1) ngamalitha angu-3-4 we-lubricant, umphumela uvela ngemva kwe-600-800 km.
• I-WINDIGO (Wagner) I-Oil Stop. Isengezo samafutha enjini esingaguquki izakhiwo zawo futhi sisebenza kuphela kuma-oil seal. Ibuyisela ukunwebeka kwabo, inciphisa izikhala, ngaleyo ndlela imise ukuvuza kwamafutha. Yengezwe ku-lubricant ngengxenye ye-3-5% (30-50 ml ilitha ngalinye).
• Sawubona-Gear HG2231. Isengezo sebhajethi esikhethayo esingaphazamisi i-viscosity kanye ne-lubricity yamafutha, esebenza kuma-rubber seal. Ithululwa ngesilinganiso sebhodlela eli-1 ngevolumu ngayinye yokusebenza yamafutha, umphumela utholakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 zokushayela.

I-Liqui Moly Oil-Verlust Stop

I-WINDIGO (Wagner) I-Oil Stop

I-Hi-Gear HG 2231

Izithasiselo zikawoyela aziyona i-panacea, ngakho-ke azisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Nalaba bayakwazi nwebisa impilo yama-valve seal ngo-10-30%, i-mileage eseduze nensiza elinganisiwe (kufika ku-100 XNUMX km), "phatha" okwesikhashana ama-valve stem seal kanye nomusi ophuma ekukhipheni ekuqaleni kwenkinga, kodwa ungaqedi ukuphuka kokugijima.

Uma ama-valve stem seal aguge ngokuphelele, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kucishe kube yi-1 l / 1000 km, noma izigxivizo zenjini ezimile iminyaka eyi-10 ngaphandle kokunyakaza zome ngokuphelele - umphumela, okungcono kakhulu, uzoba ngokwengxenye. . Futhi uma inkinga ingancishiswa, kusadingeka ulungiselele ukufaka uphawu lwe-valve stem ngemva kwe-10-30 km eyizinkulungwane.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

• Ngabe ama-valve stem seal ahamba isikhathi esingakanani?

  Insiza ethenjisiwe yama-valve stem seal icishe ibe izinkulungwane eziyi-100 km. Kodwa ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha asezingeni eliphansi noma ukwephulwa kwezikhathi zokushintsha kwawo, impilo yesevisi iyancipha, ngakho-ke kuvame ukudingekile ukushintsha izimpawu ze-valve ngemva kwe-50-90 km eyizinkulungwane. Uma umshini ungasebenzi iminyaka eminingana, khona-ke i-valve stem seal yoma futhi ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenzisa umshini, udinga ukuyibuyisela.

• Yiziphi izimpawu ze-valve stem seal eziphukile?

  Iqiniso lokuthi ama-valve seal agugile ngokuvamile aboniswa yizimpawu ezi-3 eziyisisekelo:

  • intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ephuma ku-exhaust kanye nentamo yokugcwalisa uwoyela ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kuze kube yilapho injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ifudumala futhi lapho i-gas pedal icindezelwa kanzima;
  • umule kawoyela kuma-spark plug;
  • ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwamafutha.

• Unganquma kanjani ukuthi amaringi noma ama-valve stem seal ayavuza?

  Iziphetho ezithile zingafinyelelwa kusimo se-exhaust, njengoba injini evuthayo yangaphakathi iyabhema lapho ama-valve stem seal egugile kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqala kanye nokuphinda kukhishwe. Ngokuhamba ngokuthula, ngokuvamile akukho ntuthu. udinga futhi ukuhlola ukuphefumula: intuthu ephuma kuyo ngokuvamile ikhombisa inkinga nge-CPG, noma uhlelo lokungenisa umoya oluvalekile lwe-crankcase. Lapho izindandatho zigqokwa, intuthu kanye nephunga lamafutha ashisiwe kuyoba njalo.

• Ngabe izikhonkwane ze-valve stem zingalungiswa?

  Kungenzeka ukubuyisela ukunwebeka kwezimpawu ze-valve ngosizo lwezimpahla zamakhemikhali zanamuhla ezizenzakalelayo. Kukhona izithasiselo zikawoyela, njenge-Liqui Moly Oil Verlust Stop, ezibuyisela izakhiwo zama-valve stem seal nezinye izimpawu futhi ziqede ukuvuza kwazo.