Umlando wohlobo lwemoto i-ZAZ

IZaporozhye Automobile Building Plant (isifinyezo i-ZAZ) ibhizinisi lokukhiqizwa kwezimoto, elakhiwa ngesikhathi seSoviet endaweni yase-Ukraine edolobheni laseZaporozhye. IVector yokukhiqiza igxile ezimotweni, emabhasini nasemavans.

Kunezinguqulo eziningana zokwakha isitshalo:

Esokuqala sincike ekutheni ekuqaleni kwakhiwa isitshalo okwakunguchwepheshe wokukhiqiza imishini yezolimo. Le nkampani yasungulwa ngusomabhizinisi waseDashi u-Abraham Coop ngo-1863.

Kokwehluka kwesibili, usuku lwesisekelo luwela ku-1908 ngokusungulwa kweMelitopol Motor Plant, okwathi esikhathini esizayo kwaba umphakeli wamayunithi kagesi akhiqizwayo kuZAZ.

Inketho yesithathu ihlobene no-1923, lapho inkampani esebenza ngemishini yezolimo i-Koopa ishintsha igama layo laba yi-Kommunar.

U-Nikita Khrushchov weza nombono wokuqala ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kulesi sitshalo. Ukukhishwa kokuqala kwezimoto kwakunobukhulu obuncane obufana "nombono weKhrushchev" ekufanekisweni kwamafulethi amancane angaleso sikhathi.

Kakade ekwindla ka-1958, uhulumeni wase-USSR wathatha isinqumo sokushintsha i-vector yokukhiqiza ye-Kommunar kusuka emishini yezolimo ekudalweni kwezimoto ezincane.

Inqubo yokwakha amamodeli ezimoto ezizayo isiqalile. Izimiso eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza kwakuyi-compactness, ukufuduka okuncane, ukulula nokukhanya kwemoto. Imodeli yenkampani yase-Italy iFiat yathathwa njengesibonelo semodeli yesikhathi esizayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwemoto kwaqala ngo-1956 futhi ngonyaka olandelayo kwakhululwa imodeli 444. I-Moskvich 444 edumile ihambisana cishe nazo zonke izici zemodeli ye-prototype. Ekuqaleni, imodeli kwakuhlelwe ukuba ihlanganiswe eMoscow plant MZMA, kodwa ngenxa yomthwalo osindayo, iphrojekthi idluliselwe ku-Kommunar.

Ngemva kweminyaka embalwa, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa enye imodeli subcompact, imoto ZAZ 965 yayidume isidlaliso "Humpbacked", ngenxa umzimba. Futhi emva kwakhe, imodeli eyodwa ZAZ 966 nayo yakhiqizwa, kodwa yabona umhlaba ngemva kweminyaka engu-6 kuphela ngenxa yokucabangela kwezomnotho kweziphathimandla, ezazikubheka njengokuphana okungacabangeki ukukhiqiza izimoto ngonyaka.

Ngokomlando, imodeli ngayinye entsha ekhishwe yahlolwa e-Kryml nguhulumeni, ngaleso sikhathi u-Nikita Khrushchev wayengusihlalo woMkhandlu Wezingqongqoshe. Kwesinye isenzakalo esinjalo, i-965 yaqanjwa ngokuthi "Zaporozhets".

Ngo-1963, kwaqanjwa umqondo wokuklama imoto encane enamasondo angaphambili. Umhleli walo mbono kwakungunjiniyela uVladimir Stoshenko futhi amamodeli ambalwa akhiqizwa eminyakeni embalwa. Futhi, ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto, ukukhiqizwa kwamaveni namaloli kwaqala.

Ngo-1987 i-"Tavria" edumile yabona umhlaba.

Ngemuva kokuwa kwe-USSR, izinkinga zezimali zaqala ngo-ZAZ. Kwanqunywa ukuthi kutholwe umaqondana enkampanini yangaphandle futhi bahlele inkampani yabo. Ukubambisana noDaewoo kwaba yisikhathi esibalulekile emlandweni wenkampani. Futhi ZAZ waqala ukuhlanganisa amamodeli le nkampani ngaphansi kwelayisense.

Futhi ngo-2003, kwenzeka izenzakalo ezimbili ezibalulekile: inkampani yashintsha uhlobo lwayo lobunikazi futhi manje yaba yi-CJSC Zaporozhye Automobile Building Plant kanye nesiphetho senkontileka nenkampani yezimoto yaseJalimane i-Opel.

Lokhu kusebenzisana kube nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni izimoto, njengoba kuvule ukufinyelela kubuchwepheshe obusha obuvela enkampanini yaseJalimane. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ithuthuke kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zeDaewoo ne-Opel, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zokukhathazeka kwe-KIA kwaqala ngo-2009.

Ngo-2017, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kwamiswa, kepha ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezingasebenzi akuzange kume. Futhi ngo-2018 wamenyezelwa njengongenamali.

Umsunguli

IZaporozhye Automobile Building Plant yadalwa ngabaphathi be-USSR.

Isifanekiselo

Isibonakaliso seZAZ sine-oval enefreyimu yensimbi yesiliva, ngaphakathi kwayo kunemigqa emibili yensimbi ephuma phansi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwe-oval kuya kwesokudla. Ekuqaleni, uphawu lwethulwa njengokwenziwa samuntu kwesiteshi samandla kagesi seZaporozhye.

Umlando wezimoto zeZAZ

Ekwindla ka-1960, i-ZAZ yakhipha imodeli ye-ZAZ 965. Ukuqala komzimba kwamlethela udumo ngesiteketiso esithi "Hunchback".

Ngo-1966, kwaqhamuka i-ZAZ 966 enomzimba we-sedan onenjini engu-30 yamahhashi, ngemuva kwesikhashana kwaba khona inguqulo eguquliwe efakwa iyunithi yamandla ka-40-amahhashi, ekwazi ukusheshisa kuze kufike ku-125 km / h.

I-ZAZ 970 kwakuyiloli eline-lift encane. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi, kwakhiqizwa iveni engu-970B kanye nemodeli engu-970 V, ikhumbi enezihlalo eziyisi-6.

Imoto yokugcina "yasekhaya" enenjini etholakala endaweni engemuva yayiyimodeli ye-ZAZ 968M. Umklamo wemoto wawuphelelwe yisikhathi futhi ulula kakhulu, owabiza imodeli phakathi kwabantu "Soapbox".

Ngo-1976, kwasungulwa i-sedan edonsa ngamasondo angaphambili futhi kwasungulwa imoto eyi-hatchback enamasondo onke. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zaba yisisekelo sokudalwa kwe "Tavria".

Ngo-1987 kwakuyi-debut ye-"Tavria" efanayo kumodeli ye-ZAZ 1102, enomklamo omuhle kanye nenani lesabelomali.

1988 yaklanywa "Slavta" ngesisekelo "Tavria", ifakwe umzimba sedan.

Ngezidingo zefektri, ukuguqulwa kwemodeli 1991 M - 968 PM kwakhiqizwa ngo-968, ifakwe umzimba weloli ngaphandle kwekhebhu yangemuva.

Ukubambisana noDaewoo kuholele ekukhishweni kwamamodeli afana neZAZ 1102/1103/1105 (Tavria, Slavuta, Dana).

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

IZAZ 2021 ikhiqiza ini? Ngo-2021, i-Zaporizhia Automobile Plant izokhiqiza amabhasi amasha esifundeni, futhi izokhiqiza ibhasi le-ZAZ A09 "i-suburban". Okungavamile kwaleli bhasi enjinini kanye nokudluliselwa okuvela kwaMercedes-Benz.

IZAZ ikhiqiza ziphi izimoto? Lesi sitshalo saqala ukuhlanganisa iLada Vesta, i-X-Ray neLargus. Ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli amasha e-ZAZ kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamabhasi, ama-crossovers ase-French Renault Arkana ahlangene esitshalweni.

I-ZAZ ivalwe nini? Imoto yokugcina yasekhaya enenjini yangemuva ye-ZAZ-968M yakhululwa ngo-1994 (Julayi 1). Ngo-2018, lesi sitshalo sayeka ukuhlanganisa izimoto zase-Ukraine. Ama-workshops aqashwe abakhiqizi abahlukene ukuze bahlanganise amamodeli ahlukene.