Umlando womkhiqizo weRolls Royce

NgeRolls Royce, ngokushesha siqonda umqondo wento kanokusho nobukhosi. Izimoto zaseBrithani ezinokukhetha okuthile akuvamisile ukubonwa emgwaqeni.

IRolls Royce Motor Cars yinkampani yezimoto zikanokusho yaseBrithani enekomkhulu eGoodwood.

Umlando wokuzalwa kwezimoto zikanokusho zakwamanye amazwe usukela emuva ngonyaka we-1904, lapho abangane ababili baseBrithani abanomqondo ofanayo bevumelana ngomqondo wokwenza imoto kanokusho ethembekile, kwakunguFrederick-Henry Royce noCharles Rolls. Umlando wobambiswano ulele ekungagculiseki ngemoto ethengiwe nguRoyce, obenentshisekelo kwikhwalithi nokwakhiwa kahle kwemoto. Ngokushesha wafikelwa umcabango wokusungula iphrojekthi yakhe, futhi esedale imoto yakhe yokuqala, wayithengisa kunjiniyela uPolo, owabhekisisa umsebenzi wakhe. Imodeli yadalwa nguRoyce ngo-1904 futhi yaba yimoto yokuqala yenkampani. Ngale ndlela ukusebenzisana kwaqala ukwakha inkampani edume kakhulu.

Isici esivelele senkampani ukuthi kuze kube namuhla zonke izimoto zihlangene ngesandla. Inqubo kuphela yokusebenza ngemishini yenzeka ekupendeni imoto enezendlalelo eziyi-12 zikapende.

Esikhathini esifushane ngemuva kokusungulwa kwebhizinisi, eminyakeni embalwa ngo-1906, kwase kukhiqizwe izimoto eziningana ezinamayunithi kagesi ama-2, 4, 6 kanye no-8 (kodwa ikakhulukazi enenjini eyisilinda emibili. Lezi zinhlobo eziyi-12/15/20/30 PS). Amamodeli anqobe imakethe ngejubane lombani futhi ayedingeka, ngoba inkampani yayiholwa yimigomo eminingana ebalulekile, njengokuthembeka, ikhwalithi, nokusebenza ngenkuthalo emsebenzini. Yilokhu uRoyce azame ukukufaka ekhanda lesisebenzi ngasinye, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokhu ngeke kube khona umphumela omuhle.

Ngesikhathi sempi, inkampani iphinde yakhiqiza izimoto zamasosha.

URoll Royce naye wayethandwa emjahweni, ethatha imiklomelo. Ukuhola kokuqala kukhonjiswe ngemoto yezemidlalo yango-1996 emhlanganweni weTourist Trophy. Lokhu kwalandelwa ukwenzeka njalo kokuwina imiklomelo ngenxa yezimoto ezikhiqizwa ngesisekelo seRoyce-Prototype.

Inala yokunethezeka yanikezwa iPanthom, eyacolisiswa kaningana. Wayesesimweni esikahle sokudingeka futhi isikhashana kwakhishwa amamodeli angaphezu kuka-2000.

Ngo-1931, inkampani ithatha iBentley enhle kakhulu, eseduze nokuqothuka. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungomunye wabancintisana abaluleke kakhulu beRoll Royce, njengoba iBentley yayingakhiqizi izimoto ezisezingeni eliphansi futhi inedumela elinamandla emakethe.

Ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, le nkampani yandise ukugxila kwayo ekukhiqizeni izinjini zezindiza zamasosha futhi yaphumelela ngeRR Merlin ngamandla ombani. Iyunithi yamandla yasetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izindiza zamasosha.

Izimoto zakwaRoll Royce zifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwezikhulu nezicebi.

Cishe isigamu sekhulu leminyaka, inkampani yakhula ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuyeka ukumangala ngokunethezeka ekhiqizwayo, kodwa ekuqaleni kwe-60s isimo sasingakashintshi sibe ngcono. Enye inkinga kanye noshintsho kumaqhinga ezomnotho, amaphrojekthi amaningana abizayo amakhulu, ukuthuthukiswa kweyunithi yamandla endiza kanye nemalimboleko - konke kuthinte kakhulu inhlalakahle yezezimali yenkampani, kuze kube sekuqoqweni. Ukuvalwa akuzange kuvunyelwe futhi inkampani yahlengwa nguhulumeni, okhokhele iningi lezikweletu ezibalulekile. Lokhu kufakazela kuphela ukuthi uRolls Royce usezuze ifa nesithunzi esihlonishwayo hhayi ezimakethe kuphela, kodwa nakuleli.

Kamuva ngo-1997, lo mkhiqizo watholakala nge-BMW, ​​eyayingomunye wabaningi ababemi emgqeni wokuthola iRoll Royce. UBentley waya eVolkswagen.

Umnikazi omusha womkhiqizo usethe ukukhiqiza ngokushesha ngaphandle kokuthinta ikakhulukazi bonke ubuchwepheshe nezindlela zeRoll Royce.

Umkhiqizo odumile ubhekwa njengongenakulinganiswa kuze kube yilolu suku. Ukunethezeka nobukhulu bezimoto ezikhiqizwayo kuyinzuzo enkulu yabasunguli bayo. Le nkampani inamaphuzu angaphezu kwekhulu okuthengisa emhlabeni jikelele, futhi udumo nokuqalwa kwayo kuvusa isifiso sawo wonke umuntu sokuba nemoto yakwaRoll Royce.

Umsunguli

Abasunguli ngonjiniyela abanamakhono ababili baseBrithani uFrederick Henry Royce noCharles Rolls. 

UFrederick Henry Royce wazalwa entwasahlobo ka-1963 emndenini omkhulu wabagaya eGreat Britain. UHenry waya esikoleni eLondon, kodwa wafunda khona unyaka. Umndeni ubumpofu, izinkinga zezimali kanye nokushona kukayise kwenza uHenry ashiye isikole athole umsebenzi njengomfana wephephandaba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lwezihlobo zakhe, uHenry wathola umsebenzi wokufundela endaweni yokusebenzela. Ngemuva kwalokho wasebenza enkampanini kagesi eLondon, futhi kamuva waba ngogesi eLiverpool.

Kusukela ngo-1894, kanye nomngane wakhe, wahlela ibhizinisi elincane elikhiqiza izinto zikagesi. Ukwenyuka ezinyathelweni ezincane zesitebhisi sakhe somsebenzi - uRoyce uhlela inkampani yokukhiqiza ama-cranes.

1901 - inguquko eyaba nomthelela omuhle empilweni yakhe yonke, uHenry wathenga umshini owasungulwa eFrance. Kodwa ngokushesha wadumala kakhulu emotweni iyonke futhi wanquma ukudala eyakhe.

Ngo-1904 wenza iRolls Royce yokuqala wayithengisa kumlingani wakhe wakusasa uRolls. Ngawo lowo nyaka inkampani edumile yeRoll Royce yahlelwa.

Ngemuva kwezinkinga zempilo nokusebenza okuhlehlisiwe, akakwazanga ukubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni (kokuhlanganiswa) kwezimoto, kepha ubenakho ukulawula okuphelele kubadwebi abenze imidwebo futhi benza umsebenzi wokukhiqiza.

UFrederick Henry Royce ushone entwasahlobo ka-1933 eWest Witterting eGreat Britain.

Umsunguli wesibili, uCharles Stewart Rolls, wazalwa ehlobo lika-1877 emndenini omkhulu we-baron ecebile eLondon.

Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, wafundiswa eCambridge yodumo eneziqu zobunjiniyela.

Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wayethatheka ngezimoto. Wayengomunye wabashayeli abahamba phambili eWales.

Ngo-1896 wathenga imoto yakhe.

Ngo-1903, kwaqoshwa irekhodi likazwelonke lama-93 mph. Wakha ibhizinisi lokuthengisa izimoto zemikhiqizo yaseFrance.

IRolls Royce yasungulwa ngo-1904.

Ngaphezu kwe-motorsport nemboni yezimoto, wayethanda namabhaluni nezindiza, okwaba yinto yakhe yokuzilibazisa yesibili futhi kwamlethela ukuthandwa (ngeshwa, hhayi ngendlela enhle kuphela). Ehlobo lika-1910, indiza kaRolls yawa emoyeni phezulu ngamamitha ayisithupha kwathi uCharles wafa.

Isifanekiselo

I-"Spirit of Ecstasy" (noma i-Spirit of Extasy) umfanekiso ohlanganisa lo mbono phezu kwe-hood yemoto.

 Umnikazi wokuqala wemoto enalo mfanekiso kwakuyiNkosi ecebile uScott Montagu, owayala umngane womqophi ukuba enze umfanekiso osesimweni sowesifazane ondizayo. Imodeli yalesi sibalo kwakuyinkosikazi kaMontagu u-Eleanor. Lokhu kubahlabe umxhwele abasunguli bale nkampani base besebenzisa lesi sibonelo njengophawu lwemoto. Ngokubeka i-oda nomqophi ofanayo, babenombono ocishe ufane nemodeli efanayo edala i-Spirit of Extasy edumile - "intokazi endizayo". Kuwo wonke umlando, i-alloy kuphela lapho isifanekiso senziwe khona sishintshile, okwamanje senziwe ngensimbi engagqwali.

Futhi ilogo yenkampani uqobo, njengoba kungenzima ukuqagela, ikhombisa ngohlamvu oluphindwe kabili lwesiNgisi u-R, olufaka uhlamvu lokuqala lwamagama abadali beRolls Royce.

Umlando wemoto

Njengoba kushiwo, iRolls Royce yokuqala yadalwa ngo-1904.

Kusukela onyakeni ofanayo kuya ku-1906, inkampani ikhiqiza amamodeli we-12/15/20/30 we-PS anezinyunithi zamandla eyisilinda ezahlukahlukene kusuka kumasilinda amabili kuya kwangu-2. Imodeli engu-8 ye-PS enenjini eyisilinda ezine engama-20 hp ifanelwe ukuhlukaniswa okukhethekile. nokuthatha umklomelo emhlanganweni weTourist Trophy.

Ngo-1907 iSilver Ghost yaqanjwa njengemoto ehamba phambili emhlabeni, ekuqaleni yaklanywa unyaka ngaphambili njenge-chassis yokuqala yenkampani engu-40/50 HP.

Ngo-1925 i-Phantom ngayiqala ngenjini engu-7,6 litre. Uhlobo lwesimanjemanje, oluqanjwe kabusha i-Phantom II lwakhishwa eminyakeni emine kamuva futhi lanikezwa ubukhulu obukhethekile. Kamuva, izizukulwane ezine zale modeli zakhishwa.

Ngemuva kokutholwa kweBentley, iMK VI yaqala ngomzimba wensimbi oqinile.

Ngo-1935 isizukulwane esisha iPanthom III sabona umhlaba unenjini enamandla eyi-12-cylinder.

Esikhathini sangemva kwempi, isizukulwane seSiliva siyaqala. Kodwa i-Silver Wraith / Cloud - lezi zinhlobo ezimbili azizange zizuze inhlonipho efanele kanye nesidingo esikhethekile emakethe, esivumele inkampani ukuthi idale iphrojekthi yokufisa kakhulu ngokusekelwe kulawa mamodeli futhi yenze i-splash nge-Silver Shadow ekhishwe ngobuchwepheshe obuhle kakhulu. ukusebenza nokubukeka, ikakhulukazi umzimba othwala umthwalo .

Ngokuya ngeShadow, okuguqukayo kweConiche kwasungulwa ngo-1971, okwakuyizibulo lenkampani.

Futhi imoto yokuqala eyenziwe ngonjiniyela bakwamanye amazwe kwaba yiCamague ka-1975.

I-limousine eneminyango emine ene-8-cylinder powertrain yaqala ngo-1977 futhi yaba ngumbukiso eGeneva Exhibition.

Uchungechunge olusha lweSilver Spur / Spirit lwethulwa emhlabeni ngo-1982 futhi seluthole ukuthandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi iSpur, eyaziwa njengemoto ehamba phambili ezifundazweni. Futhi ngo-1996, kwakhishwa inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ebizwa ngeFlying Spur.

Imodeli emisha kwakuyiSilver Seraph, eyadalwa ngo-1998 futhi yethulwa embukisweni wezimoto, ngesisekelo esakhishwa amamodeli amabili ngonyaka omusha ka-2000: iCorniche eshintshwayo nePark Ward.