Umlando wohlobo lwemoto iSkoda

I-automaker iSkoda ingenye yemikhiqizo edume kakhulu emhlabeni ekhiqiza izimoto zabagibeli nama-crossovers aphakathi nendawo. Indlunkulu yenkampani itholakala eMlada Boleslav, eCzech Republic.

Kuze kube ngo-1991, le nkampani yayiyi-conglomerate yezimboni, eyakhiwa ngo-1925, futhi kuze kube yileso sikhathi kwakuyimboni encane yaseLaurin & Klement. Namuhla uyingxenye ye-VAG (ukuthola eminye imininingwane ngeqembu, bheka ngokubuyekezwa okuhlukile).

Umlando weSkoda

Ukusungulwa kwe-automaker edumile emhlabeni kunesitatimende esincane esinqabile. Ikhulu lesi-XNUMX laliphela. Umthengisi wamabhuku waseCzech uVláclav Klement uthenga ibhayisikili langaphandle elibizayo, kepha kungekudala kwaba nezinkinga ngomkhiqizo, umenzi anqaba ukuwulungisa.

Ukuze "ajezise" umkhiqizi ongathembekile, uWłacław, kanye no-namesake wakhe, uLaurin (wayengumakhenikha owaziwayo kuleyo ndawo, futhi ikhasimende elijwayelekile lesitolo sezincwadi sikaClement) bahlela ukukhiqizwa okuncane kwamabhayisikili abo. Imikhiqizo yabo ibinemiklamo ehluke kancane futhi ibinokwethenjelwa kakhulu kunaleyo edayiswa yilabo abancintisana nabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ozakwethu banikeze iwaranti ephelele yemikhiqizo yabo ngokulungiswa kwamahhala uma kunesidingo.

Imboni yaqanjwa ngegama elithi Laurin & Klement, futhi yasungulwa ngo-1895. Amabhayisikili eSlavia aphuma esitolo somhlangano. Eminyakeni emibili nje kuphela, umkhiqizo wakhula kakhulu kangangokuba inkampani encane yayivele ikwazi ukuthola umhlaba nokuzakhela imboni yayo.

Lawa amatshe amakhulu omkhiqizi, kamuva angena emakethe yezimoto zomhlaba.

• 1899 - Inkampani yandisa ukukhiqizwa, iqala ukwakha izithuthuthu zayo, kepha ngezinhlelo zokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo.
• Ngo-1905 - kwavela imoto yokuqala yaseCzech, kodwa yayisakhishwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo weL & K. Imodeli yokuqala yabizwa ngeVoiturette. Ngesisekelo salo, ezinye izinhlobo zezimoto zakhiwa, kufaka phakathi amaloli ngisho namabhasi. Le moto ifakwe ezimbili-isilinda izinjini ezimise V. Injini ngayinye yapholisa amanzi. Imodeli ikhonjiswe emncintiswaneni wezimoto e-Austria, lapho ukunqoba kwatholakala esigabeni semoto yomgwaqo.
• 1906 - IVoiturette ithola injini eyi-4-cylinder, kwathi eminyakeni emibili kamuva imoto yafakwa i-8-cylinder ICE.
• Ngo-1907 - Ukuze kuhehwe imali eyengeziwe, kwathathwa isinqumo sokushintsha isimo senkampani sisuke enkampanini yangasese siye enkampanini yamasheya ehlanganyelwe. Ukukhiqizwa kwandiswe ngenxa yokuthandwa kwezimoto ezikhiqizwayo. Bajabulele impumelelo ethile emiqhudelwaneni yezimoto. Izimoto zibonise imiphumela emihle, ngenxa yokuthi umkhiqizo wakwazi ukubamba iqhaza emincintiswaneni esezingeni lomhlaba. Enye yamamodeli aphumelelayo avele ngalesi sikhathi kwakunguF. Okukhethekile emotweni ukuthi injini yayinomthamo wamalitha angu-2,4, namandla ayo afinyelela emandleni amahhashi angama-21. Uhlelo lokushisa ngamakhandlela, olusebenza kusuka ku-high voltage pulse, lwaluthathwa njengolukhethekile ngaleso sikhathi. Ngesisekelo sale modeli, kudalwe ukuguqulwa okuningana, ngokwesibonelo, i-omnibass, noma ibhasi elincane.
• 1908 - Ukukhiqizwa kwesithuthuthu kuncishisiwe. Ngawo lowo nyaka kukhishwe imoto yokugcina eyisilinda emibili. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zathola injini eyi-4-cylinder.
• 1911 - Ukuqala kokukhiqizwa kweModeli S, eyathola injini yamahhashi eyi-14.
• 1912 - Le nkampani ithatha umenzi wayo eReichenberg (manje eyiLiberec) - RAF. Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezilula, inkampani ibibandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwezinjini ezivamile, izinjini zezindiza, izinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo ezinezixhumi ngaphandle kwama-valve, imishini ekhethekile (amasondo) nemishini yezolimo (igeja elinama-motors).
• I-1914 - njengabakhiqizi abaningi bezinto zokusebenza ngomshini, inkampani yaseCzech iphinde yahlela kabusha izidingo zezempi zezwe. Ngemuva kokuhlukana kwe-Austria-Hungary, inkampani yaqala ukubhekana nobunzima bezezimali. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi labo ababengamakhasimende ejwayelekile baphelela phesheya, okwenza kwaba nzima ukuthengisa imikhiqizo.
• 1924 - Lesi sitshalo sonakaliswe kabi ngumlilo omkhulu, lapho cishe yonke imishini yacekelwa phansi. Ngaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, inkampani iyalulama kule nhlekelele, kepha lokhu akuzange kuyisindise ekwehleni kancane kancane komkhiqizo. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukuncintisana okwandisiwe kusuka kubakhiqizi basekhaya - uTatra noPraga. Umkhiqizo ubudingeka ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo ezintsha zemoto. Le nkampani ibingakwazi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi yodwa, ngakho-ke kwenziwa isinqumo esibalulekile ngonyaka ozayo.
• 1925 - I-K & L AS iba yingxenye yokukhathazeka kweCzech iSkoda Automobile Plant AS ePlze сейчас (manje sekuyiSkoda Holding). Kusukela kulo nyaka, imboni yezimoto iqala ukukhiqiza izimoto ngaphansi komkhiqizo weSkoda. Manje indlunkulu isePrague, kanti isitshalo esiyinhloko sisePlzen.
• 1930 - Imboni yaseBoleslav iguqulwa yaba yi-ASAP (inkampani yamasheya ahlangene embonini yezimoto).
• 1930 - umugqa omusha wezimoto uvela, othola ifreyimu yomgogodla entsha. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwenzelwe ukungabi bikho kobunzima be-torsional yazo zonke izinhlobo zangaphambilini. Esinye isici salezi zimoto ukumiswa okuzimele.
• 1933 - Ukukhiqizwa kweStandart engu-420 kuqala. Ngenxa yokuthi imoto ingu-350 kg. ilula ukwedlula eyandulelayo, isibe namandla kakhulu futhi ilula ukusebenza, ithole ukuthandwa okuphezulu. Kamuva, imodeli yaqanjwa ngokuthi Idumile.
• 1934 - Kwethulwa iSuperb entsha.
• 1935 - Ukukhiqizwa kobubanzi obusheshayo kuqala.
• 1936 - Kwakhiwa omunye umugqa we-Favorit oyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yalokhu kuguqulwa okune, inkampani ithatha isikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwabenzi bezimoto baseCzechoslovakia.
• I-1939-1945 inkampani ishintshela ngokuphelele ekugcwaliseni ama-oda ezempi oMbuso Wesithathu. Ekupheleni kwempi, cishe amaphesenti angama-70 wezindawo zokukhiqiza zalo mkhiqizo abhujiswe ekuhlaselweni ngamabhomu.
• 1945-1960 - ICzechoslovakia iba izwe lobusoshiyali, futhi uSkoda wathola isikhundla esiphambili ekukhiqizeni izimoto. Esikhathini sempi yangemva kwempi, kwaphuma amamodeli amaningi aphumelele, njengeFelicia, UTudor (1200), I-Octavia neSpartak.
• Ukuqala kweminyaka yama-1960 kwaphawulwa ngokusilela ngemuva kwentuthuko yomhlaba, kepha ngenxa yenani lesabelomali, izimoto ziyaqhubeka nokufunwa hhayi eYurophu kuphela. Kukhona ngisho namaSUV amahle aseNew Zealand - iTrekka, nePakistan - iSkopak.
• 1987 - Ukukhiqizwa kwemodeli ye-Favorit ebuyekeziwe kuyaqala, okuholela ekutheni umkhiqizo uwele. Izinguquko kwezepolitiki kanye nokutshalwa kwemali okukhulu ekwakhiweni kwezinto ezintsha kuphoqe abaphathi balo mkhiqizo ukuthi bafune abalingani bangaphandle ukuze bahehe utshalomali oluningi.
• 1990 - I-VAG yakhethwa njengozakwethu othembekile wangaphandle. Ekupheleni kuka-1995, inkampani yabazali ithola amasheya omkhiqizo angama-70%. Yonke inkampani ithathwa ukukhathazeka ngo-2000, lapho amanye amasheya ethengwa.
• 1996 - I-Octavia ithola izibuyekezo eziningi, okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo ingxenyekazi eyenziwe yiVolkswagen. Ngenxa yezinguquko eziningi zokuthuthukisa izici zobuchwepheshe zemikhiqizo, imishini yomkhiqizi waseCzech ithola idumela lokungabizi, kepha ngekhwalithi ephezulu yokwakha. Lokhu kuvumela umkhiqizo ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ezithile ezithokozisayo.
• I-1997-2001, enye yamamodeli wokuhlola, iFelicia Fun, yakhiqizwa, eyayenziwa emzimbeni weloli futhi yayinombala ogqamile.
• Ngo-2016 - izwe labashayeli bezimoto labona i-crossover yokuqala evela eSkoda - Kodiaq.
• 2017 - Inkampani yembula i-compact crossover elandelayo, iKaroq. Uhulumeni walo mkhiqizo umemezela ukwethulwa kwesu lobumbano, inhloso yalo bekuwukwethula ukukhiqizwa kwamamodeli amathathu amasha ngo-2022. Lokhu kuzofanele kufake izinhlobo eziyishumi ezixubene nezimoto zikagesi ezigcwele.
• Ngo-2017 - eShanghai Auto Show, lo mkhiqizo wembula uhlobo lokuqala lwemoto kagesi esigaxeni sesigaba seSUV - Umbono. Imodeli isuselwa kungxenyekazi ye-VAG MEB.
• I-2018 - imodeli yemoto yomndeni wakwaScala ivela embukisweni wezimoto.
• I-2019 - inkampani yethule iKamiq subcompact crossover. Ngawo lowo nyaka, imoto kagesi yakwaCitigo-e iV eyayilungele ukukhiqizwa yaboniswa. Amanye amafektri e-automaker aguqulwa kancane ukwenziwa kwamabhethri ngokobuchwepheshe bokukhathazeka kwe-VAG.

I-Logotype

Kuwo wonke umlando, inkampani isishintshe i-logo kaningana lapho ithengise khona imikhiqizo yayo:

• 1895-1905 - Izinhlobo zokuqala zamabhayisikili nezithuthuthu zaziphatha uphawu lweSlavia, olwenziwa ngesondo lebhayisikili elinamaqabunga e-lime ngaphakathi.
• I-1905-25 - i-logo yomkhiqizo iguqulwa yaba yi-L & K, ebekwe erimu nxazonke eyenziwe ngamaqabunga e-linden afanayo.
• 1926-33 - Igama lomkhiqizo liguqulwa laba yiSkoda, elivezwa ngokushesha kuphawu lwenkampani. Ngalesi sikhathi igama lomkhiqizo lifakwe kwi-oval elinomngcele ofana nenguqulo yangaphambilini.
• Ngo-1926-90 - ngokufana, kwezinye izinhlobo zenkampani, kuvela isithombe esingaqondakali, esifana nomcibisholo ondizayo onamaphiko ezinyoni. Kuze kube manje, akekho owaziyo ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yini ebangele ukuthuthukiswa komdwebo onjalo, kepha manje sekuyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Ngokusho kolunye uhlobo, ngenkathi ehambela iMelika, u-Emil Skoda wayehlala ephelezelwa ngumNdiya, ogama lakhe leminyaka yayisemidwebeni emahhovisi abaphathi benkampani. Umcibisholo ondizayo onqenqemeni lwalesi silhouette uthathwa njengophawu lokuthuthuka okusheshayo nokuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe obusebenzayo emikhiqizweni yomkhiqizo.
• 1999-2011 - isitayela se-logo esisekelweni sihlala sinye, umbala wesizinda kuphela uyashintsha futhi umdwebo uvela ube mkhulu. I-shades eluhlaza ikhombisa ubungani bemvelo bemikhiqizo.
• 2011 - I-logo yomkhiqizo iphinde ithole izinguquko ezincane. Isendlalelo manje sesimhlophe, okwenza ukubukeka komcibisholo ondizayo kube okumangazayo, kuyilapho umbala onombala oluhlaza uqhubeka nokusikisela emzabalazweni obheke ezokuthutha ezihlanzekile.

Abanikazi nokuphathwa

Umkhiqizo weK & L ekuqaleni bekuyinkampani ephethwe ngasese. Isikhathi lapho inkampani yayinabanikazi ababili (uKlement noLaurin) - 1895-1907. Ngo-1907 inkampani yathola isimo senkampani yamasheya ehlanganyelwe.

Njengenkampani yamasheya ahlangene, lo mkhiqizo wawukhona kuze kube ngu-1925. Bese kuba nokuhlangana nenkampani yamasheya yaseCzech ehlangene yezimboni zezimoto, ebinegama elithi Skoda. Lokhu kukhathazeka kuba ngumnikazi webhizinisi elincane ngokugcwele.

Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s kwekhulu lama-XX, inkampani yaqala ukuhamba kahle ngaphansi kobuholi beVolkswagen Group. Uzakwethu kancane kancane uba ngumnikazi womkhiqizo. ISkoda VAG ithola amalungelo aphelele kubuchwepheshe nasezikhiqizweni ze-automaker ngo-2000.

Amamodeli

Nalu uhlu lwamamodeli ahlukile asuswe kulayini womhlangano we-automaker.

1. Imibono yeSkoda

• Imibhalo yango-1949 - 973;
• 1958 - 1100 Uhlobo 968;
• 1964 - F3;
• 1967-72 - 720;
• 1968 - 1100 GT;
• 1971 - 110 SS Ferat;
• 1987 - 783 Indebe eyintandokazi;
• 1998 - UFelicia Golden Prague;
• 2002 - Sawubona;
• 2002 - I-Fabia Paris Edition;
• 2002 - uTudor;
• 2003 - uRoomster;
• 2006 - Yeti II;
• 2006 - uJoyster;
• 2007 - UFabia Super;
• 2011 - Umbono D;
• 2011 - Injongo L;
• 2013 - Umbono C;
• 2017 - Umbono E;
• 2018 - Umbono X.

2. Ezomlando

Ukukhiqizwa kwemoto yinkampani kungahlukaniswa ngezikhathi eziningana:

• 1905-1911 Izinhlobo zokuqala ze-K & L ziyavela;
•  1911-1923. I-K & L iyaqhubeka nokukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngokususelwa ezimotweni ezibalulekile zedizayini yayo;
• 1923-1932 Umkhiqizo ungaphansi kolawulo lweSkoda JSC, amamodeli okuqala avela. Okumangalisa kakhulu kwakungu-422 no-860;
• 1932-1943. Ukuguqulwa kuvela ku-650, 633, 637. Imodeli ethandwayo yajabulela impumelelo enkulu. Umkhiqizo wethula ukukhiqizwa kweRipid, Favorit, Superb;
• 1943-1952 I-Superb (ukuguqulwa kwe-OHV), iTudor 1101 neVOS bakhipha kulayini womhlangano;
• 1952-1964. I-Felicia, i-Octavia, i-1200 ne-400 modification modification (40,45,50) yethulwa;
• 1964-1977. Uchungechunge lwe-1200 lukhiqizwa ngemizimba ehlukene. I-Octavia ithola umzimba wesiteshi senqola (Combi). Imodeli engu-1000 MB iyavela;
• 1980-1990 Phakathi nale minyaka eyi-10, lo mkhiqizo ukhiphe amamodeli amasha amabili kuphela angu-110 R no-100 ngokuguqulwa okuhlukile;
• 1990-2010 Iningi lezimoto ezihamba emgwaqweni zithola izibuyekezo "zesizukulwane sokuqala, sesibili nesesithathu" ngokususelwa entweni yokukhathazeka kwe-VAG. Phakathi kwabo kukhona i-Octavia, uFelicia, uFabia, uSuperb. Ama-Yeti compact crossovers nama-Roomster minivans ayavela.

Amamodeli wanamuhla

Uhlu lwamamodeli amasha wanamuhla lubandakanya:

• 2011 - iCitigo;
• 2012 - Ngokushesha;
• 2014 - uFabian XNUMX;
• 2015 - Okuhle kakhulu III;
• 2016 - Kodiaq;
• 2017 - uKaroq;
• 2018 - Scala;
• 2019 - i-Octavia IV;
• I-2019 - IKamiq.

Ekuphetheni, sinikeza ukubuka konke okuncane kwamanani okuqala kuka-2020:

Izintengo zeSKODA Januwari 2020

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Iliphi izwe elikhiqiza izimoto ze-Skoda? Izimboni ezinamandla kakhulu zenkampani zitholakala eCzech Republic. Amagatsha awo atholakala eRussia, Ukraine, India, Kazakhstan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Poland.

Ubani umnikazi weSkoda? Abasunguli uVaclav Laurin noVaclav Klement. Ngo-1991 inkampani yangasese. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Skoda Auto kancane kancane yaba ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-VAG yaseJalimane.