Ngakho, impi! I-Tesla: izakhi ze-cylindrical kuphela, 4680. I-Volkswagen: ama-elementi afanayo angama-rectangular

NgoSuku Lwebhethri ngo-Okthoba 2020, uTesla umemezele ukwakhiwa kwefomethi entsha ye-cylindrical cell, i-4680, ezovela maduze ohlwini lwezimoto. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kamuva, iVolkswagen yamemezela izixhumanisi ezijwayelekile ze-cuboid ezizoba yisisekelo cishe salo lonke iqembu, kuhlanganise namaloli.

IVolkswagen ibamba iqhaza, idala isiliphu seminyaka engu-2-3 kuphela uma iqhathaniswa neTesla

Uhlu lokuqukethwe

• IVolkswagen ibamba iqhaza, idala isiliphu seminyaka engu-2-3 kuphela uma iqhathaniswa neTesla
  • Kusho ukuthini konke lokhu ezithamelini ezijwayelekile?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli okwamanje asetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi:

• i-cylindrical (i-cylindrical shape) isetshenziswa kakhulu nguTesla,
• unxande (I-English prismatic), cishe evame kakhulu phakathi kwabakhiqizi bendabuko, wanquma ukukwenza Okukhathazeka Volkswagen ngaphakathi "kweseli elilodwa",
• isikhwama (isikhwama), okuvela lapho into ebaluleke kakhulu “ukukhama” umthamo webhethri omningi ngangokunokwenzeka emgudwini othile.

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezinzuzo kanye nokubi: i-cylindrical zazike zazidume kakhulu (ezisetshenziswa kumakhamera namalaptop), ngakho uTesla noPanasonic bakhethekile kuzo. Baphinde baqinisekise izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha. Isikhwama bavumela ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu ukuba kufezwe, kodwa abaklami kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi bangakwazi ukwandisa kakhulu ivolumu njengoba bengenakho ukuvuleka kokukhipha noma yimaphi amagesi angenzeka. Ama-Cuboids lokhu okuqukethwe kwezikhwama esimweni esinzima, indlela elula yokuwahlanganisa (isibonelo, kusuka kumabhulokhi) ibhethri esenziwe ngomumo, ngaphezu kwalokho, anamandla ngomshini.

I-Volkswagen isivele isebenzisa amaseli angama-rectangular, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ifomethi yabo okungenani ijwayele ukuklama imoto. Amaseli ahlanganisiwe kufanele avele okokuqala ngo-2023, futhi ngo-2030 kufanele afinyelele kumaphesenti angama-80 awo wonke amaseli asetshenzisiwe:

Amaseli amasha ngeke ahlelwe abe amamojula (kusuka kuseli kuye emaphaketheni), kanye nefomethi efanayo (ifomu) kufanele ibe nezinhlobo ezahlukene zekhemistri ngaphakathi:

• ezimotweni ezishibhe kakhulu bazokwenza Amaseli e-LFP (i-lithium iron phosphate)
• ngemikhiqizo eyinqwaba izosebenza amaseli aphezulu e-manganese (kanye ne-nickel)
• kumamodeli akhethiwe avele Amaseli e-NMC (i-nickel-manganese-cobalt cathodes),
• ... futhi ngaphezu kwabo, iVolkswagen iphinde ikhumbule amaseli e-electrolyte aqinile, njengoba inomnikazi we-25% wamasheya we-QuantumScape. Amaseli esimo esiqinile asevele avumela ukwanda okungama-30% ebangeni kanye nenkokhelo emizuzwini eyi-12 esikhundleni sama-20 (idatha esekelwe kuma-prototypes):

Ngokuqondene ne-anode, inkampani ayenzi noma yimiphi imibono, kodwa namuhla ihlola i-graphite nge-silicon. Manje ilukuluku: IPorsche Taycan ne-Audi e-tron GT banama-silicon anodengenxa yokuthi bangashajwa ngamandla amakhulu kangaka (okwamanje: afinyelela ku-270 kW).

Ekugcineni iVolkswagen ifuna ukusebenzisa izixhumanisi njengezakhi zesakhiwo semoto (iseli emshinini) futhi kubukeka sengathi amaseli ajwayelekile azolungiselelwa lokho. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuba iQembu lifinyelele kulesi sigaba, kufanele lidlule kulesi sigaba. ibhethri ngaphandle kwamamojula (iseli-kuya-pack) - umshini wokuqala owakhiwe ngale ndlela uzoba imodeli edalwe iphrojekthi ye-Artemis Audi... Kungenzeka ukuthi sizobona inguqulo yomqondo wale moto kakade ngo-2021.

Ibhethri le-modular. Uhlaka lwamathambo akhe luyizixhumanisi. Isinyathelo esilandelayo izixhumanisi ezingezona i-ballast, kodwa ingxenye yesakhiwo semoto - i-Volkswagen cell-to-car (c)

Ama-elementi amasha kungenzeka akhiqizwe kuwo wonke amafekthri ayi-6 iVolkswagen efuna ukuwaqala ngo-2030. (abanye nabalingani). Elokuqala elakhiwa ngabakwaNorthvolt lizokwakhiwa eSkelleftea, eSweden. Owesibili useSalzgitter (eJalimane, kusukela ngo-2025). Owesithathu uzoba seSpain, Portugal noma eFrance (kusukela ngo-2026). Ngo-2027, kufanele kwethulwe isitshalo eMpumalanga Yurophu, kuhlanganise nePoland., I-Czech Republic ne-Slovakia zamukele - akunasinqumo okwamanje. Akwaziwa futhi ukuthi izitshalo ezimbili zokugcina zizokwakhiwa kuphi.

Kusho ukuthini konke lokhu ezithamelini ezijwayelekile?

Ngokombono wethu inzuzo eyinhloko yamaseli ahlangene ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zokukhiqiza... Njengoba azoba yindawo yonke, ama-automatics alungiselelwe ngendlela efanayo azokwazi ukusebenza kuzo zonke izitshalo zokukhathazeka. Ilabhorethri eyodwa yocwaningo yanele uhlobo olulodwa lwamakhemikhali. Kuphelele mhlawumbe dlulisela kumanani aphansi ezimoto zikagesi.

Futhi noma lokho kungenzeki, i-Tesla, iVolkswagen, i-Audi ne-Skoda bazokwazi ukufaka ingcindezi yentengo kuyo yonke imakethe. Ngoba ukusebenzisa abahlinzeki bangaphandle (bona iHyundai, BMW, Daimler,…) njalo kusho ukuguquguquka okuncane kanye nezindleko eziphakeme.

Ukuvula isithombe: isixhumanisi esihlanganisiwe se-Volkswagen prototype (c) Volkswagen

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