Umlando wohlobo lwemoto yakwa-Opel

U-Adam Opel AG uyinkampani ekhiqiza izimoto yaseJalimane. Indlunkulu itholakala eRüsselsheim. Ingxenye yokukhathazeka kweGeneral Motors. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukwenziwa kwezimoto nezimoto ezincane.

Umlando ka-Opel uhlehlela emuva cishe emakhulwini amabili eminyaka, lapho umqambi waseJalimane u-Adam Opel esungula inkampani yomshini wokuthunga ngo-1863. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-spectrum idluliselwe ekukhiqizeni amabhayisikili, okwenza umnikazi waba isihloko somkhiqizi omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni.

Ngemuva kokushona kuka-Opel, ibhizinisi lenkampani laqhubeka ngamadodana akhe amahlanu. Umndeni wakwa-Opel uqhamuke nombono wokuthi kushintshwe i-vector yokukhiqiza kube ukwenziwa kwezimoto. Futhi ngo-1899, kwasungulwa imoto yokuqala ka-Opel enelayisense. Kwakuwuhlobo lwabasebenzi abazisebenzelayo ukuthuthukisa uLutzman. Iphrojekthi yemoto ekhishiwe ayibathokozisanga kakhulu abadali futhi kungekudala bakuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwalo mklamo.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba ukuphothula isivumelwano noDarracq ngonyaka olandelayo, okwadala enye imodeli eyabaholela empumelelweni yabo yokuqala. Izimoto ezalandela zibambe iqhaza emijahweni futhi zathola nemiklomelo, okube nomthelela empumelelweni echumayo yenkampani kanye nentuthuko esheshayo ngokuzayo.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, i-vector yokukhiqiza yashintsha ukuqondiswa kwayo ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukiseni amaloli ezempi.

Ukukhiqiza kudinga ukukhishwa kwamamodeli amasha, athuthukile. Ukwenza lokhu, basebenzisa isipiliyoni saseMelika embonini yezimoto ukusungula. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, imishini yabuyekezwa ngokuphelele ibe yikhwalithi ephezulu ngokwanele, futhi amamodeli amadala asuswa ekukhiqizeni.

Ngo-1928, kwasayinwa isivumelwano neGeneral Motors sokuthi manje i-Opel iyinkampani engaphansi kwayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwandiswe kakhulu.

Umthwalo weMpi Yezwe II waphoqa inkampani ukuthi imise izinhlelo zayo futhi igxile ekukhiqizeni izikhali zempi. Impi yacishe yabhubhisa ngokuphelele izimboni zenkampani, futhi yonke imibhalo enemishini yaya kuziphathimandla ze-USSR. Inkampani yawa ngokuphelele.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimboni azizange zibuyiselwe ngokugcwele futhi ukukhiqizwa kwasungulwa. Imodeli yokuqala yangemva kwempi yayiyiloli, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kamuva - ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi angaphambi kwempi. Kwaba ngemva kweminyaka yawo-50 lapho kwaba khona ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwebhizinisi, njengoba imboni enkulu eRüsselsheim yabuyiselwa ngezinga eliphawulekayo.

Ngonyaka we-100 wenkampani, ngo-1962 kwasungulwa isitshalo esisha sokukhiqiza eBochum. Ukukhiqizwa kweMisa izimoto kuqala.

Namuhla i-Opel iyisigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke seGeneral Motors. Futhi izimoto ezikhiqizwayo zidume umhlaba wonke ngekhwalithi yazo, ukwethembeka kanye nokwenza izinto ezintsha. Ububanzi obubanzi bunikeza amamodeli wesabelomali esihlukile.

Umsunguli

U-Opel Adam wazalwa ngoMeyi 1837 edolobheni laseRüsselsheim emndenini womlimi. Kusukela esemncane wayenesithakazelo kumakhenikhi. Wayefundiswe umsebenzi wensimbi.

Ngo-1862 wenza umshini wokuthunga, kwathi ngonyaka olandelayo wavula imboni yomshini wokuthunga eRüsselsheim. Ngemuva kwalokho wakhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamabhayisikili futhi waqhubeka nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo. Waba umkhiqizi webhayisikili omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni. Ngemuva kokufa kwe-Opel, lesi sitshalo sidluliselwe ezandleni zomndeni wakwa-Opel. Amadodana amahlanu akwa-Opel abambe iqhaza ekukhiqizeni kuze kube sekuzalweni kwezimoto zokuqala zale nkampani yomndeni.

U-Adam Opel ushone ekwindla ka-1895 eRüsselsheim.

Isifanekiselo

Uma ungena emlandweni, uphawu lwe-Opel lushintshe izikhathi eziningi. Uphawu lokuqala kwakuyibheji elinosonhlamvukazi ababili bomdali: uhlamvu olusagolide oluthi “A” lulingana nohlamvu olubomvu elithi “O”. Wabonakala kusukela ekuqaleni kokusungulwa kwenkampani yomshini wokuthunga yi-Opel. Ngemva kwezinguquko ezinkulu phakathi neminyaka edlule, ngisho nango-1964, kwasungulwa umdwebo wombani, manje osekuwuphawu lwenkampani.

Uphawu uqobo lwalo luqukethe isiyingi esinombala osiliva ngaphakathi lapho kunombani ovundlile wohlelo olufanayo lombala. Umbani uqobo uwuphawu lwejubane. Lolu phawu lusetshenziswa ukuhlonipha imodeli ye-Opel Blitz ekhishiwe.

Umlando wezimoto zakwa-Opel

Imodeli yokuqala ifakwe iyunithi yamandla engu-2-cylinder (ngemuva kohlobo lwe-1899 ehlulekile) yaqala ngo-1902.

Ngo-1905, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kwesigaba esiphakeme, imodeli enjalo yayingu-30/40 PS enenjini ehamba ngo-6.9.

Ngo-1913, iloli ye-Opel Laubfrosh yadalwa ngokuluhlaza okukhanyayo. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaleso sikhathi wonke amamodeli akhishwe ayeluhlaza. Le modeli yayidume kakhulu ngokuthi "Ixoxo".

Imodeli 8/25 yakhiqizwa ngenjini engu-2 litre.

Imodeli ye-Regent yavela emakethe ngo-1928 futhi yakhiqizwa ngezitayela ezimbili zomzimba - i-coupe ne-sedan. Bekuyimoto yokuqala kanokusho ebifunwa uhulumeni. Ifakwe injini eyisishiyagalombili-cylinder, ingafinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-130 km / h, okwakubhekwa njengesivinini esikhulu ngaleso sikhathi.

I-RAK A yemoto yezemidlalo yakhiqizwa ngo-1928. Imoto yayinezici eziphezulu zobuchwepheshe, futhi imodeli ethuthukisiwe yayinenjini enamandla nakakhulu ekwazi ukufika ngejubane elingafika ku-220 km / h.

Ngo-1930, iloli lempi i-Opel Blitz lakhishwa ezizukulwaneni eziningana, lehlukene ngokwakhiwa nokwakhiwa.

Ngo-1936, i-Olympia yaqala ukubonakala, eyayibhekwa njengemoto yokuqala yokukhiqiza enomzimba we-monocoque, futhi imininingwane yophiko lwamandla yabalwa ngemininingwane emincane kakhulu. Futhi ngo-1951, imodeli yesimanje enemininingwane emisha yangaphandle yaphuma. Yahlomeka nge-grille entsha enkulu, futhi kwaba noshintsho ku-bumper.

Uchungechunge lwe-1937 Kadett lwalukhona ekukhiqizeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka.

Imodeli ye-Admiral yethulwa ngo-1937 yimoto ephezulu. Imodeli eqinile kakhulu kwakuyiKapitan kusukela ngo-1938. Ngohlobo ngalunye lwesimanje, ukuqina kwezimoto nakho kwanda. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zazinenjini eyisilinda eyisithupha.

Uhlobo olusha lweKadett B lwaqala ngo-1965 ngomzimba oneminyango emibili nemine namandla amaningi ngokuhambisana nababengaphambi kwalo.

IDiplomat V8 yango-1965 yayinikwe amandla yinjini iChevrolet V8. Futhi kulo nyaka, kwethulwe uhlobo oluthile lwemoto yezemidlalo ye-GT enomzimba wokuhlangana.

Isizukulwane sikaKadett D sango-1979 sasihluke kakhulu ngosayizi weModel C. Sasiphinde safakelwa idrayivu ehamba phambili. Imodeli yakhiqizwa ngezinhlobo ezintathu zokufuduka kwenjini.

Iminyaka yawo-80s igqame ngokukhishwa kweCorsa A, iCabrio ne-Omega entsha enosayizi omncane enemininingwane emihle yezobuchwepheshe, namamodeli amadala nawo enziwe abesimanje. Imodeli ye-Arsona, efana nomklamo weKadett, nayo yakhululwa, ene-back-wheel drive. I-Kadett E eklanywe kabusha yawina i-European Car of the Year ngo-1984, ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Ukuphela kwama-80s kubonakala ngokukhululwa kwe-Vectra A, eyathatha indawo ye-Ascona. Kwakukhona ukuhlukahluka okubili komzimba - i-hatchback ne-sedan.

I-Opel Calibra yaqala ekuqaleni kwawo-90. Ukuba umzimba coupe, kwaba ifakwe amandla unit kusukela Vectra, kanye chassis kusuka kule modeli wakhonza njengesisekelo indalo.

I-SUV yokuqala yenkampani yayiyi-Frontera ka-1991. Izici zangaphandle zenze kwaba namandla amakhulu, kepha akukho okumangazayo ngaphansi kwe-hood. Imodeli ethe xaxa ngobuchwepheshe uFrontera waba ngemuva kwesikhashana, eyayine-turbodiesel ngaphansi kwesigqoko. Bese kuba nezinye izizukulwane eziningana zesimanje ze-SUV.

Imoto yezemidlalo enamandla iTigra yaqala ukubonakala ngo-1994. Idizayini yokuqala nedatha yezobuchwepheshe ephezulu ilethe ukufunwa kwemoto.

Itekisi yokuqala yakwa-Opel Sintra yakhiqizwa ngo-1996. Itekisi elincane le-Agila laqalwa ngo-2000.