Imikhumbi yempi yase-Italy 1860-1905

I-Sicily ngesivinini esigcwele ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kolwandle. Isithombe ngu-Conti Vecchi/NHHC

I-France ne-Italy babe nobuhlobo obuhle phakathi noMbuso Wesibili. Kwakungenxa yenqubomgomo enekhono yaseParis ukuthi kwakungenzeka ukuhlanganisa i-Italy njengengxenye yenqubomgomo emelene ne-Austrian. Futhi eFrance, imikhumbi yokuqala yempi yase-Italy yohlobo lwe-Formidabile (iwele likaTerribile), uRegina Maria Pia (iwele lika-Ancona, uCastelfidardo noSan Martin) kanye ne-armored corvette Palestro (I, iwele "Varese"). Le mikhumbi yakha umnyombo wemikhumbi yase-Italy phakathi nempi ne-Austria ngo-1866. Ukuhleleka kwalezi zingxenye phesheya kwakuwumphumela wenqubomgomo ye-pro-French kanye nokuntuleka kwesizinda sayo sezimboni.

Lapho iFrance, ngemva kokunqotshwa kweMpi Yezwe ka-1870-1871, iqala ukubuyisela imikhumbi yayo, lezi zenzo azizange zidlule i-Italy. Ngemva kwenkathi yobungane obuhlobene, womabili la mazwe aba nobutha komunye nomunye, ngenxa yokwanda eNyakatho Afrika.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sashintsha lapho amaPapa States ethathwa ngo-1870, i.e. IRoma nezindawo ezizungezile. Kusukela ngo-1864, amasosha aseFrance aye amiswa lapha ukuze avikele isimo esikhona kulesi sifunda sase-Italy, njengoba uMbusi uNapoleon III ngokwakhe athembisa uPapa uPius IX. Lapho impi nePrussia iqala, amasosha ahoxiswa, futhi amaNtaliyane angena endaweni yawo. Lesi senzo samukelwa ngenzondo eParis, futhi ukusabela kwaba izithunywa eziya eCivitavecchia, ichweba eliseduze neRoma, le-frigate eseceleni i-L'Orénoque (eyakhiwa ngo-1848). Ukuthunyelwa kwalo mkhumbi kwakuyisenzo sezombangazwe nje, njengoba wawungenakuphikisa wonke umkhumbi wamaNtaliyane, owawuhlelelwe lesi senzakalo ngokukhethekile. AmaFulentshi ayelungiselela amasu esenzo esikhudlwana (ngokuhlanganyela kwemikhumbi yempi), kodwa ngemva kokunqotshwa empini nePrussia neziyaluyalu zezombangazwe zasekhaya, akekho owakhumbula uMbuso Wesonto eParis. Ngandlela-thile, umbuzo wakhe waphakama izikhathi eziningana ebudlelwaneni base-Italian-French futhi waxazululwa kuphela kuma-20s.

Nokho, lesi senzo esinonya sakhunjulwa amaNtaliyane. Akazange abonise kuphela ukuzimisela kwamaFulentshi, kodwa futhi nobuthakathaka bokuzivikela kwe-Italy. Kwaqaphela ukuthi uma kwenzeka kufika eNhlonhlweni yase-Apennine, ngeke kube namandla anele okuxosha isitha. Amabutho ase-Italy ayemiswe e-Taranto eningizimu ye-Italy awakwazanga ukuvikela ugu olude kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo ezintsha zemikhumbi nezinqaba zasogwini nakho bekuyinkinga, njengoba ekuqaleni ibingekho imali yalokhu.

Ngama-80 kuphela isisekelo esiqinile esakhiwe eLa Maddalena (idolobhana elincane eqenjini leziqhingi ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeSardinia). Izinsiza zokuqinisa ezinye izisekelo, njengeLa Spezia, zazingekho futhi zazisengozini kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekuhlaselweni kwe-torpedo. Isimo asizange sibe ngcono ngamanethi nama-boom pen.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhumbi yaseFrance yayinamandla amakhulu kakhulu okuthuthukiswa kunamabutho e-Regia Marina. Nokho, eFrance, inkinga yezimali zomphakathi yazenza yazwakala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaJalimane akhokhwa isinxephezelo esikhulu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakudingeka ukuvuselela amabutho aphansi ngokushesha, njengoba ayesele ngemuva kwebutho lamaPrussia, bese kusukela ebuthweni lasebukhosini.

Isikhathi iFrance eyayisidinga “ukuzihlanganisa” ngokwaso ngokwezomnotho sasetshenziswa amaNtaliyane ukuze asondele eBrithani futhi ahehe abakhiqizi bendawo ababezobeka izisekelo zemboni yesimanje yensimbi namakhemikhali. Imikhumbi yeRoyal Navy nayo yayihlala ngezikhathi ezithile ezisekelweni zase-Italy, okwakugcizelela ukuxhumana okuhle kwawo womabili la mazwe nalokho okwabonwa eFrance njengesenzo esingenabungane (ukuhlangana phakathi kweLondon ne-Italy kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1892).