Izinguquko emakethe yomhlaba wonke yokwakha imikhumbi nasezindaweni zemikhumbi zaseYurophu
Ingabe ushintsho kunqubomgomo yokuthunyelwa kwezikhali kuzokwenza i-Japan ibe umdlali obalulekile emakethe yokwakha umkhumbi? Ukwandiswa kombutho wasolwandle wasekhaya ngokuqinisekile kuzofaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwezindawo zemikhumbi kanye nezinkampani ezisebenzisana nazo.
Cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, isikhundla somkhakha wokwakha imikhumbi waseYurophu emakethe yokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi yamazwe ngamazwe kwabonakala kunzima ukubekela inselele. Kodwa-ke, inhlanganisela yezinto ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa. ukudluliswa kobuchwepheshe ngezinhlelo zokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe noma ukusatshalaliswa kwemali ngokwendawo kanye nokufunwa kwemikhumbi emisha kubangele ukuthi nakuba sisengasho ukuthi amazwe aseYurophu angabaholi bezimboni, singabona imibuzo eminingi mayelana nalesi simo nabadlali abasha.
Umkhakha wokwakha imikhumbi yesimanje yokulwa uyingxenye engajwayelekile kakhulu yemakethe yezikhali yomhlaba wonke, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi. Okokuqala, futhi kulokho okungase kubonakale kusobala, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunemiphumela ebalulekile, ihlanganisa izimboni ezimbili eziqondile, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwethonya elinamandla lamandla ombuso, ezempi kanye nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi. Ezimweni zamanje, izinhlelo zokwakha imikhumbi zivame ukwenziwa izinkampani ezikhethekile zokwakha imikhumbi ezigxile ekukhiqizeni okukhethekile (isibonelo, i-Naval Group), amaqembu okwakha imikhumbi anokukhiqiza okuxubile (isibonelo, i-Fincantieri) noma amaqembu ezikhali afaka phakathi izindawo zemikhumbi (isibonelo, i-BAE). Amasistimu). . Le modeli yesithathu kancane kancane iba ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Kuzo zonke lezi zinketho, indima yendawo yemikhumbi (eqondwa njengesitshalo esibhekene nokwakha nokuhlomisa isiteji) iyancipha izinkampani ezibhekene nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi nezikhali.
Okwesibili, inqubo yokuklama nokwakha amayunithi amasha ibonakala ngezindleko eziphakeme zamayunithi, isikhathi eside kusukela ekuthathweni kwesinqumo (kodwa futhi isikhathi eside impela sokusebenza okwalandela) kanye nohlu olubanzi lwamakhono ezinhlangano zebhizinisi ezihilelekile kuyo yonke inqubo. . Ukubonisa lesi simo, kufanelekile ukucaphuna uhlelo oludumile lwamafrigate aseFranco-Italian ohlobo lwe-FREMM, lapho izindleko zeyunithi yomkhumbi zingama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-500, isikhathi esivela ku-keel-laying kuya ekuthumeni cishe iminyaka emihlanu, futhi phakathi kwezinkampani ezibamba iqhaza kulolu hlelo, kunemidondoshiya yemboni yezikhali efana noLeonardo, MBDA noma uThales. Kodwa-ke, impilo yesevisi engenzeka yalolu hlobo lwemikhumbi okungenani iminyaka engu-30-40. Izici ezifanayo zingatholakala kwezinye izinhlelo zokuthola izimpi zangaphandle ezinezinjongo eziningi - endabeni yemikhumbi-ngwenya, lezi zibalo zingase zibe phezulu nakakhulu.
Amazwi angenhla abhekisela ikakhulukazi emikhunjini yempi futhi kancane kancane ezingxenyeni ezisizayo, ukusekelwa kwempahla kanye nokwesekwa kokulwa, nakuba ikakhulukazi amaqembu amabili okugcina aye abhekana noshintsho oluphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva, okwandisa ubuhle bawo bezobuchwepheshe - futhi ngaleyo ndlela baye basondela eduze imininingwane yeyunithi yokulwa ye-manning.
Umbuzo okufanele ubuzwe lapha ngothi kungani imikhumbi yesimanje ibiza kangaka futhi kudla isikhathi ukuyithenga? Impendulo kubo, eqinisweni, ilula kakhulu - iningi lazo lihlanganisa lezi zakhi (izikhali, izinhlelo ezicitshwayo ezihlaselayo nezivikelayo, izimayini, ama-radar nezinye izindlela zokutholwa, kanye nokuxhumana, ukuzulazula, ukuyala nokulawula kanye nezinhlelo zokuzivikela ezingenzi lutho. ). baphathe inqwaba yezingcezu zemishini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umkhumbi ubuye ufakwe izinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kuphela endaweni yasolwandle, njenge-torpedoes noma iziteshi ze-sonar, futhi ngokuvamile uguqulelwe ukuthatha izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapulatifomu ezindizayo. Konke lokhu kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo zokusebenza kwe-offshore futhi kungene endaweni yobukhulu obulinganiselwe. Umkhumbi kufanele unikeze izimo ezinhle zokuphila zabasebenzi kanye nokuzimela okwanele ngenkathi ugcina ukuhamba okuphezulu kanye nesivinini, ngakho-ke ukuklama kwesikhulumi sawo kunzima kakhulu kunesimo somkhumbi ovamile womphakathi. Lezi zici, nakuba mhlawumbe zingaphelele, zibonisa ukuthi umkhumbi wempi wesimanje ungenye yezinhlelo zezikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
