Umlando wohlobo lwemoto yakwaSubaru
Lezi zimoto zaseJapan ziphethwe yiSubaru Corporation. Le nkampani ikhiqiza izimoto zombili ezimakethe zabathengi nezinjongo zokuhweba.
Umlando weFuji Heavy Industries Ltd., ophawu lwayo lokuthengisa iSubaru, uqala emuva ngo-1917. Kodwa-ke, umlando wezimoto uqale nje ngo-1954. Onjiniyela bakwaSubaru bakha uhlobo olusha lomzimba wemoto iP-1. Mayelana nalokhu, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi kukhethwe igama lomkhiqizo omusha wemoto ngokuncintisana. Izinketho eziningi zacatshangelwa, kepha yi- "Subaru" engeyomsunguli nenhloko ye-FHI Kenji Kita.
ISubaru isho ukuhlanganiswa, ngokwezwi nezwi "ukuhlanganisa" (kusuka eJapan). Umlaza i- "Pleiades" ubizwa ngegama elifanayo. Kubonakale iChina ingokomfanekiso, ngakho-ke kwanqunywa ukushiya leli gama, ngoba ukukhathazeka kwe-HFI kwasungulwa ngenxa yokuhlangana kwezinkampani eziyisithupha. Inani lezinkampani lihambisana nenani lezinkanyezi zomlaza i- "Pleiades" ezingabonakala ngeso lenyama.
Umsunguli
Umqondo wokwenza enye yezimoto zokuqala zabagibeli bohlobo lweSubaru ungumsunguli nenhloko yeFuji Heavy Industries Ltd. - UKenji Kita. Unegama lomkhiqizo wemoto. Wabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni komzimba kweP-1 (Subaru 1500) ngo-1954.
EJapan, ngemuva kwempi, kwaba nenkinga kwezobunjiniyela, izinsiza ezingohlobo lwezinto zokusetshenziswa nophethiloli zazishoda kakhulu. Mayelana nalokhu, uhulumeni waphoqeleka ukuthi ashaye umthetho othi izimoto ezifika ku-360 cm ubude futhi ezinophethiloli ezingadluli ku-3,5 litres ngebanga le-100 km zikhokhiswa intela encane.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi uKita ngaleso sikhathi waphoqeleka ukuthenga imidwebo eminingana nezinhlelo zokwakhiwa kwezimoto ezivela ekukhathazeni kweFrance iRenault. Ngosizo lwabo, wakwazi ukudala imoto elungele indoda yaseJapan esitaladini, elungele imigqa yomthetho wentela. KwakunguSubaru 360 kusuka ngo-1958. Ngemuva kwalokho umlando omkhulu womkhiqizo weSubaru waqala.
Isifanekiselo
Uphawu lwakwaSubaru, ngokungajwayelekile, luphindaphinda umlando wegama lomkhiqizo wemoto, ohumusha ngokuthi i-constellation "Pleiades". Uphawu lukhombisa isibhakabhaka lapho i-constellation yePleiades ikhanya khona, equkethe izinkanyezi eziyisithupha ezingabonakala esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku ngaphandle kwesibonakude.
Ekuqaleni, i-logo yayingenayo ingemuva, kepha iboniswa njenge-oval yensimbi, engenalutho ngaphakathi, lapho izinkanyezi ezifanayo zensimbi zazikhona. Kamuva, abaklami baqala ukufaka umbala ngemuva kwesibhakabhaka.
Muva nje, kuthathwe isinqumo sokuphinda ngokuphelele uhlelo lwemibala yePleiades. Manje sibona okusaqanda ngombala wesibhakabhaka sasebusuku, lapho kuvela khona izinkanyezi ezimhlophe eziyisithupha, okudala umphumela wokukhanya kwazo.
Umlando wemoto kumamodeli
Kuwo wonke umlando wohlobo lwemoto iSubaru, kunezinguquko ezingaba ngu-30 eziyisisekelo nezicishe zibe yishumi ekuqoqweni kwamamodeli.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, amamodeli okuqala bekuyi-P-1 ne-Subaru 360.
Ngo-1961, kwasungulwa i-Subaru Sambar complex, eyenza amaveni okulethwa kwezimpahla, kwathi ngo-1965 kwandiswa ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezinkulu ezinolayini weSubaru 1000. Imoto ifakwe amasondo amane angaphambili, injini yamasilinda amane nomthamo ofinyelela ku-997 cm3. Amandla we-injini afinyelele ku-55 amahhashi. Lezi kwakuyizinjini zesibhakela, ezazisetshenziswa njalo emigqeni kaSubaru.
Lapho ukuthengisa emakethe yaseJapan kuqala ukukhula ngokushesha, uSubaru wanquma ukuqala ukuthengisa izimoto phesheya. Imizamo yokuthekelisa isuka eYurophu yaqala, kwathi kamuva yaya e-USA. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusungulwa iSubaru yaseMelika, Inc. ePhiladelphia ukuthekelisa iSubaru 360 iye eMelika. Umzamo awuphumelelanga.
Ngo-1969, inkampani yayithuthukisa ukuguqulwa okusha okusha kwamamodeli akhona, yethula iP-2 neSubaru FF emakethe. Ama-prototypes wemikhiqizo emisha yi-P-1 ne-Subaru 1000, ngokulandelana. Kumodeli yakamuva, onjiniyela bakhulisa ukufuduka kwenjini.
Ngo-1971, uSubaru wakhiqiza imoto yokuqala enamasondo amane emhlabeni, eyaheha isasasa elikhulu kubo bobabili abathengi kanye nochwepheshe bomhlaba. Le modeli kwakuyi-Subaru Leone. Imoto ithathe indawo yayo yokuhlonishwa endaweni lapho bekungekho mncintiswano khona. Ngo-1972, i-R-2 yabuyiselwa endaweni yayo. Esikhundleni sayo kufakwa iRex ngenjini engu-2-cylinder nomthamo ofinyelela ku-356 cc, ohambisana nokupholisa amanzi.
Ngo-1974, ukuthekelisa izimoto zaseLeone kwaqala ukuthuthuka. Bathengwa ngempumelelo naseMelika futhi. Inkampani ikhulisa umkhiqizo futhi iphesenti lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe likhula ngokushesha. Ngo-1977, ukulethwa kweSubaru Brat entsha kwaqala emakethe yezimoto zaseMelika. Ngo-1982, inkampani yaqala ukukhiqiza izinjini ezine-turbocharged.
Ngo-1983, ukukhiqizwa kwe-Sub-wheel drive yonke iSubaru Domingo kuyaqala.
Ngo-1984 kwaphawulwa ukukhishwa kwemodeli kaJusty, ifakwe i-electronic variator ECVT. Cishe ama-55% azo zonke izimoto ezikhiqizwayo athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Inani lezimoto ezikhiqizwa minyaka yonke lalingama-250 ayizinkulungwane.
Ngo-1985, i-supercar ephezulu yesupercar iSubaru Alcyone ingena enkundleni yomhlaba. Amandla enjini yaso eyisi-cylinder boxer ayisithupha angafinyelela ku-145 amandla wehhashi.
Ngo-1987, kukhishwe ukuguqulwa okusha kwe-Leone model, okwashintsha ngokuphelele umanduleli wayo emakethe. ISubaru Legacy isasebenza futhi iyafuneka kubathengi.
Kusukela ngo-1990, ukukhathazeka kweSubaru bekuthuthuka ngenkuthalo kwezemidlalo ye-rally neLifa kuye kwaba yintandokazi enkulu emiqhudelwaneni emikhulu.
Khonamanjalo, i-Subaru Vivio encane iza kubathengi. Uphinde waphuma ngephakethe "lezemidlalo".
Ngo-1992, ukukhathazeka kukhipha imodeli ye-Impreza, eba yisilinganiso sangempela semoto ye-rally. Lezi zimoto zifike ngokushintshwa okuhlukahlukene ngamasayizi ahlukahlukene wezinjini nezakhi zemidlalo zesimanje.
Ngo-1995, ngemuva kwesimo esivele siphumelele, uSubaru wethule imoto kagesi iSambar EV.
Ngokukhishwa kwemodeli yeForester, abaguquleli bazame isikhathi eside ukunikeza ukuhlukaniswa kwale moto, ngoba ukumiswa kwayo kufana nento efana nayo yonke i-sedan ne-SUV. Enye imodeli entsha yaqala ukudayiswa futhi yathatha indawo yeVivio ngeSubaru Pleo. Iphinde futhi ibe yiMoto Yonyaka yaseJapan.
Emuva ngo-2002, abashayeli babona futhi bayijabulela iveni entsha yeBaja, ngokuya ngomqondo we-Outback. Izimoto zakwaSubaru sezikhiqizwa emafemini ayi-9 emhlabeni jikelele.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo:
Ibheji ye-Subaru ifanekiselani? Leli yiqoqo lenkanyezi yePleiades, elitholakala kumlaza weTaurus. Uphawu olunjalo lufanekisela ukwakheka komzali nezinkampani ezingaphansi.
Lisho ukuthini igama elithi Subaru? Kusukela ku-Japanese, igama lihunyushwa ngokuthi "odade abayisikhombisa." Leli igama leqoqo le-Pleiades M45. Nakuba izinkanyezi ezingu-6 zibonakala kuleli qoqo, eyesikhombisa empeleni ayibonakali.
Kungani i-Subaru inezinkanyezi eziyisi-6? Inkanyezi enkulu kunazo zonke imele inkampani engumzali (i-Fuji Heavy Industries), kuyilapho ezinye izinkanyezi ezinhlanu zimelela izinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo, kuhlanganise ne-Subaru.
