Umlando Webhayisikili Logesi - i-Velobecane - Ibhayisikili likagesi

Umlando webhayisikili likagesi

Futuristic, yesimanje kanye izinguquko i-bycicle kagesi wenze intuthuko emangalisayo eminyakeni yamuva. Ilungele abagibeli bamabhayisikili babo bonke ubudala, kusukela kwabancane kuya kwabadala, abafuna ukuzigcina beqinile.

Le i-bycicle kagesi inikeza izinzuzo ezimangalisayo ngaphezu kwebhayisikili yakudala. Yingakho ama-brand amaningi manje esethatha ukwakheka kwawo. Ngokwezibalo, lena ngenye yezimoto ezithandwa kakhulu njengamanje, ngakho-ke sinentshisekelo yokufuna ukwazi umlando wayo wangempela.

Uma ungumlandeli i-bycicle kagesi, ukuhlola umlando walesi sithuthuthu se-avant-garde ngokuqinisekile kuzokuthakasela. Uma kunjalo, ake sithole ngaphandle kokulibala kulesi sihloko mayelana ne-Velobecane indaba egcwele. i-bycicle kagesi.

Umsuka webhayisikili likagesi

История i-bycicle kagesi yaqala ngo-1895 e-United States. Umsunguli walo, u-Odgen Bolton, uqhamuke nombono wokwenza imodeli "yebhayisikili elibhalansi" elinamasondo amabili asemgqeni futhi elingenamaphedali.

Lesi ngesokuqala ngqa i-bycicle kagesi kwase kuba khona imodeli enelungelo lobunikazi. Yayifakwe ibhethri elingu-10V elifakwe ngaphansi kweshubhu lozimele eliphezulu kanye nenjini engu-100 amp exhunywe esondweni elingemuva.

Ukubonakala kokuqala kwebhayisikili likagesi elinezinjini ezimbili

Eminyakeni emibili emva kokuqala i-bycicle kagesi inelungelo lobunikazi, ngo-1897 omunye waseMelika ogama lakhe linguHosea W. Libby wafaka ilungelo lobunikazi lesibili eyedwa Maye... Kulokhu, umphakathi uthola i-prototype ethuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, engenanjini eyodwa, kodwa izinjini ezimbili ezixhunywe ohlelweni lwenduku yokuxhuma. Umsunguli wayo wayiqamba ngokuthi "Lampociclo".

Ukuze uhluke kumodeli wokuqala, lokhu i-bycicle kagesi I-W axle izuze ekudluliselweni kwenkinobho yokuphusha.

История i-bycicle kagesi waqhubeka futhi wazi uguquko olumangalisayo ngo-1899. Ngaleso sikhathi, izwe lamabhayisikili lalibhekene nelokuqala i-bycicle kagesi motor nge friction technology. Idivayisi ingasebenza ngokuzimela kumathrekhi asezingeni futhi idinga ukusekelwa komgibeli wamabhayisikili lapho egibele imigqa yamanga nemithambeka.

Impumelelo yaba naphezu kwezinkinga ezithile zenjini. Eyakamuva yadla amafutha amaningi futhi yaklama amaningi awo. Le modeli igxekwe i-bycicle kagesi ungcole kakhulu. Abesifazane babengaqali ukumamukela, njengoba yayingcolisa izingubo zabo.

Funda futhi: Umhlahlandlela wokuthenga wokukhetha ibhayisikili likagesi elikulungele

Ukuphazanyiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-VAE

Uma kubhekwa intengo kawoyela kanye nomthelela emvelweni, i-bycicle kagesi yalahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwayo ngawo-1900. Khona-ke umphakathi waba nesithakazelo ezithuthuthuni, ezaqala ukugcwala emakethe. Izinga elifanayo ne i-bycicle kagesi, isithuthuthu siphinde sifakwe injini exhunywe esondweni langaphambili. Yayihlonishwa kakhulu ngokusebenza kwayo namandla amakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nayo i-bycicle kagesi.

Abantu abahola kancane kuphela, ababengakwazi ukuthenga imoto nesithuthuthu, bahlala bethembekile. i-bycicle kagesi... Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isithakazelo ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje ezinezimoto ezinikeza isivinini esiphezulu futhi kwaba yisizathu esikhulu sokwehla. Maye.

Ngakho, kwadlula iminyaka eminingana ngaphambi kokuba avele futhi. Ukushaqeka kukawoyela ngeminyaka yawo-70s kanye nokuvela kokunyakaza kwemvelo kwanikeza umfutho omusha ekukhiqizeni, ngokusho kocwaningo. i-bycicle kagesi.

I-VAE yokuqala "Yenziwe eJalimane"

История i-bycicle kagesi yayingagxilile e-United States kuphela. Amanye amazwe anjengeJalimane neNetherlands nawo abengabakhiqizi abakhethekile.

Ikakhulukazi, eJalimane, izwe likhiphe imodeli yalo yokuqala ngenkampani yakwaHeinzmann ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwakusekelwe emabhayisikili akhiqizwe ngobuningi ayehloselwe ikakhulukazi abathumeli ukuhlinzeka ngeposi.

I-Netherlands, kancane kancane eyaziwa ngokuthi amaphayona amabhayisikili kagesibabenesithakazelo ikakhulukazi emandleni emvelo alo mshini. Kubo, yindlela yokuthutha ethembisayo ezonciphisa ukungcola okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto.

Uhlobo lwe-Yamaha emlandweni webhayisikili kagesi

Ngemuva kwe-USA, Germany kanye neNetherlands i-bycicle kagesi eyaziwa e-Asia ngomkhiqizo waseJapan Yamaha. Siku-1993 lapho le nkampani yethula okokuqala i-bycicle kagesi... Lesi yisikhathi esisha esiqala ngoba u-Yamaha wayefuna ukubeka ubuchwepheshe emsebenzini wabasebenzisi bayo.

Ukunikezwa kwabe sekunwetshwa, futhi i-prototype ngayinye yagqama ngemininingwane eyengeziwe yobuchwepheshe nobuhle. Ukuze kwandiswe udumo lwayo, i-Yamaha yangena ebudlelwaneni namanye ama-brand afana ne-Honda, i-Suzuki, i-Panasonic, i-Sanyo, njalonjalo.Kwaba nokubambisana okuqinile okwanikeza umkhiqizo ophelile ubuntu bangempela.

Funda futhi: I-e-bike isebenza kanjani?

Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuhlukahlukene obusetshenziswa ku-pedal

Njengoba wazi, umehluko phakathi kwebhayisikili yakudala ne i-bycicle kagesi ukuba khona kwezingxenye zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-motor, i-amplifier kagesi nebhethri.

Kusukela ekuqaleni komlando, owokuqala i-bycicle kagesi yayisivele inikezwe ibhethri engu-10V, eyafakwa kuhlaka. Nakuba indawo bekungeyona indinganiso eyinhloko, ubuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe sebuvele buvuse isithakazelo sabakhiqizi abaningi. Futhi kufanele ngisho ukuthi yashintsha isuka kwenye imodeli iye kwenye.

Eqinisweni, abakhiqizi bahlole ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bezama ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi engasebenza kangcono kumfanekiso webhayisikili ngamunye nokuthi iyiphi enganelisa izidingo zabasebenzisi.

- Ibhethri le-Nimcho noma i-Nimcho-Metal Hybrid

Leli bhethri laqala ukukhishwa ngo-1990 ukuze lithathe indawo yebhethri ye-Ni-CD endala eyayibhekwa njengeyingozi kakhulu emvelweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwalobu buchwepheshe obusha kuye kwatuswa ngoba akunawo umthelela wenkumbulo, kunikeza ukuminyana kwamandla okuhle futhi kugcina kalula izinguquko zamandla kagesi.

Nakuba kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile kulokhu, abakhiqizi amabhayisikili kagesi kuyaqabukela ukuyifaka kuma-prototypes amasha. Ukuba khona kwe-potassium hydroxide kwenza leli bhethri libe yingozi. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kuphephe kakhulu futhi ekupheleni kokusebenziseka kwayo kufanele kugaywe kabusha okukhulu.

- Ibhethri elishajekayo i-LiFePO4 noma i-lithium phosphate

Okokuqala amabhayisikili kagesi ubone ukusetshenziswa kwebhethri ye-LiFePO4. Yaziswa ngokukhethekile ngenxa yokuqina kwayo nekhono lokugwema ingozi yomlilo. Phakathi kobuthakathaka bayo, abacwaningi bathola ukuminyana kwamandla okuphansi kakhulu nokusebenza okulinganiselwe.

Eminyakeni embalwa nje yokusetshenziswa, ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate selithathelwe indawo amabhethri asindayo namakhulu.

- I-PB noma ibhethri eliholayo

Amabhethri e-lead acid aqala ukugcwala emakethe ngeminyaka yawo-2000s. amabhayisikili kagesi akhiqizwa ngalesi sikhathi ahlonyiswe ngakho. Okwamanje, lolu hlobo lwebhethri lusasetshenziswa kabanzi ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukusebenza amabhayisikili kagesi yesimanje. Yaziswa kakhulu ngokuthembeka kwayo, izingxenye ezishibhile, intengo ethengekayo, amandla aphezulu okusebenza kahle, ubude besikhathi sempilo, kanye nokusebenziseka kabusha kokuphela kwempilo.

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, amabhethri e-lead acid kancane kancane alahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwawo. Saqala ukuyisebenzisa kancane ngenxa yomphumela wayo wenkumbulo, ukuzwela kwayo emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukulahlekelwa kwayo okukhulu kokuzimela futhi ikakhulukazi isisindo sayo esimangalisayo esingu-10 kg. Lesi sisindo asikwenzi kube lula kubagibeli bamabhayisikili, njengoba kuzodingeka baqunge isibindi sokuhamba ngebhayisikili elisindayo elinebhethri elisinda ngokweqile.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amabhayisikili kagesi Izinsiza zebhethri le-lead acid azifaneleki ukuthola uxhaso olunikezwa iziphathimandla zendawo nombuso. Uma abathengi abasha amabhayisikili kagesi ungathanda ukuba umamukeli webhonasi Maye, khona-ke lapho uthenga kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabanga ngokukhetha kwebhethri.

- Ibhethri ye-Li-ion noma i-Li-ion

Kusukela ngomhlaka 2003 amabhayisikili kagesi thola ibhethri ye-lithium-ion noma i-lithium-ion. Imodeli yokuqala yebhayisikili enaleli bhethri yaqala ukuvela eYurophu kulo nyaka.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke amanye amabhethri, ibhethri ye-lithium ion ingcono kakhulu kuwo wonke. Ayinawo umthelela wenkumbulo futhi inikeza impilo ende yesevisi. Ilula futhi iyazikhulula kancane. Ukuminyana kwayo okuphezulu kakhulu namandla athile aphezulu nakho kungenye yezinzuzo zayo eziningi.

Mayelana namabhonasi ebhayisikili, amabhayisikili kagesi ifakwe ibhethri ye-lithium-ion ingazuza kulokhu, okungenakushiwo ngakho Maye ngebhethri le-asidi yomthofu.

Funda futhi: Ukugibela ibhayisikili likagesi | 7 izinzuzo zezempilo

Ukuthengisa ama-e-bikes: impumelelo engangabazeki

История i-bycicle kagesi manje sekuyisenzo esingakaze sibonwe. Ukuthengisa kuyaqhubeka nokukhula unyaka nonyaka. Amazwekazi aseYurophu nase-Asia aqala ukusetshenziswa kwalo mshini wemvelo.

Ngokusho kokuvota, eChina kuphela i-bycicle kagesi ingenye yamasondo amabili asetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezinkulu zasemadolobheni. Kusukela ngo-2006 ukukhiqizwa amabhayisikili kagesi iyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi ibhalise amayunithi afinyelela ezigidini ezintathu.

Ngo-2010, i-China yaba ngumkhiqizi ohamba phambili we i-bycicle kagesi emhlabeni. Omasipala kanye nohulumeni kazwelonke baze basungula uchungechunge lwenani oluhambisana nokukhiqizwa nokudayiswa kwalo mshini. Ngo-2013, i-China ayizange ibe yizwe lokukhiqiza kuphela kodwa futhi izwe elithumela kwamanye amazwe amabhayisikili kagesi.

Ezwekazini laseYurophu futhi ikakhulukazi eFrance, ukudayiswa i-bycicle kagesi lenyuke izikhathi ezingama-25 eminyakeni eyi-10. Amayunithi we-10.000 2007 akhiqizwa ku-255.000 uma kuqhathaniswa namayunithi we-2017 XNUMX ngonyaka we-XNUMX. Ngaphandle kweNetherlands, ekade ikhona emlandweni kusukela ekuqaleni, namanye amazwe anjengeSwitzerland ne-United Kingdom nawo aseqala uku-oda. amabhayisikili kagesi e-Asia.

Ngo-2020, i-EU yangenisa amabhayisikili kagesi afinyelela kwangu-273.900. Lezi zibonelo zivela ngqo eTaiwan, Vietnam naseChina. Amazwe amaningi ikakhulukazi athanda amabhayisikili kagesi Kwenziwe eshayina. Le mikhiqizo inikeza ukusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, izindleko eziphansi. Kudemo i-bycicle kagesi Idizayinelwe e-China, ingahamba ibanga elingafika ku-100 km ngokushajwa kwebhethri elilodwa. Ezinye izinhlobo zigcina ku-20 km/h kanti ezinye zigcina ku-45 km/h.

Le i-bycicle kagesi ngakho-ke, inekusasa elithembisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamasu amasha asetshenziswa emazweni amaningi ukulwa nokungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nokwamukelwa kokunye okuhlukile kwezimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zalolu hlobo kuthembisa ukusabalala nakakhulu.

Funda futhi: Kungani ukugoqa amabhayisikili kagesi kukuhle?

Ezinye izinsuku ezibalulekile emlandweni webhayisikili likagesi

Uma ungumlandeli i-bycicle kagesiKuhlale kubalulekile ukwazi izinsuku ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ukuze ucebise ulwazi lwakho. Nazi ezimbalwa:

- - 3000 BC: Isondo lokuqala lebhayisikili lenziwa eMesopotamiya.

- 1818: UmFulentshi uLouis-Joseph Diener wafaka ilungelo lobunikazi "lebhayisikili" elibizwa ngokuthi uBaron Dreis.

- 1855: IFrance ithola ibhayisikili lokuqala elihamba ngezinyawo, elethulwa nguPierre Michaud.

- 1895: Ukukhiqizwa kweyokuqala i-bycicle kagesi U-Ogden Bolton Jr.

- 1897: UHosea W. Libby ufaka ilungelo lobunikazi lesibili le i-bycicle kagesi ngezinjini ezimbili

- 1899: Ukwakhiwa kweyokuqala amabhayisikili kagesi enenjini yokushayisana ethayini.

- 1929 - 1950: Isikhathi sangemva kwenhlekelele esasivuna kakhulu amasondo amabili kagesi.

- 1932: Uhlobo olukhulu lwe-Philips luthengisa ibhayisikili i-Simplex

- 1946: Ukusungulwa kokuqala komshini nguTullio Compagnolo.

- 1993: Inkampani yaseJapan i-Yamaha yethula i-dial-drive electric bicycle motor.

- 1994: Ukwethulwa kweyokuqala Maye ngebhethri ye-NiCD njengejwayelekile ku-Hercules Electra

- 2003: Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwebhethri ye-lithium ku amabhayisikili kagesi... Kulo nyaka kuphinde kuphawule ukwethulwa kwebhayisikili lokuqala likagesi elinohlaka lwekhabhoni, elinenjini yePanasonic nebhethri le-NimH.

- 2009: I-Bosch ingena emakethe amabhayisikili kagesi bethula izinhlelo zabo zokuqala zikagesi

- 2015: I-Pragma Industries isungula ibhayisikili lokuqala le-hydrogen.